Microsurgical anatomy of sellar and parasellar region approaches

Abstract

Sella and parasellar region are located in the center of the skull base and contain significant anatomical structures. About 20% of all intracranial neoplasms originate from this region. Surgical access to lesions in this region, which most commonly develop pituitary adenomas, meningiomas, and craniopharyngiomas, can be achieved with both transcranial and extracranial approaches. The endoscopic transsphenoidal approach is the most commonly used approach with the increase in the use of endoscopy in recent years. However, alternative approaches still maintain their importance for extensive lesions that spread over a wide area. Understanding the anatomy and anatomical variations of the sellar and parasellar regions is essential for successful surgical outcomes.