Cultural Awareness and Cultural Effectiveness in Nurses: The Case of Istanbul City Hospitals

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study is to determine the cultural awareness and cultural effectiveness levels of nurses who care for patients from different cultures, as well as the correlation between them. Methods: This descriptive cross sectional study was completed with a total of 335 nurses. Results: As a result of regression analysis done to determine the cause-and-effect relationship between the intercultural awareness and intercultural effectiveness total scores of the participants, significance was determined (p < .001). When the correlation analysis between intercultural effectiveness total score and intercultural awareness total score averages were analyzed, a moderate correlation was found (r = .473; p < .001). Discussion: It was determined that the participants’ intercultural effectiveness scores and intercultural awareness scores were affected by different personal variables. It may be recommended to plan and implement intercultural nursing education and training strategies in the future to raise nurses’ intercultural awareness and intercultural effectiveness levels. © 2025 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.