Quantum-geometric perspective on spin-orbit-coupled Bose superfluids

Abstract

We employ the Bogoliubov approximation to study how the quantum geometry of the helicity states affects the superfluid properties of a spin-orbit-coupled Bose gas in continuum. In particular we derive the low-energy Bogoliubov spectrum for a plane-wave condensate in the lower helicity band and show that the geometric contributions to the sound velocity are distinguished by their linear dependences on the interaction strength; that is, they are in sharp contrast to the conventional contribution which has a square-root dependence. We also discuss the roton instability of the plane-wave condensate against the stripe phase and determine their phase-transition boundary. In addition we derive the superfluid density tensor by imposing a phase twist on the condensate order parameter and study the relative importance of its contribution from the interband processes that is related to the quantum geometry.