Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering2024-11-0920129780-0808-7862-110.1016/B978-0-444-53349-4.00009-12-s2.0-84884957225http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-444-53349-4.00009-1https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/8524Molecular structure, molecular and phenomenological theories, and computer simulations of amorphous rubberlike polymeric networks of rubber elasticity are discussed. Behavior of responsive gels, multimodal, liquid-crystalline, and reinforced elastomers in the state of thermodynamic equilibrium are outlined. Characterization of structure and properties based on stress–strain experiments, optical and spectroscopic techniques, scanning tunneling microscopy, atomic force microscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, small-angle and Brillouin scattering, and pulse wave propagation are outlined. © 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.EngineeringChemical biological engineeringBook Chapterhttps://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-84884957225anddoi=10.1016%2fB978-0-444-53349-4.00009-1andpartnerID=40andmd5=2bc20f1f5b1d91b6b3048f74c0627fb0N/A2703