Department of Mechanical Engineering2024-11-0920180924-424710.1016/j.sna.2018.06.0192-s2.0-85048759146http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2018.06.019https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/7803A compact triaxial dynamometer for detecting the cutting forces in machining is developed. force measurements are performed using photo-interrupters. Structural parameters of a monolithic flexural component are chosen through parametric analysis for coupling the exerted forces with the optical sensors. a prototype of the dynamometer is manufactured, and the calibration tests are conducted in three orthogonal directions to determine the linearity, hysteresis, repeatability and resolution. force measurements are also compared with a reference dynamometer (Kistler 9256C1). Modal analysis and milling tests are performed to observe the dynamic properties and operability of the force sensor for machining applications. Results of the experimental studies validate that the proposed sensor is a feasible low-cost solution for force measurement in machining without compromising reliability and accuracy.Electrical electronics engineeringPhysical instrumentsJournal Article444664500021Q18005