Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: classification, risk factors and treatment

Abstract

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a chronic lung disease that occurs when lung development is affected negatively by many prenatal and postnatal risk factors in preterm born newborns. Increased survival rates of very small premature (PM) newborns increased occurrence of BPD. Infants with BPD need frequent hospital admissions, especially in the first 2 years after birth. Asthma, frequent and severe lower respiratory tract infections, and persistent lung function abnormalities in adolescence and young adulthood should be considered. Studies continue to enlighten the long-term follow-up of infants with BPD. © Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023.