Frost detection and defrost control: emerging trends, methods, and experimental evaluations

Abstract

Frost buildup on evaporator surfaces significantly reduces heat transfer efficiency in refrigeration systems, undermining overall performance. Effective frost detection and defrost control are therefore critical for maintaining optimal operation. This paper presents a comprehensive review of recent advancements in frost detection and defrosts control. It covers various defrosting mechanisms, including active and passive approaches, and classifies defrost control strategies into direct (sensor-based) and indirect types. Furthermore, it compares traditional sensor-based methods with emerging image processing techniques and advanced AI-driven solutions. An experimental evaluation of these methods highlights their relative strengths and limitations. Finally, the study identifies key research gaps, particularly in the integration of advanced sensing technologies for precise frost detection and defrost control.