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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/3

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Department: search.filters.department.Department of PsychologySubject: search.filters.subject.Multidisciplinary sciences

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Now showing 1 - 6 of 6
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    Audible pain squeaks can mediate emotional contagion across pre-exposed rats with a potential effect of auto-conditioning
    (Nature Portfolio, 2023) Packheiser, Julian; Paradiso, Enrica; Michon, Frederic; Ramaaker, Eline; Sahin, Neslihan; Muralidharan, Sharmistha; Woehr, Markus; Gazzola, Valeria; Keysers, Christian; Department of Psychology; Department of Psychology; Soyman, Efe; College of Social Sciences and Humanities
    Footshock self-experience enhances rodents' reactions to the distress of others. Here, we tested one potential mechanism supporting this phenomenon, namely that animals auto-condition to their own pain squeaks during shock pre-exposure. In Experiment 1, shock pre-exposure increased freezing and 22 kHz distress vocalizations while animals listened to the audible pain-squeaks of others. In Experiment 2 and 3, to test the auto-conditioning theory, we weakened the noxious pre-exposure stimulus not to trigger pain squeaks, and compared pre-exposure protocols in which we paired it with squeak playback against unpaired control conditions. Although all animals later showed fear responses to squeak playbacks, these were weaker than following typical pre-exposure (Experiment 1) and not stronger following paired than unpaired pre-exposure. Experiment 1 thus demonstrates the relevance of audible pain squeaks in the transmission of distress but Experiment 2 and 3 highlight the difficulty to test auto-conditioning: stimuli weak enough to decouple pain experience from hearing self-emitted squeaks are too weak to trigger the experience-dependent increase in fear transmission that we aimed to study. Although our results do not contradict the auto-conditioning hypothesis, they fail to disentangle it from sensitization effects. Future studies could temporarily deafen animals during pre-exposure to further test this hypothesis. While audible pain squeaks among rats are relevant in the transmission of distress, it is difficult to disentangle whether animals can be auto-conditioned to the sound of their own pain squeaks.
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    Temporal expressions in speech and gesture
    (The Cognitive Science Society, 2016) N/A; Department of Psychology; Department of Psychology; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Börütecene, Ahmet; Bostan, İdil; Göksun, Tilbe; Özcan, Oğuzhan; PhD Student; Undergraduate Student; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; KU Arçelik Research Center for Creative Industries (KUAR) / KU Arçelik Yaratıcı Endüstriler Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (KUAR); Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; N/A; 47278; 12532
    People use spatial metaphors to talk about temporal concepts. They also gesture frequently during speech. The characteristics of these gestures give information regarding the mental timelines people form to experience time. The present study investigates the expression of temporal concepts on a natural setting with Turkish speakers. We found that Turkish speakers used more metaphoric temporal phrases (e.g., short period, time flies quickly) than words referring to time without spatial content (e.g., today, nowadays) in a session where they talked about people's fortune. Spontaneous gestures were mainly classified as metaphoric and beat gestures and were mostly produced on the sagittal axis, which contradicts with the previous findings. Yet, we also found that people used vertical axis to represent current and future events. These findings suggest that lateral axis may not always be the most common direction for co-speech temporal gesture use, and the pragmatic constraints of the environment may influence the spatial conceptualization of time.
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    The role of gestures in autobiographical memory
    (Public Library of Science, 2023) Aydin, Cagla; Otenen, Ege; Tanis, Selma Berfin; Şentürk, Yağmur Damla; Department of Psychology; Department of Psychology; Göksun, Tilbe; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 47278
    Speakers employ co-speech gestures when thinking and speaking; however, gesture’s role in autobiographical episodic representations is not known. Based on the gesture-for-conceptualization framework, we propose that gestures, particularly representational ones, support episodic event representations by activating existing episodic elements and causing new ones to be formed in the autobiographical recollections. These gestures may also undertake information-chunking roles to allow for further processing during remembering, such as a sense of recollective experience. Participants (N = 41) verbally narrated three events (a past autobiographical, a future autobiographical, and a non-autobiographical event) and then rated their phenomenological characteristics. We found that, even though gesture use was not different across the three event conditions, representational gestures were positively associated with the episodic event details as well as their recollective quality within the past autobiographical event narratives. These associations were not observed in future event narrations. These findings suggest that gestures are potentially instrumental in the retrieval of details in autobiographical memories. © 2023 Aydin et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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    Response to comment on "children creating core properties of language: evidence from an emerging sign language in nicaragua"
    (American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), 2005) Senghas, A; Kita, S; Department of Psychology; Department of Psychology; Özyürek, Aslı; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A
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    Walking through the sensory, cognitive, and temporal degradations of healthy aging
    (Wiley, 2018) Paraskevoudi, Nadia; Vatakis, Argiro; Department of Psychology; Department of Psychology; Balcı, Fuat; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 51269
    As we age, there is a wide range of changes in motor, sensory, cognitive, and temporal processing due to alterations in the functioning of the central nervous and musculoskeletal systems. Specifically, aging is associated with degradations in gait; altered processing of the individual sensory systems; modifications in executive control, memory, and attention; and changes in temporal processing. These age-related alterations are often inter-related and have been suggested to result from shared neural substrates. Additionally, the overlap between these brain areas and those controlling walking raises the possibility of facilitating performance in several tasks by introducing protocols that can efficiently target all four domains. Attempts to counteract these negative effects of normal aging have been focusing on research to prevent falls and/or enhance cognitive processes, while ignoring the potential multisensory benefits accompanying old age. Research shows that the aging brain tends to increasingly rely on multisensory integration to compensate for degradations in individual sensory systems and for altered neural functioning. This review covers the age-related changes in the above-mentioned domains and the potential to exploit the benefits associated with multisensory integration in aging so as to improve one's mobility and enhance sensory, cognitive, and temporal processing.
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    First impressions on social network sites: impact of self-disclosure breadth on attraction
    (Academic Conferences and Publishing International Limited, 2017) Bisson, Christophe; Chisik, Yoram; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Baruh, Lemi; Cemalcılar, Zeynep; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 36113; 40374
    This paper reports the results of two experiments that investigate the relationship between the quantity of information disclosed on an SNS profile and profile viewers' first impressions of the profile owner. Both experiments utilized a 2 (low quantity of information vs. high quantity of information) by 2 (male vs. female profile) design. In the first experiment (n = 1059), the respondents were randomly assigned to the experimental conditions. The results showed that profile viewers were more favorable to profiles of women. Also, both for female and male SNS profiles, higher quantity of information led to more positive ratings of the profile owner. The second experiment expanded the findings from the first experiment in two ways. First, in the second experiment (n = 320), rather than being randomly assigned to the profile gender condition, the respondents could pick the gender of the profile they would review. Second, informed by previous research on face to face interactions which indicate that quantity of self-disclosure can increase interpersonal attraction by reducing the level of uncertainty about relational outcomes, we tested whether uncertainty reduction mediated the relationship between quantity of information presented in an SNS profile and interpersonal attraction. Female profiles were selected more often than male profiles by both female and male respondents; however, there was no difference in interpersonal attraction ratings that male and female profiles received. Higher quantity of information presented in an SNS profile had a significant impact on interpersonal attraction. The results from the second experiment also indicated that while quantity of information positively influenced profile viewers' perceptions regarding the agreeableness of the profile owner, it did not have an impact on viewers' perceptions regarding the dependability of the profile owner. As predicted, the impact of quantity of information on interpersonal attraction was mediated by a reduction in uncertainty levels.