Facing the market in North Africa

Abstract

This article examines the results of economic reform programs since the mid-1980s in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, and Egypt. Although these states have liberalized their economies in the face of international and domestic market forces, ruling elites have been adept at maintaining control over the distribution of resources. Selective reforms have prevented the emergence of competitive markets and powerful, autonomous private sectors and have yet to induce a transition to political liberalism and accountable government in North Africa.