Assessment of seroprevalence and neutralizing antibodies for healthcare worker protection in a Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever endemic area

Abstract

We conducted this study to investigate the seroprevalence of antibodies against Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) in healthcare workers, assess neutralizing activity, and compare the existing infection control measures in two hospitals. Methods A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted. Healthcare workers were recruited from two different hospitals in an endemic area. The presence of anti-CCHFV antibodies was tested by ELISA, and their neutralizing capacity was assessed by the plaque reduction neutralization test. Results Among the 194 healthcare workers who participated in the study, four participants tested positive for antibodies. Out of these four participants, two were laboratory workers, one was a physician, and one was a porter. Serum samples from these four participants showed neutralizing activity. The special protective measures against CCHFV infection included the use of personal protective equipment, special care in the transport of infected samples, additional laboratory measures, educational seminars, and disinfection strategies. Conclusion Healthcare workers infected with CCHFV and recovered asymptomatically can develop neutralizing antibodies. Preventive measures should be revised for the protection of neglected occupational groups.