Reconfigurations in the discourse of nationalism and national identity: Turkey at the turn of the twenty-first century

Abstract

Throughout recent decades, the processes of globalisation and Europeanisation have been influential in Turkey, bringing various changes to the economic, cultural and political spheres. Within the context of these processes, this article analyses the changes and continuities in the discourse of nationalism and national identity in Turkey through their reflections on school textbooks and curricula. on the one hand, the globalisation process has brought calls for democratisation, As well as citizenship and identity claims, from the societal actors in Turkey. on the other hand, it has given rise to concerns about preserving the status quo, which have then been channelled into the language of nationalism. the Europeanisation process has also fed these projects and discourses. Its effects, in moments of close interrelations between Turkey and the European Union, have consisted of bringing positive reinforcements for the decoupling of security concerns and nationalism, the formation of a new and democratic understanding of citizenship and the realisation of ambitions for democratisation in Turkey; however, in other times, backlashes have occurred.