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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/3

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Subject: search.filters.subject.Environmental studies

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 21
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    Ottoman lakes and fluid landscapes: environing, wetlands and conservation in the Marmara Lake Basin, circa 1550–1900
    (White Horse Press, 2024) Çelik, Semih; Department of Archeology and History of Art; Department of Archeology and History of Art; Roosevelt, Christina Marie Luke; Roosevelt, Christopher Havemeyer; College of Social Sciences and Humanities
    The study of Ottoman lakes and wetlands from the perspective of management and conservation is an emerging field. Scholars have explored Ottoman strategies for managing agricultural and extractive landscapes, yet detailed investigation of socio-political responses to dynamic wetlands, particularly during periods of drastic climate shifts, requires deeper investigation. Our research on wetlands and lakes moves from the purview of waqfs (pious foundations) to the emergence of the Ottoman Public Debt Administration (OPDA). By examining the shifting perspectives of institutional authority and community responses to it from the early modern period to the nineteenth century, we discuss the complexities of wetland management in the Marmara Lake Basin within the sancak of Saruhan (contemporary Manisa) in western Anatolia. We argue that intimate knowledge of this specific ecosystem played a critical role in mitigating attempts at reclamation and land grabbing and ultimately in developing legal structures of and policies for Ottoman conservation strategies. We situate our discussion within the paradigm of environing made possible by detailed longue-durée archival narratives; these micro-histories afford a dynamic perspective into non-linear responses to ecological and political changes and provide a local lens into the scalar impacts of human agency. © 2024 White Horse Press. All rights reserved.
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    Cultural models of nature and society reconsidering environmental attitudes and concern
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2006) N/A; Department of Sociology; Department of Sociology; Ignatow, Gabriel; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A
    Social scientists have long debated the factors influencing public concern for the natural environment. This study attempts to contribute to this debate by arguing that environmental concern is shaped by both "spiritual" and "ecological" cultural models of nature-society relations and that by distinguishing between these two, we can better recognize the social sources of variation in concern for the environment. An analysis of questionnaire data from 21 nations from the 1993 International Social Survey Program using ordinary least squares regression models shows that spiritual and ecological environmental worldviews have different social bases. Education generally positively predicts the latter but not the former. Patterns of national differences are noteworthy as well. Thus, conceptualizing public concern for the environment in terms of distinct cultural models may be more revealing than focusing on environmental concern as such.
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    On environmental concern, willingness to pay, and postmaterialist values - evidence from İstanbul
    (Sage Publications Inc, 2002) Adaman, F; Zenginobuz, EU; Department of Sociology; Department of Sociology; Gökşen, Fatoş; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 51292
    The authors explore the impact of geographical proximity of environmental problems on environmental concern and willingness to pay (WTP) for environmental improvement, with emphasis on the relevance of Inglehart's postmaterialism thesis on this inquiry. A questionnaire was administered to 1,565 respondents in İstanbul. The Contingent Valuation Method was used to measure WTP. Sea pollution in İstanbul (local issue), soil erosion in Turkey (national issue), and ozone depletion (global issue) were issues chosen for valuation. The sample was separated into three subsamples, with each being presented with only one issue. Individuals distinguish between local and global environmental concern. People with materialist values rather than postmaterialist values exhibit more concern for local environmental problems. However, postmaterialist values determine WTP for improvement in both the local and the global environmental problems. Distinguishing among concern for environmental issues, which are differentiated on the basis of geographical proximity, has relevance for the ongoing postmaterialist values debate.
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    Entwined narratives: Latife Tekin's ecopoetics
    (Palgrave, 2017) Department of Comparative Literature; Department of Comparative Literature; Ergin, Meliz; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 101428
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    Environmental concerns in Turkey: a comparative perspective
    (I B Tauris & Co Ltd, 2017) Department of International Relations; Department of International Relations; Çarkoğlu, Ali; Faculty Member; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 125588
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    Juliana Spahr's anticolonial ecologies
    (Palgrave, 2017) Department of Comparative Literature; Department of Comparative Literature; Ergin, Meliz; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 101428
    This chapter focuses on environmental-political entanglements in Juliana Spahr’s work. The first part examines two place-based poetic essays from Well Then There Now. Whereas “Dole Street” consists of narrative history, photography, and personal memories about the postcolonial city, “2199 Kalia Road” traces the relationship between neocolonialism and environmental decay. Ergin uses these essays to provoke a discussion of the relationship between bodies, ecologies, and politics, and to explore the ways in which postcolonial mili/tourism interferes with Hawaiian ecology. The second part focuses on Spahr’s anticolonial poems from Well Then There Now and investigates material-discursive entanglements in “Things of Each Possible Relation Hashing Against One Another,” “Sonnets,” and “Some of We and the Land That Was Never Ours.” Ergin shows that these poems foreground interconnected systems and irregularities of identification to resist colonial taxonomies and to expose the eco-ontological ambiguity at the heart of all existence.
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    Economic development, environmental justice, and pro-environmental behavior
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Kentmen-Cin, Cigdem; Department of International Relations; Department of International Relations; Çarkoğlu, Ali; Faculty Member; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 125588
    Are a country's environmental attitudes linked to its level of economic development? In recent decades, rapid industrialization and the use of cheaper but older production technologies have reduced environmental quality in less developed countries (LDCs). Moreover, these countries have been disproportionally affected by global pollution in that they suffer the effects while having emitted less than industrialized countries. To what extent are people in LDCs ready to make sacrifices to improve environmental conditions? International Social Survey Program 2010 data reveal that people in LDCs are less supportive of international agreements forcing their country to take necessary environmental measures than are citizens in the developed world. Moreover, they are more likely to think that wealthier countries should make more effort to protect the environment, and are less willing to make personal economic sacrifices or change their consumption behavior to accommodate environmental concerns. These results hold even after controlling for post-materialist values, political ideology, personal income, and several other demographic variables.
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    Economic dependency and environmental attitudes in Turkey
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2005) N/A; Department of Sociology; Department of Sociology; Ignatow, Gabriel; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A
    Studies of public opinion on environmental issues have been influenced by theories of class conflict and of value change resulting from economic security, but not much by dependency theories. This paper argues that the economic dependence of developing nations on wealthier nations and international lending institutions can substantially affect public opinion within developing nations. Specifically, in developing nations, citizens' awareness of their country's dependence on foreign investment and loans, and of the state's limited sovereignty over domestic environmental issues, can combine to tamp down national support for and knowledge of environmental campaigns even when such campaigns find strong local support, and even when environmental concern is generally strong. A review of two environmental movements and of public opinion in Turkey since the early 1980s suggests that an explanation based on dependency theory, rather than on theories of class conflict or postmaterialism, can best account for how economic processes influence public opinion.
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    Latife tekin's urban ecologies
    (Palgrave, 2017) Department of Comparative Literature; Department of Comparative Literature; Ergin, Meliz; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 101428
    This chapter examines the interlaced environmental-political issues in Latife Tekin’s Rüyalar ve Uyanışlar Defteri and Berji Kristin: Tales from the Garbage Hills. Ergin first explores the continuum between urbanization, ecological decay, and ecopolitical resistance in Rüyalar. She then turns to Berji Kristin to demonstrate that Tekin uses waste as an entry point to inquire into the tangle of material and socio-political forces that constantly change the terrain we inhabit. Ergin focuses on waste cultures in marginal settlements and the materiality of waste, respectively, to investigate the movement between the environmental and the socio-political. She argues that both Spahr and Tekin open posthuman subjectivity to affective connections with (non)human otherness without compromising the possibility of political agency and responsibility.
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    Comparative ecocriticism: an introduction
    (Palgrave, 2017) Department of Comparative Literature; Department of Comparative Literature; Ergin, Meliz; Faculty Member; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 101428
    The introduction explains the rationale of the book, highlighting its contribution to ecocritical theory, comparative ecocriticism, and ecopoetics. The theoretical novelty of the book derives from its comparative and cross-disciplinary approach in the first two chapters which investigate the theoretically fertile links between deconstruction, social ecology, and new materialism. Ergin makes a compelling case for a new poetics structured around the concept of “entanglement,” and outlines entanglements in these three strands of thought so as to demonstrate the relevance of this concept in theoretical terms. She then examines the ecological intersections of nature and society through a comparative analysis of the works of the American poet Juliana Spahr and the Turkish writer Latife Tekin. As the first book-length study of comparative Turkish and American ecocriticism, the book responds to the immense need for theorizing about ecology and poetics across new geographical, cultural, and linguistic contexts.