Research Project: The New Politics of Welfare: Towards an “Emerging Markets” Welfare State Regime
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Contributors
Funders
ID
EC.00095
Authors
Yörük, Erdem
Faculty Member
Publications
Towards generalizable place name recognition systems: analysis and enhancement of NER systems on English news from India
(Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 2018) Akdemir, Arda; Gürel, Burak; Hürriyetoğlu, Ali; Yoltar, Çağrı; Yörük, Erdem; Yüret, Deniz; Department of Sociology; Department of Computer Engineering; Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; Yes; College of Engineering; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING; GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES
Place name recognition is one of the key tasks in Information Extraction. In this paper, we tackle this task in English News from India. We first analyze the results obtained by using available tools and corpora and then train our own models to obtain better results. Most of the previous work done on entity recognition for English makes use of similar corpora for both training and testing. Yet we observe that the performance drops significantly when we test the models on different datasets. For this reason, we have trained various models using combinations of several corpora. Our results show that training models using combinations of several corpora improves the relative performance of these models but still more research on this area is necessary to obtain place name recognizers that generalize to any given dataset.
Contentious welfare: the Kurdish conflict and social policy as counterinsurgency in Turkey
(Wiley, 2020) Yoltar, Çağrı; Yörük, Erdem; Department of Sociology; Yes; College of Social Sciences and Humanities
The period since the 1990s has witnessed the expanding political influence of the Kurdish movement across the country as well as a transformation in the welfare system, manifesting itself mainly in the emergence of extensive social assistance programs. While Turkish social assistance policy has been formally neutral regarding who is entitled to state aid, Kurds have been de facto singled out by these new welfare programs, as is shown by existing quantitative work. Based on a discourse analysis of legislation, parliamentary proceedings, and news media, this article examines the ways in which Turkish governments and policymakers consider the Kurdish question in designing welfare policies. We illustrate that Kurdish mobilization has become a central theme that informed the transformation of Turkish welfare system over the past three decades.
Thirty years of the Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism: a review of reviews
(Wiley, 2019) Yörük, Erdem; Powell, Martin; Bargu, Ali; Department of Sociology; Yes; College of Social Sciences and Humanities
In the 30 or so years since the publication of Gosta Esping‐Andersen's Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism a number of rival welfare state typologies have emerged. This article has two broad aims. First, we review the reviews of welfare state typologies, pointing to issues of often unclear case selection and a wide range of concepts, variables, and methods, resulting in a variety of worlds of welfare and their constituent nations. We show that there is a great variety in the welfare modelling business at two different levels. Reviews vary significantly in terms of the number and composition of included studies, which has made it difficult to sum up the “state of the art.” Individual studies included in the reviews also vary significantly in terms of issues such as aims, concepts, variables, and methods. Second, we produce a new review, which adds value as it is based on a clearer search strategy, and includes more recent material that was not available in earlier reviews. This finds that there is a great variety in terms of process (concepts, variables, methods, and number of countries) and findings (the number and composition of “worlds”). We argue that the country classification seems to show less consensus that previous reviews, with fewer “pure” nations (i.e., agreement between studies). We suggest that in order to provide a clear point of engagement, future reviews need to pay more attention to a clear and explicit search strategy, including issues such as inclusion criteria.
The politics of social assistance in South Africa: how protests and electoral politics shape the Child Support Grant
(Wiley, 2021) Yörük, Erdem; Gençer, Alper Şükrü; Department of Sociology; Yes; College of Social Sciences and Humanities
Since the 1990s, South Africa, like many other countries from the Global South, has provided extensive social assistance for the poor. The literature on these policies, however, is largely dominated by structuralist accounts, and it largely overlooks political factors. We conducted quantitative analyses regarding the South African flagship Child Support Grant (CSG) program and investigated how contentious and electoral political dynamics jointly shape the provision of this program. Based on a logistic regression analysis, we measured the effect of protest participation, voting preference, and their interaction on the likelihood of CSG receipt. Our analysis showed that CSG receipt is much higher among "uncontentious supporters" of ANC and "contentious nonsupporters," as well as those who join violent protests. This lends support for our argument that CSG is being used as a tool for electoral politics and containment of unrest, providing fresh evidence for political mediation theories of social policy.
Straddling two continents and beyond three worlds? the case of Turkey's welfare regime
(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2017) Yörük, Erdem; Powell, Martin; Department of Sociology; Yes; College of Social Sciences and Humanities
This article aims to consider how Turkey has been classified in the welfare regime literature, and on what basis it has been classified. This will then form the basis for exploring whether there appears to be any variation between approaches and methods and/or between the position (e.g., location or language) of the authors. Studies of Turkey's welfare regime exhibit a significant degree of variation in terms of both approaches and conclusions, resulting in little in the way of consensus. Among Turkish-language studies (and some, but not all, Turkish scholars writing in English), there does seem to be a broad consensus that Turkey may be classified as part of the Southern European welfare model, which squares with the modal conclusion of the English-language studies on the topic. However, some regional studies conclude that Turkey is part of the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region, while many of the cluster analyses suggest a wide variety of clusters that are not geographically contiguous.
