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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/3
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Item Metadata only Malleability of spatial skills: bridging developmental psychology and toy design for joyful STEAM development(Frontiers Media Sa, 2023) 0000-0002-0859-585X; 0000-0002-0190-7988; 0000-0001-9057-7556; N/A; N/A; Ersan, Melisa; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Department of Psychology; N/A; Department of Psychology; Coşkun, Aykut; Göksun, Tilbe; Küntay, Aylin C.; İleri, Çiğdem İrem; Kalaça, Duru; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; PhD Student; Undergraduate Student; KU Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR) / KU Arçelik Yaratıcı Endüstriler Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (KUAR); College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 165306; 47278; 178879; N/A; N/APrevious research has established that advances in spatial cognition predict STEAM success, and construction toys provide ample opportunities to foster spatial cognition. Despite various construction toy designs in the market, mostly brick-shaped building blocks are used in spatial cognition research. This group of toys is known to enhance mental rotation; however, mental rotation is not the only way to comprehend the environment three-dimensionally. More specifically, mental folding and perspective taking training have not received enough attention as they can also be enhanced with the construction toys, which are framed based on the 2x2 classification of spatial skills (intrinsic-static, intrinsic-dynamic, extrinsic-static, extrinsic-dynamic). To address these gaps, we compile evidence from both developmental psychology and toy design fields to show the central role played by mental folding and perspective taking skills as well as the importance of the variety in toy designs. The review was conducted systematically by searching peer reviewed design and psychology journals and conference proceedings. We suggest that, over and above their physical properties, construction toys offer affordances to elicit spatial language, gesture, and narrative among child-caregiver dyads. These interactions are essential for the development of spatial skills in both children and their caregivers. As developmental psychology and toy design fields are two domains that can contribute to the purpose of developing construction toys to boost spatial skills, we put forward six recommendations to bridge the current gaps between these fields. Consequently, new toy designs and empirical evidence regarding malleability of different spatial skills can contribute to the informal STEAM development.Item Metadata only Explaining health misinformation belief through news, social, and alternative health media use: the moderating roles of need for cognition and faith in intuition(Routledge, 2023) 0000-0002-2797-242X; Wu, Yuanyuan; Kuru, Ozan; Campbell, Scott W.; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Baruh, Lemi; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 36113Explaining the spread and impact of health misinformation has garnered considerable attention with the uptake of social media and group messaging applications. This study contributes to that line of work by investigating how reliance on multiple digital media may help support or suppress misinformation belief, and how individual differences in misinformation susceptibility condition this process. Alternative health outlets (AH media), advocating home/homeopathic remedies over conventional medicine can be important sources of misinformation, yet are largely ignored previously. In this study, we first test how reliance on different platforms predicts health misinformation belief. Drawing from the elaboration likelihood model, we further investigate how need for cognition (NFC) and faith in intuition (FI) moderate the relationship between news reliance and susceptibility to misinformation. We conducted a survey in Singapore, Turkey, and the U.S (N = 3,664) to measure how these proposed relationships explain misinformed beliefs about vaccines, genetically modified foods and alternative medicine. We found reliance on online legacy news was negatively associated with the likelihood of believing health misinformation, while the reverse was true for social media and AH media. Additionally, those with both greater NFC and FI were more susceptible to health misinformation when they relied on social media and AH media more. In contrast, neither NFC nor FI moderated the relationship between reliance on online legacy news and health misinformation belief. These findings, mostly consistent across countries, also show that extensive reliance on social media and AH media for news mostly overwhelms the individual differences in predicting misinformation belief.Publication Metadata only The effects of perceived USB-delay for sensor and embedded system development(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2016) Du, J.; Kade, D.; Gerdtman, C.; Linden, M.; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Özcan, Oğuzhan; Faculty Member; Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR) / KU Arçelik Yaratıcı Endüstriler Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (KUAR); College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 12532Perceiving delay in computer input devices is a problem which gets even more eminent when being used in healthcare applications and/or in small, embedded systems. Therefore, the amount of delay found as acceptable when using computer input devices was investigated in this paper. A device was developed to perform a benchmark test for the perception of delay. The delay can be set from 0 to 999 milliseconds (ms) between a receiving computer and an available USB-device. The USB-device can be a mouse, a keyboard or some other type of USB-connected input device. Feedback from performed user tests with 36 people form the basis for the determination of time limitations for the USB data processing in microprocessors and embedded systems without users' noticing the delay. For this paper, tests were performed with a personal computer and a common computer mouse, testing the perception of delays between 0 and 500 ms. The results of our user tests show that perceived delays up to 150 ms were acceptable and delays larger than 300 ms were not acceptable at all.Publication Metadata only Biased perceptions against female scientists affect intentions to get vaccinated for COVID-19(Sage Publications Ltd, 2022) Kuru, Ozan; Yıldırım, Kerem; N/A; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Department of International Relations; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Department of International Relations; Doğan, İsminaz; Baruh, Lemi; Cemalcılar, Zeynep; Çarkoğlu, Ali; Master Student; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/A; 36113; 40374; 125588Based on role congruity theory, we investigated how gender bias may influence public attitudes toward the vaccine in Turkey. Using a between-subjects design, we tested whether an emphasis on the female versus the male scientist as the vaccine's inventor in a news story influenced attitudes about the BioNTech vaccine and vaccination intentions. Partly confirming role congruity theory, three-way interaction results from 665 participants demonstrated that among male participants with a stronger belief in traditional gender roles (compared to males with lower belief), the presence of the female inventor, either by herself or together with the male inventor, decreased the perceived efficacy and safety of the vaccine and reduced intentions to be vaccinated by the BioNTech vaccine. We did not observe such differences for women. These findings highlight how gender bias may influence individuals' information processing and decision making in a way that may have negative consequences for public health.Publication Metadata only Rubbernecking effect of intimate information on Twitter: when getting attention works against interpersonal attraction(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2015) Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Baruh, Lemi; Cemalcılar, Zeynep; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 36113; 40374Social networking sites offer individuals an opportunity to document and share information about themselves, as well as engaging in social browsing to learn about others. As a micro-blogging site within which users often share information publicly, Twitter may be a particularly suitable venue that can help satisfy both of these motivations. This study investigates how viewers react to disclosure of intimate information on Twitter. Specifically, the impact of disclosure intimacy is studied on attention that viewers pay to a Twitter page, reduction in their uncertainty about the attributes of the page owner, and their interpersonal attraction to the owner of the page. A total of 618 adult online panel members viewed one of six Twitter pages that contained either low-intimacy or high-intimacy tweets. Analyses indicated that viewers exposed to the Twitter pages containing high-intimate information paid more attention to the pages, were more confident about the attributions they could make about the page owner, yet were less willing to pursue further socialization with the page owner. Furthermore, attributional confidence mediated and perceived similarity moderated the relationship between disclosure intimacy and interpersonal attraction. This interaction between disclosure intimacy and perceived similarity was such that viewers who considered the page owner to be similar (dissimilar) to themselves were more (less) socially attracted to page owners who disclosed intimate information. These findings suggest that while intimate information shared on a Twitter page draws attention, this does not necessarily result in further socialization with the page owner-an effect we named as the "rubbernecking effect" of intimate information.Publication Metadata only Increasing the packing density of assays in paper-based microfluidic devices(Aip Publishing, 2021) Becher, Elaina; Ghaderinezhad, Fariba; Özkan, Mehmed; Yetişen, Ali Kemal; N/A; Department of Mechanical Engineering; N/A; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Mechanical Engineering; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Dabbagh, Sajjad Rahmani; Taşoğlu, Savaş; Havlucu, Hayati; Özcan, Oğuzhan; N/A; Faculty Member; PhD Student; Faculty Member; Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering; College of Engineering; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; 291971; N/A; 12532Paper-based devices have a wide range of applications in point-of-care diagnostics, environmental analysis, and food monitoring. Paper-based devices can be deployed to resource-limited countries and remote settings in developed countries. Paper-based point-of-care devices can provide access to diagnostic assays without significant user training to perform the tests accurately and timely. The market penetration of paper-based assays requires decreased device fabrication costs, including larger packing density of assays (i.e., closely packed features) and minimization of assay reagents. In this review, we discuss fabrication methods that allow for increasing packing density and generating closely packed features in paper-based devices. To ensure that the paper-based device is low-cost, advanced fabrication methods have been developed for the mass production of closely packed assays. These emerging methods will enable minimizing the volume of required samples (e.g., liquid biopsies) and reagents in paper-based microfluidic devices.Publication Metadata only Partisan bias in COVID-19 conspiracy theories: news reliance and the moderating role of trust in health authorities(Taylor and Francis, 2023) Wu, Yuanyuan; Kuru, Ozan; Yildirim, Kerem; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of International Relations; Department of Psychology; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of International Relations; Department of Psychology; Baruh, Lemi; Çarkoğlu, Ali; Cemalcılar, Zeynep; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 36113; 125588; 40374Neglecting the role of political bias in the public's perceptions of health authorities could be deceptive when studying potentially politicized COVID-19 conspiracy theories (CCTs); however, previous studies often treated health authorities as a single entity and did not distinguish between different types of CCTs. Drawing from motivated reasoning theory, we investigate the politically motivated nature of CCTs by examining their associations with individuals' media reliance, party identification, conspiratorial mentality, and importantly, trust in (politicized or independent) health authorities. In a national survey conducted in late 2020 (N = 2,239) in Turkey, a heavily polarized context, we found that not accounting for political identities shown in CCTs and health authorities could be misleading. While those with a strong conspiracy mentality were more likely to endorse all types of CCTs, party identification and trust in different types of health authorities led people to believe in certain CCTs aligning with their political attitudes. The influence of media reliance on CCTs depended on the level of trust in health authorities, again suggestive of the influence of political partialities.Publication Metadata only Is there a survival processing efect in metacognition?(Springer Heidelberg) Alper; Akcay,; N/A; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Çabuk, Dilan; Yelimlieş, Alper; Eskenazi, Terry; Teaching Faculty; Undergraduate Student; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; N/A; 258780Memory systems serve an adaptive function for the fitness of organisms. A good example of this is the Survival Processing Effect (SPE) which points to increased retention of information when it is processed in a survival context compared to other contexts. Survival processing may also affect metacognitive processes, by increasing confidence judgments as well as increasing metacognitive sensitivity. No previous study, however, has directly examined whether processing information for survival also has an effect on metacognitive processes. Here we ask whether SPE extends to the metacognitive system in terms of both metacognitive sensitivity and confidence bias. In Experiment 1 participants were asked to rate a list of words in terms of relevance in a survival scenario or a moving scenario. In a surprise old/new recognition test, they were given one word at a time and asked to indicate if they have rated the presented word before and state how confident they are in that choice. Surprisingly, the results did not reveal a SPE, which may have been due to high overall performance in the recognition task. In Experiment 2 we increased the level of difficulty of the memory task, which resulted in a robust SPE, but could not find this effect in metacognitive monitoring. Together, these results suggest that survival processing may not affect metacognitive processes in a reliable fashion.Publication Metadata only Machine learning-enabled optimization of extrusion-based 3D printing(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2022) N/A; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Mechanical Engineering; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Mechanical Engineering; Dabbagh, Sajjad Rahmani; Özcan, Oğuzhan; Taşoğlu, Savaş; PhD Stud; ent; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR) / KU Arçelik Yaratıcı Endüstriler Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (KUAR); Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Engineering; N/A; 12532; 291971Machine learning (ML) and three-dimensional (3D) printing are among the fastest-growing branches of science. While ML can enable computers to independently learn from available data to make decisions with minimal human intervention, 3D printing has opened up an avenue for modern, multi-material, manufacture of complex 3D structures with a rapid turn-around ability for users with limited manufacturing experience. However, the determination of optimum printing parameters is still a challenge, increasing pre-printing process time and material wastage. Here, we present the first integration of ML and 3D printing through an easy-to-use graphical user interface (GUI) for printing parameter optimization. Unlike the widely held orthogonal design used in most of the 3D printing research, we, for the first time, used nine different computer-aided design (CAD) images and in order to enable ML algorithms to distinguish the difference between designs, we devised a self-designed method to calculate the "complexity index" of CAD designs. In addition, for the first time, the similarity of the print outcomes and CAD images are measured using four different self-designed labeling methods (both manually and automatically) to figure out the best labeling method for ML purposes. Subsequently, we trained eight ML algorithms on 224 datapoints to identify the best ML model for 3D printing applications. The "gradient boosting regression" model yields the best prediction performance with an R-2 score of 0.954. The ML-embedded GUI developed in this study enables users (either skilled or unskilled in 3D printing and/or ML) to simply upload a design (desired to print) to the GUI along with desired printing temperature and pressure to obtain the approximate similarity in the case of actual 3D printing of the uploaded design. This ultimately can prevent error-and-trial steps prior to printing which in return can speed up overall design-to-end-product time with less material waste and more cost-efficiency.Publication Metadata only Explaining health misinformation belief through news, social, and alternative health media use: the moderating roles of need for cognition and faith in intuitionWu, Yuanyuan; Kuru, Ozan; Campbell, Scott W.; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Baruh, Lemi; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 36113