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Publication Metadata only Voter reaction to the government's refusal of natural disaster assistance: experimental evidence from Turkey and India(SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2024) Kiratli, Osman Sabri; Department of International Relations; Aytaç, Selim Erdem; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and EconomicsHow do citizens respond to their government's decision to accept or reject foreign assistance in the face of a natural disaster? While the increased frequency and intensity of natural disasters necessitate international cooperation for effective response, there have been numerous instances where states have declined foreign assistance offers due to reputation concerns. In this article, we focus on the domestic audience dynamics of such behavior. Drawing on experimental survey data from Turkey and India, two middle-income countries with geopolitical ambitions and recent experience in refusing foreign assistance, we find that accepting foreign assistance during natural disasters leads to higher evaluations of government performance, though this positive effect is driven by opposition voters only. Incumbent voters, conversely, solidify their support for the government regardless of its decision toward foreign assistance. The domestic political effects of government decisions in response to aid offers are largely independent of the identity of the country offering assistance.Publication Metadata only Avoiding fallout from terrorist attacks: the role of local politics and governments(SAGE Publications Ltd, 2024) Kemahlıoğlu, Özge; Kural, Ece; Department of International Relations; Bayer, Reşat; Erol, Emine Arı; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and EconomicsEven though violent attacks resulting in civilian fatalities can be seen as constituting failure on the part of the incumbent party to provide security to citizens, governments are not always punished electorally. Rather, at times, they appear to gain votes following terrorist attacks. Here we argue that political parties that can take advantage of their local presence to frame and communicate their narrative in response to terrorism, can better manage to avoid blame and even to emerge victorious in times of violent conflict. The AKP in Turkey is one such important example. Our statistical analyses of municipality-level aggregate election results show that the party not only maintained national incumbency, but even strengthened its predominance in the political system in the face of growing security threats. In municipalities where AKP controlled the local government and hence municipal resources, the party did not lose votes following terrorist attacks. This finding remains even when we consider past voting, regional variations, competitive districts, and ethnicity. Our argument that incumbents can avoid punishment through their capacity to reach out to voters at the local level is also supported by individual-level survey data and the comparison with neighboring municipalities. As such, we highlight how local government control can be consequential for national politics, including periods when security dominates the national agenda.Publication Metadata only Political parties, elections, and pernicious polarization in the rise of illiberalism(Routledge, 2022) McCoy, Jennifer L.; Department of International Relations; Somer, Murat; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and EconomicsPublication Metadata only Developing-country representation and public attitudes toward international organizations: the case of IMF governance reform(Oxford University Press, 2024) McDowell, Daniel; Steinberg, David; Gueorguiev, Dimitar; Department of International Relations; Aytaç, Selim Erdem; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and EconomicsSeveral prominent international organizations (IOs) maintain decision-making structures that under-represent developing countries. This paper argues that individuals in developing countries are more supportive of engaging with IOs that give a greater voice to fellow developing countries. We posit that the balance of decision-making power influences support for IOs by improving perceptions of both input legitimacy and output legitimacy. Empirically, we focus on the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and draw on original survey experiments in four developing countries: Argentina, China, South Africa, and Turkey. Results reveal that increased representation of developing countries increases public support for IMF participation. We also find consistent evidence that this effect works through an input legitimacy mechanism, specifically by improving perceptions of procedural fairness. These findings suggest that public support for IOs is affected by the balance of decision-making power within these organizations. Algunas de las organizaciones internacionales (OOII) m & aacute;s prominentes mantienen estructuras de toma de decisiones que subrepresentan a los pa & iacute;ses en desarrollo. Este art & iacute;culo argumenta que los ciudadanos de los pa & iacute;ses en desarrollo son m & aacute;s partidarios de formar parte de aquellas OOII que dan una mayor voz a otros pa & iacute;ses en desarrollo. Postulamos que el equilibrio del poder en la toma de decisiones influye en el apoyo a las OOII, ya que contribuye a mejorar las percepciones, tanto a nivel de legitimidad de origen como a nivel de legitimidad en virtud de los resultados. Desde el punto de vista emp & iacute;rico, nos centramos en el Fondo Monetario Internacional (FMI) y nos basamos en experimentos de encuestas originales llevados a cabo en cuatro pa & iacute;ses en desarrollo: Argentina, China, Sud & aacute;frica y Turqu & iacute;a. Los resultados revelan que una mayor representaci & oacute;n de los pa & iacute;ses en desarrollo aumenta el apoyo p & uacute;blico a la participaci & oacute;n en el FMI. Tambi & eacute;n encontramos pruebas consistentes de que este efecto funciona a trav & eacute;s de un mecanismo de legitimidad de origen, espec & iacute;ficamente, debido a que se mejoran las percepciones en materia de equidad procesal. Estas conclusiones sugieren que el apoyo p & uacute;blico a las OOII se ve afectado por el equilibrio de poder en la toma de decisiones que se produce dentro de estas organizaciones. Plusieurs importantes organisations internationales (OI) maintiennent des structures d & eacute;cisionnelles qui sous-repr & eacute;sentent les pays en d & eacute;veloppement. Cet article affirme que les personnes vivant dans des pays en d & eacute;veloppement soutiennent davantage les rapports avec des OI qui offrent plus de possibilit & eacute;s & agrave; d'autres pays en d & eacute;veloppement de se faire entendre. Nous postulons que l'& eacute;quilibre des pouvoirs d & eacute;cisionnels a une incidence sur le soutien aux OI en am & eacute;liorant la perception des l & eacute;gitimit & eacute;s entrante et sortante. Sur le plan empirique, nous nous focalisons sur le Fonds mon & eacute;taire international (FMI) et nous appuyons sur des exp & eacute;riences de sondage in & eacute;dites dans quatre pays en d & eacute;veloppement : l'Argentine, la Chine, l'Afrique du Sud et la Turquie. Selon les r & eacute;sultats, lorsque la repr & eacute;sentation des pays en d & eacute;veloppement augmente, le soutien public & agrave; la participation au FMI augmente aussi. Nous trouvons & eacute;galement des & eacute;l & eacute;ments confirmant que cet effet fonctionne par le biais d'un m & eacute;canisme de l & eacute;gitimit & eacute; entrante, en am & eacute;liorant la perception de l'& eacute;quit & eacute; proc & eacute;durale. Ces conclusions sugg & egrave;rent que le soutien public aux OI subit l'influence de l'& eacute;quilibre des pouvoirs d & eacute;cisionnels au sein de ces organisations.Publication Metadata only One down, two more to go: electoral trends in the aftermath of the March 2014 municipality elections(SETA, 2014) Department of International Relations; Çarkoğlu, Ali; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 125588The March 2014 local elections in Turkey did not drastically alter electoral balances in Turkey. The AK Party maintained its predominant position, despite loosing some electoral support. The opposition gained some support but not enough to challenge the incumbent party's tenure. Despite apparent gains for the CHP, it appears that the most significant vote increase was obtained by the nationalist MHP. Yet, both opposition parties remain far from imposing a credible challenge to the AK Party in future elections. These results are likely to lure PM Erdoǧan into running for president. Such a decision is likely to further polarize the country and result in negative electoral campaigns for the presidential elections.Publication Metadata only Back to the future institutionalist international relations theories and Greek-Turkish relations(Routledge, 2019) Department of International Relations; Rumelili, Bahar; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 51356This chapter traces the interaction of the case of Greek–Turkish relations with International Relations (IR) theory. It discusses how Greek–Turkish relations from the early 1980s to 1999 have figured in the IR literature, first in the form of descriptions of respective nationalist positions, and later as an anomalous case that shows the potentially perverse effects of international institutions. The chapter explains how Greek–Turkish relations transitioned from an anomaly to a landmark case of the European Union's conflict resolution capacity following the 1999 Helsinki council decisions. It shows how the potential to use Greek–Turkish relations as a test case for rival institutionalist explanations was missed as the case fell into neglect in the absence of headline-gripping crises. The chapter discusses how current developments in Greek–Turkish relations can contribute to the further refinement of institutionalist theories by drawing insights from ontological security theory. Looking to the future, Greek–Turkish relations are likely to remain a prominent case study for institutionalist IR theories.Publication Metadata only The challenges to the monoethnic regime in Germany, 1955-1982(Cambridge Univ Press, 2012) Department of International Relations; Aktürk, Şener; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 110043Publication Metadata only The politics of irregular migratory flows in the Mediterranean Basin: Economy, mobility and 'illegality'(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2007) N/A; Department of International Relations; İçduygu, Ahmet; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 207882Because of the irregular migration flows and use of irregular labour in their economies, most Mediterranean countries of southern Europe face administrative battles over the issue of so-called migration management. The main aim of this article is to elaborate how several countries of the northern Mediterranean Basin have experienced irregular migration flows in the past decade. Particular attention is devoted to the process ill which, when economies are in need of labour, international labour flows might be inevitable even if the related rhetoric and policies towards immigration are unsympathetic. This is debated here over the triad of economy, mobility and 'illegality'.Publication Metadata only Enacting multi-layered citizenship: Turkey's Armenians' struggle for justice and equality(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2016) Keyman, Fuat; Department of International Relations; Rumelili, Bahar; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 51356Throughout the history of the Turkish Republic, Turkey's Armenians have been subjected to a trade-off between the limited minority rights granted by the 1923 Lausanne Treaty and equal national citizenship. Traditionally a closed, depoliticized community, the citizenship practices of the Armenian minority have become increasingly differentiated in recent years. Building on a notion of citizenship as multi-layered and constituted through collective practice, this article investigates the implications of the political acts of Turkey's Armenian minority on sub-national and national citizenship in Turkey. We show that Turkey's Armenians are coupling rights demands, identification, normative references, and mobilization at the sub-national, national, and transnational levels in innovative ways, and are thereby negotiating different layers of citizenship in Turkey in a way that strengthens equal national citizenship.Publication Metadata only Negotiating Europe: EU-Turkey relations from an identity perspective(Seta Foundation, 2008) Department of International Relations; Rumelili, Bahar; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 51356This article analyzes the identity dimension EU-Turkey relations from the constructivist perspective in International relation theory. It contends that in EU-Turkey relations, European and Turkish identities are undergoing a continuous process of reconstruction and negotiation. in this process, Turkey's representational practices assume importance in reshaping European identity. in response to the arguments of those who oppose Turkey's EU membership on the identity ground this article claims that a constructivist perspective foresees the possibility that European and Turkish identities can be reconstructed in such a way as to make the Justification of Turkish membership possible and desirable from an identity viewpoint.