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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/3
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Publication Metadata only Why does the combination of policy entrepreneur and institutional entrepreneur roles matter for the institutionalization of policy ideas?(Springer, 2021) Akgunay, Sinan; Department of International Relations; Bakır, Caner; Çoban, Mehmet Kerem; Faculty Member; Researcher; Department of International Relations; The Center for Research on Globalization, Peace, and Democratic Governance (GLODEM) / Küreselleşme, Barış ve Demokratik Yönetişim Araştırma Merkezi (GLODEM); College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 108141; N/APublic administration, public policy, and political economy literatures are increasingly preoccupied with the role of agency in policy and institutional change, and the effects of institutions on the agency of individual actors. However, linkages between policy and institutional entrepreneurship in processes of institutionalization remain a black box. This article aims to fill this void. It contributes to our understanding of processes underlying the institutionalization of policy ideas in the public sector that have not been investigated adequately. Based on an exploratory case study of the introduction and institutionalization of macroprudential policies to contain macro-financial risks in Turkey, this article argues that policy and institutional entrepreneurship processes are inextricably intertwined and fundamental to the institutionalization of policy ideas: the institutionalization of new policy ideas that resolve conflicting institutional logics and facilitate cooperation and/or collaboration in inter-bureaucratic policy formulation and implementation is most likely when an individual agent with the requisite resources and capabilities builds coalitions through combining the policy and institutional entrepreneur roles while undertaking discursive and powering strategies.Publication Metadata only The long run and the short run: temporalities of gender and development(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd) N/A; Department of International Relations; Olcay, Özlem Altan; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 104197This article examines the multiple temporalities of gender and development work through the experiences of gender experts in international institutions of governance. It delineates the immediate encounters between different actors involved in negotiating international conventions and the short-term accountabilities built into development projects and humanitarian assistance. It then maps them onto narratives of the future to show how they produce the appearance of a linear connection between the present and the future, and generate hopes for a long-run future while blurring the fact that the latter never seems to arrive. What holds this multiplicity together is a politics of hope and waiting, which reveals and sustains the power dynamics in these organizations and give clues about the ambivalent relationship between gender and development planning, and large-scale progress toward gender equality.Publication Metadata only Reflections from the conference “Turkey debates its social policies”: a rights-based turn in social policy making in Turkey?(Cambridge Univ Press, 2012) N/A; Department of International Relations; Birelma, Ayşe Alnıaçık; Önay, Ayşen Ezgi Üstübici; Researcher; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; The Center for Gender Studies (KOÇ-KAM) / Koç Üniversitesi Toplumsal Cinsiyet ve Kadın Çalışmaları Araştırma ve Uygulama Merkezi (KOÇ-KAM); N/A; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/A; 238439N/APublication Metadata only Toward a theory of pernicious polarization and how it harms democracies: comparative evidence and possible remedies(Sage, 2019) Mccoy, Jennifer; Department of International Relations; Somer, Murat; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 110135This article compares the dynamics of polarization in the eleven case studies analyzed in this special issue to draw conclusions about antecedents of severe political and societal polarization, the characteristics and mechanisms of such polarization, and consequences of severe polarization for democracy. We find that the emergence of pernicious polarization (when a society is split into mutually distrustful "Us vs. Them" camps) is not attributable to any specific underlying social or political cleavage nor any particular institutional make-up. Instead, pernicious polarization arises when political entrepreneurs pursue their political objectives by using polarizing strategies, such as mobilizing voters with divisive, demonizing discourse and exploiting existing grievances, and opposing political elites then reciprocate with similarly polarizing tactics or fail to develop effective nonpolarizing responses. We explain how the political construction of polarization around "formative rifts" (social or political rifts that arise during the fundamental formation/reformation of a nation-state), the relative capacity of opposing political blocs to mobilize voters versus relying on mechanisms such as courts or the military to constrain the executive, and the strategic and ideological aims of the polarizing actors contribute to the emergence of its pernicious form. We analyze the consequences for democracy and conclude with reflections on how to combat pernicious polarization.Publication Metadata only Transformations through polarizations and global threats to democracy(Sage, 2019) Mccoy, Jennifer; Department of International Relations; Somer, Murat; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 110135This volume collects and analyzes eleven country case studies of polarized polities that are, or had been, electoral democracies, identifying the common and differing causal mechanisms that lead to different outcomes for democracy when a society experiences polarization. In this introduction, we discuss our goals for the volume, the comparative logic we apply to the cases, our overall methodological approach, and the concepts that ground the analyses. The goal of this volume is to explore pernicious polarization, i.e., when and how a society divides into mutually distrustful "us vs. them" blocs, which endangers democracy. Accordingly, we discuss the effects of such polarization on democracies, and start building a foundation for remedies. In this introductory article, we highlight and explain the inherently political and relational aspects of polarization in general and pernicious polarization in particular, present the concept of formative rifts, and discuss how opposition strategies should be part of an explanation of severe polarization.Publication Metadata only How can interactions among interdependent structures, institutions, and agents inform financial stability? What we have still to learn from global financial crisis(Springer, 2017) Department of International Relations; Bakır, Caner; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 108141How national financial systems can avoid costly banking crises is a persistent and intriguing question for institutional scholars and policymakers worldwide. In this context, although considerable research has recently focused on structural, institutional, and agency-level factors in explaining the global financial crisis, it mostly offered each of these explanatory factors in isolation, thus leaving interactions among these interrelated factors incomplete. Building on a deviant case study on Australian exceptionalism examined in a comparative perspective, this paper introduces an integrative framework that views financial stability as a function of these interactions that reinforce prudent financial behavior. In doing so, it offers an insight into the previous research on institutional complementarity and how to guard against similar crises in the future. It suggests that financial stability (instability) is more likely when interactions among structural and institutional complementarities and agents reinforce conservative (opportunistic) banking.Publication Metadata only Temporary star or emerging tiger? Turkey's recent economic performance in a global setting(Homer Academic Publ House, 2008) N/A; Department of International Relations; N/A; Öniş, Ziya; Bayram, İsmail Emre; Faculty Member; Master Student; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering; 7715; N/AThis article assesses the recent performance of the Turkish economy, questioning whether the currently observed unusual boom conditions will lead to a process of sustainable growth. The latest phase of Turkish neo-liberal transformation in the post-2001 era is placed in a broader historical and global context; at the same time, the performance of the economy in recent years is compared with that of other key emerging markets, based on selected macroeconomic indicators. Utilizing the East Asian experience as the principal benchmark for comparison, this paper examines whether Turkey is on its way to accomplishing tiger-like development performance. Given the current challenges to sustainable growth, we conclude that it is premature to suggest that the impressive performance of the recent years will lead to durable success and tiger-like performance. While the focus is on the Turkish experience, the paper also probes the very nature of tigerlike performance itself, highlighting the fact that in setting standards for exceptional economic performance we need to extend our horizons beyond high rates of economic growth sustained over time, to broader indicators of social, political and human development.Publication Metadata only Do voters respond to relative economic performance?: evidence from survey experiments(Oxford Univ Press, 2020) Department of International Relations; Aytaç, Selim Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 224278An emerging literature suggests that economic voting is driven by incumbents' relative performance, that is, how the national economy performed relative to recent past outcomes in the country (domestic comparison) and in a cross-national perspective (international comparison). While scholars have presented macro-level evidence in this direction, to date there has been scant micro-level evidence as to whether voters' evaluations of incumbent competence are shaped by relative performance. This article contributes to the literature by presenting two population-based survey experiments fielded in the United Kingdom and in Istanbul, Turkey. Both British and Turkish voters' evaluations of incumbent competence are affected by information about how well the economy performed in domestic and international comparisons, though Turkish voters seem to react to international performance comparison to a lesser degree than to a domestic one. In both countries highly educated individuals are more responsive to the incumbent's relative international performance. These results provide support for macro-level analyses that highlight the importance of incumbents' relative performance for economic voting.Publication Metadata only Moderate Islam and secularist opposition in Turkey: implications for the world, Muslims and secular democracy(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2007) Department of International Relations; Somer, Murat; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 110135Developing an argument based in theories of democratic consolidation and religious competition, and discussing the reasons for the secularist opposition to the government, this article analyses how government by a party rooted in moderate Islamism may affect Turkeys peculiar secular democracy, development and external relations and how Muslims in the world relate to modernization and democracy. Arguing that secularism in advanced democracies may be a product of democracy as much as it is the other way around, the article maintains that democratic consolidation may secure further consolidation of Turkish secularism and sustainable moderation of Turkish political Islam. Besides democratic Islamic-conservative actors and other factors, democratic consolidation requires strong democratic-secularist political parties so that secularist and moderate Islamist civilian actors check and balance each other. Otherwise, middle class value divisions and mistrust in areas like education and social regulation may jeopardise democratisation and economic modernisation and continuing reconciliation of Islamism with secular democracy and modernity.Publication Metadata only Turkey's responses to refugees past and present(Routledge, 2022) Aksel, Damla B.; Department of International Relations; İçduygu, Ahmet; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 207882N/A