Mass-imbalanced Fermi gases with spin-orbit coupling

Abstract

We use the mean-field theory to analyze the ground-state phase diagrams of spin-orbit-coupled massimbalanced Fermi gases throughout the BCS-BEC evolution, including both the population-balanced and -imbalanced systems. Our calculations show that the competition between the mass and population imbalance and the Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling gives rise to very rich phase diagrams, involving normal, superfluid, and phase-separated regions. In addition, we find quantum phase transitions between the topologically trivial gapped superfluid and the nontrivial gapless superfluid phases, opening the way for the experimental observation of exotic phenomena with cold atom systems.