Analysis and interpretation of Neolithic period footprints from Barcın Höyük, Turkey

Abstract

Presented here are a pair of preserved footprints discovered in 2014 at the site of Barcin Hoyuk, a Neolithic site located in northwestern Turkey. Found within the entrance of Structure 2a, the footprints date to approximately 6400 cal. BC. Footprints are rarely discovered in prehistoric settlements, adding significance to their study and to the conditions that led to their formation and ultimate preservation. This article provides anthropological estimations for the individuals who left the footprints and discusses the possibility of symbolism using contextual information and ethnographic and archaeological parallels. The measurements and analyses confirm that the footprints are the bare left and right foot of a single individual and provide clues about the biological profile of the individual. The footprint of the right foot produces various measurements such as footprint length, breadth and heel breadth. When compared with known standards, the print appears likely to be of an adult male 169.9 cm tall (with a 16.78 CI at 95% ranging from 153.1-186.66 cm) and weighing 71.9 kg (with a 31.14 kg CI at 95% ranging from 40.76 - 103.04 kg).