Transtheoretical Model-Based Nursing Interventions for Smoking Cessation in COPD Patients: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effective- ness of transtheoretical model-based nursing interventions on smoking cessation in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Material and Methods: An experimental design was em- ployed in the study. The study involved 33 COPD patients in the ex- perimental group and 35 COPD patients in the control group. Data were collected between January 2016 and November 2017. The data collec- tion instruments included the Descriptive Characteristics Form, the Fagerstrom Nicotine Dependency Test, and the Transtheoretical Model scales for Decisional Balance, Self-Efficacy, Stages of Change, and Processes of Change. Both parametric and nonparametric tests were used for data analysis. Results: The subscale scores for Decisional Bal- ance, Self-Efficacy, and Processes of Change showed significant dif- ferences in the experimental group following home nursing interventions. While there was significant improvement in the Stages of Change, 9 patients in the experimental group and 2 patients in the con- trol group successfully quit smoking, and the difference between the groups was found to be significant. Conclusion: The results suggest that home care interventions based on the Transtheoretical Model are effective in supporting smoking cessation in COPD patients. It is rec- ommended that nursing practices incorporate the Transtheoretical Model for smoking cessation interventions, utilizing a smoking cessa- tion guide to enhance the effectiveness of these interventions.