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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/3
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Publication Metadata only Investigating the involvement of fibroblast growth factors in adipose tissue thermogenesis(Istanbul University Press, 2024) Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; Kır, Serkan; Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics; College of ScienceObjective: Thermogenesis in white and brown adipose tissues can be induced by various stimuli, including cold exposure, β-adrenergic stimulation, and tumor growth. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 21 has emerged as an important mediator of thermogenesis. This study investigated the involvement of other FGF family members in the regulation of adipose tissue thermogenesis. Materials and Methods: Mice were exposed to cold and administrated a β-adrenergic agonist (CL-316,243) to stimulate a thermogenic response in adipose tissues. Stromavascular fractions isolated from white and brown adipose tissues were cultured and differentiated into primary adipocytes. These cells were treated with recombinant FGFs. Changes in the expression levels of thermogenic genes and FGFs were determined by real-time quantitative PCR. Results: Cold exposure stimulated thermogenic gene expression in the adipose tissue, which was accompanied by the upregulation of certain FGFs. Ffg9 and Fgf21 were prominently induced in white and brown adipose tissues. β-adrenergic stimulation also upregulated thermogenic genes in adipocytes. Fgf21 was identified as the main responder to the β-adrenergic pathway. The administration of recombinant FGFs to cultured primary white and brown adipocytes induced thermogenic genes, including uncoupling protein-1 (Ucp1). FGF2, FGF9, and FGF21 triggered the most significant Ucp1-inducing effects in these cells. Conclusion: FGF21 is as a prominent inducer of thermogenesis in adipose tissue and a promising therapeutic target against cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. FGF2 and FGF9 potently promote thermogenic gene expression in adipocytes. Therefore, their therapeutic targeting should be considered to enhance energy metabolism in adipose tissues.Publication Metadata only Immunotherapy for lung cancer(Turkiye Klinikleri, 2023) Karadurmuş,N.; Akyürek,N.; Aydiner,A.; Savaş,R.; Sönmez,Ö.; Şendur,M.A.N.; Oyan,B.; Yalman,D.; Yilmaz,M.U.; Yilmaz,Ü.; Göker,E.; Yumuk, Perran Fulden; School of MedicineLung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in men and women. Similar to the approach with other cancer types, lung cancer staging is crucial in planning an effective treatment plan and predicting patient prognosis. Effective immunotherapies for patients with non-small cell lung cancer and non-genomic driver mutations are rapidly evolving. Moreover, anti-programmed death re-ceptor-1 (PD-1)/programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1)-based treatments have become the first-line standard of care. Despite shortcomings, PD-L1 expression level seems currently to be a relatively reliable predictor of the clinical efficacy of treatment with anti-PD-1/PD-L1 anti-bodies. However, additional biomarkers are required to better personalize treatment options for these patients. This review aimed to increase awareness of lung cancer and immunotherapy treatment options, depending on patient and disease stage characteristics.Publication Metadata only Indomethacin affects the inflammatory response via interaction with the rhoa-actin cytoskeleton in THP-1 cells(Istanbul University Press, 2023) Aldogan, Ebru Haciosmanoglu; Bulut, Seyma; Yapislar, Hande; Guncer, Basak; Bektas, Muhammet; Yöntem, Fulya Dal; Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) / Koç Üniversitesi Translasyonel Tıp Araştırma Merkezi (KUTTAM); School of MedicineObjective: Inflammation is a complex reaction present in numerous disorders. Indomethacin, a compound possessing an indoline core, is a Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID) that is commonly prescribed for inflammation and pain. The actin network, plays a major role in cellular activities and it’s regulated by by Rho GTPases has important implications for cellular dynamics and orientation. In this research, we explore the effects of indomethacin on the inflammatory response as mediated via RhoA and pyrin inflammatory complexes using an inflammatory disease model with relation actin cytoskeleton. Materials and Methods: This study used Western blotting to examine the impact of indomethacin on the assembly processes related to the pyrin inflammasome complex and the RhoA signaling pathway in Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated THP-1 cells. Actin-indomethacin interaction was analyzed by Differential Scanning Fluorimetry (DSF). Results: We found that while the expression levels of pyrin decreased, phosphorylated-RhoA increased but overall RhoA levels did not change. The equilibrium dissociation constant (KD) for the G-actin-indomethacin complex was calculated to be 9.591± 1.608 ng/mL (R2= 0.8582) using ∆Tm measurements of indomethacin by DSF. Conclusion: Moreover, the effects of indomethacin on inflammation pathways may provide insight into the molecular mechanisms of pyrin inflammasome formation in various autoimmune diseases.Publication Metadata only Syrians under temporary protection and their acquision of Turkish Citizenship(Istanbul University Press, 2023) Tarman, Zeynep Derya; Law SchoolThis paper describes possible ways of acquiring Turkish citizenship in relation to those Syrians in Turkey who are under temporary protection status. The paper initially provides an overview of the types of international protection statuses under Turkish law following which temporary protection status is examined. Next, the Turkish Citizenship Act is analyzed through the status of Syrians in Turkey. In this regard, initially, the acquisition of Turkish citizenship through kinship and general neutralization are explained, following which exceptional ways of acquisition is elaborated upon. Then, acquiring Turkish citizenship through marriage is explained which is followed by the final section on acquisition of Turkish citizenship through adoption. In providing such explanations, Council of State decisions that reflect the discretionary powers of the administrative authorities as well as the interpretations under the doctrine are taken into account. While certain particularities and restrictions under the relevant laws exist and the discretionary powers of the administrative authorities as well as Turkish public policy concerns may cause obstacles, the Turkish Citizenship Act provides possible legal grounds for the naturalization of Syrians under temporary protection in Turkey.Publication Metadata only Duloxetine in the treatment of women with urinary incontinence: a systematic review and meta-analysis of efficacy data from randomized controlled clinical trials(Galenos, 2023) Murat Uçar; Naşide Mangır; Ömer Gülpınar; Cüneyd Özkürkçigil; Oktay Demirkesen; Tarcan, Tufan; School of MedicineDuloxetine is the only available agent for the medical treatment of stress urinary incontinence (SUI). In this systematic review, we analyzed the efficacy and safety of duloxetine treatment in women with SUI and stress-predominant mixed urinary incontinence (SPMUI). We searched the literature using OVID MEDLINE, Embase and ULAKBIM (Turkish database) databases for placebo-controlled studies on the use of duloxetine in women with SUI or SPMUI. Data on change in incontinence episode frequency (IEF), decrease in the number of continence pads used, increase in voiding interval (minute) and discontinuation rates due to adverse effects and lack of efficacy (%) were extracted. A total of 12 randomized controlled trials were included. Duloxetine treatment results in an 18% decrease in IEF and 16% decrease in the number of incontinence pads used compared to pre-treatment status. It also increases the time interval between the voids by 18 min. Duloxetine treatment was associated with higher treatment discontinuation rates compared with placebo. The reason for discontinuation was related to the side effects of the treatment rather than lack of efficacy. Duloxetine can be an effective treatment option in women with UI based on high-level evidence supporting its efficacy. Further studies with larger patient populations and longer durations of follow-up are required to assess its safety profile.Publication Metadata only Are crypto assets connected to real world shocks? the nexus between terrorist attacks, Bitcoin and NFTs*(Istanbul University Press, 2023) Özdurak, Caner; Sezgin, Firuze Simay; Graduate School of Social Sciences and HumanitiesThis study investigates the impact of terrorist attacks on the price fluctuations of Bitcoin prices and NFT sales. Although the value proposition of cryptocurrencies, Decentralized Finance, and the whole blockchain revolution is a quicker, cheaper, and more transparent kind of finance, various terrorist organizations tend to use cryptocurrency anonymously to finance their terrorist activities around the world by bypassing the banking system of the regulated countries. The analyses reveal that returns of Bitcoin and NFT markets are positively associated with the organization and funding phases of the terrorist attacks but negatively associated with the post-terrorist attack circumstances, meaning that it generates positive abnormal returns (AR) prior to the attack but creates negative AR right after the attack. Furthermore, while the Bitcoin news impact curve (NIC) is nearly symmetric, the NFT NIC is asymmetric, with positive shocks having significantly more impact on future volatility than negative shocks of the same magnitude. Since previous studies claim that terrorist attack news is good news for Bitcoin returns, we will enrich our AR analysis results with NICs results.Publication Metadata only Is meat-free diet related to anxiety, depression and disordered eating behaviors? a cross-sectional survey in a Turkish sample(İnönü Üniversitesi, 2023) Çoşar, Behçet; Zorbozan, Emine Yağmur; Şanlı, Sevda Gümüş; Şentük, Erman; Geniş, Erman; Şentürk, Begüm Güler; Erus, Suat; School of MedicineAim: The foods that we eat don’t just impact our physical health. The link between what we eat and how we feel has become a trending topic. However, knowledge on the effects of diet types on this relation is still limited. The first aim of this study is to reveal the possible link between diet types and eating behaviors, anxiety and depression. Second one is to predict possible variables (demographic, health-related and medical) which cause higher depression scores among individuals following a meat-free diet and an omnivore diet. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire-based survey cross-sectional study was conducted among individuals with a meat-free diet and an omnivore diet (N = 836 with a vegan or a vegetarian diet, N = 519 with an omnivore diet) using an online questionnaire. Demographic, health-related and medical characteristics, The Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire-R 21, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to assess variables. Results: A meat-free diet group showed significantly lower anxiety and depression scores, lower cognitive restraint, lower emotional eating and lower uncontrolled eating than omnivore diet group. Shared predictors of depression were dissatisfaction with physical appearance, uncontrolled eating and smoking in both meat-free diet group and omnivore diet group. Lower cognitive restraint and lower education level were predictors of depression in only omnivore diet group. Conclusion: This study revealed that an omnivore diet may be more associated with anxiety, depression, and some disordered eating behaviors than a meat-free diet.Publication Metadata only Efficacy and safety of ixabepilone in metastatic breast cancer after multiple treatments: analysis based on real-world data(Turkiye Klinikleri, 2024) Akdağ, Goncagül; Doğan, Akif; Yildirim, Sedat; Kinikoğlu, Oğuzcan; Majidova, Nargiz; Bayoğlu, İbrahim Vedat; Kapar, Caner; Erçin, Eda; Alaca Topçu, Zeynep; Guliyev, Murad; Işik, Deniz; Sever, Özlem Nuray; Odabaş, Hatice; Yildirim, Mahmut Emre; Turan, Nedim; Alan, Özkan; School of Medicine; Koç University HospitalObjective: Patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) with a history of treatment with anthracyclines and taxanes exhibit improvement with ixabepilone, a semi-synthetic analog of epothilone B. The present study, therefore, aimed to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of ixabepilone in patients with MBC who have previously received multiple lines of treatment Material and Methods: Patients with MBC who were treated with ixabepilone were included in the present study, which was designed as a retrospective multicenter analysis. Radiological responses were evaluated based on the RECIST criteria, and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) were calculated. The Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.0 was adopted to evaluate adverse events. Results: The analysis of 34 patients revealed a median OS of 10.0 months, a median PFS of 4.2 months, and an objective response rate (ORR) of 28%.The patients treated with ixabepilone prior to the fifth line of treatment exhibited a significantly better response (ORR 50%). In the subgroup analysis based on receptor status, ER+ and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2+) patients presented the longest median PFS of 6.2 months. Conclusion: Ixabepilone demonstrated effectiveness in patients with MBC who had received multiple lines of treatments previously. The results suggest that early treatment regimens or targeted therapy for HER2+ patients could lead to better therapeutic outcomes when ixabepilone is administered. Ixabepilone is, therefore, a viable option for MBC patients who have received extensive treatment previously while maintaining a good performance status.Publication Metadata only Before the West: The Rise and Fall of Eastern World Orders(International Relations Council of Turkey, 2024) N/A; Barıt, Hasan Basri; Graduate School of Social Sciences and HumanitiesIn the last decade, there has been a growing interest in Global International Relations (IR), which calls for a non-Western approach to IR, an endeavor that has produced several books and articles. One recent such work is Before the West: The Rise and Fall of Eastern World Orders by Ayşe Zarakol in 2022. This book differs from other studies on Global IR with its alternative narrative based on the Chingissid world order, which challenges Eurocentrism from an Asian angle with the help of the IR terminology that we use today.Publication Metadata only Determination of factors affecting school life of children aged 7-12 with Type 1 Diabetes: a sample of a university hospital(Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi, 2024) İkiz, Hediye; N/A; Semerci, Remziye; School of NursingAim: This research aims to investigate the factors influencing the school experiences of children with Type 1 Diabetes. Material and Methods: The descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted with 100 children aged 7-12, diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes mellitus. Research data was collected using the \"Diabetes Management at School: Child Questionnaire.\" Descriptive statistics and chi-square tests were used for data analysis. Results: There is a relationship between children's age and receiving assistance with insulin pump application at school (t=21.782, p<0.05). There was no significant relationship between children's HbA1c levels and missing school due to diabetes-related issues (t=0.410, p>0.05). A significant relationship was found between the age at first diabetes diagnosis and missing school due to diabetes- related issues (t=5.141, p<0.05). There is a significant relationship between children's HbA1c levels and experiencing failure at school due to diabetes (t= 16.504, p<0.05). A significant relationship exists between children's age at first diabetes diagnosis and experiencing failure at school due to diabetes (t=16.504 (p<0.05). Conclusion: 50% of those diagnosed with diabetes between ages 0-5 had to miss school due to diabetes-related reasons. 75% of those with poor HbA1c levels experienced failure at school due to diabetes. Children diagnosed with diabetes before the age of five experienced more failure at school. This study concludes that HbA1c level and age at diagnosis are significant factors affecting a child's school attendance and performance. Education planning for the child, family, and school personnel, active involvement of school nurses in education planning, and implementing education programs from the time of diagnosis are recommended./ÖZ Amaç: Bu araştırmanın amacı Tip 1 diabetes mellitus tanılı çocukların okul yaşantısını etkileyen faktörlerin incelenmesidir. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipteki çalışma, Tip 1 Diyabet tanılı 7-12 yaşındaki 100 çocukla yürütüldü. Araştırma verileri “Okulda Diyabet Yönetimi: Çocuk Soru Formu” ile toplandı. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve ki-karetestleri kullanıldı.Bulgular: Çocukların yaşı ile okulda insülin pompa uygulamasında yardım alma durumu arasında bir ilişki vardır (t=21.782, p<0.05). Çocukların HbA1c düzeyi ile diyabete bağlı okula ara verme/devamsızlık yapma durumları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki yoktu (t=0.410, p>0.05). Çocukların ilk diyabet tanı alma yaşı ile diyabete bağlı okula ara verme / devamsızlık yapma durumları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki vardı (t=5.141, p<0.05). Çocukların HbA1c düzeyi ile diyabete bağlı okulda başarısızlık yaşama durumları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki vardı (t= 16.504, p<0.05). Çocukların ilk diyabet tanı alma yaşı ile diyabete bağlı okulda başarısızlık yaşama durumları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki vardı (t=16.504 (p<0.05). Sonuç: İlk diyabet tanısını 0-5 yaş arasında alanların %50’si diyabete bağlı olarak okula ara verme/devamsızlık yaptığı belirlendi. HbA1c düzeyi kötü olanların ise %75’ inin diyabete bağlı olarak okulda başarısızlık yaşadıkları belirlendi. İlk diyabet tanı alma yaşı beş yaşından daha erken olan çocukların okulda başarısızlık yaşama durumları daha fazla idi. Bu çalışma sonucunda HbA1c değeri ve tanı alma yaşının, çocuğun okula devamsızlık süresini ve okuldaki başarısını etkileyen önemli faktörler olarak belirlenmiştir. Çocuğa, aileye ve okul personellerine eğitim planlanması, eğitim programı ve danışmanlık konularında okul hemşirelerinin aktif rol alması ve eğitim programlarının tanı anından itibaren uygulanması önerilmektedir.