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Publication Metadata only Syrians under temporary protection and their acquision of Turkish Citizenship(Istanbul University Press, 2023) Tarman, Zeynep Derya; Law SchoolThis paper describes possible ways of acquiring Turkish citizenship in relation to those Syrians in Turkey who are under temporary protection status. The paper initially provides an overview of the types of international protection statuses under Turkish law following which temporary protection status is examined. Next, the Turkish Citizenship Act is analyzed through the status of Syrians in Turkey. In this regard, initially, the acquisition of Turkish citizenship through kinship and general neutralization are explained, following which exceptional ways of acquisition is elaborated upon. Then, acquiring Turkish citizenship through marriage is explained which is followed by the final section on acquisition of Turkish citizenship through adoption. In providing such explanations, Council of State decisions that reflect the discretionary powers of the administrative authorities as well as the interpretations under the doctrine are taken into account. While certain particularities and restrictions under the relevant laws exist and the discretionary powers of the administrative authorities as well as Turkish public policy concerns may cause obstacles, the Turkish Citizenship Act provides possible legal grounds for the naturalization of Syrians under temporary protection in Turkey.Publication Metadata only International lawyers as hope mongers: how did we come to believe that democracy was here to stay?(BRILL, 2024) Aral, Işıl; Law SchoolIt is common these days to lament the recession of democracy around the world. The way scholars address the issue of democratic backsliding shows that there is a significant gap between the expectation about democracy's anticipated course of development and the current state of affairs. This article argues that the expectation that democracy would consolidate over time was produced by the progress narrative of democratic governance discourses. Drawing on narratology, it conducts a discourse analysis to demonstrate that today's dismay about the recession of democracy is due to an unwarranted expectation that was created by the progress narrative of democratic governance discourses. It focuses on the periodisation of history in the construction of these discourses and investigates how scholars used the Cold War - post-Cold War dichotomy to create a progress narrative.Publication Metadata only The rights of women in comparative constitutional law foreword(Routledge, 2023) Oder, Bertil Emrah; Law SchoolPublication Metadata only Political parties, elections, and pernicious polarization in the rise of illiberalism(Routledge, 2022) McCoy, Jennifer L.; Department of International Relations; Somer, Murat; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and EconomicsPublication Metadata only Legal problems frequently occur in the recognition and enforcement of foreign court decisions and suggestions for solutions(İnönü Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi, 2023) Tarman, Zeynep Derya; Law SchoolYabancı mahkeme kararlarının tanınması ve tenfizinde uygulamada birçok farklı sorun yaşanmakta ve bu sorunlar yargılama faaliyetlerinin aksamasına, sürecin ise uzamasına neden olmaktadır. Öyle ki uyuşmazlığın tarafları çoğu zaman beklentilerine ulaşamamakta veya beklentilerine ulaşmak pahasına öngördüklerinden çok daha büyük masraflar yapmak durumunda kalmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada, uygulamada yaşanan başlıca sorunlar olan; görevli mahkemenin tespiti, harçlar, yabancılık teminatı, yargılama usulü ve dava dilekçesindeki eksiklikler, MÖHUK m.50 ve devamında belirtilen şartlara ilişkin yaşanan aksaklıklar yahut yorum eksiklikleri, tebligat usulü, geçici koruma tedbirleri – ihtiyati tedbir ve zorunlu arabuluculuk hususları ele alınacak olup bu hususlara ilişkin olarak çözüm önerileri sunulmaya çalışılacaktır. Çalışmanın ilk bölümünde yargılama sürecinin başında yaşanan usulü problemler ele alınacak olup ikinci bölümünde ise MÖHUK’ta yer verilen ön ve esas şartlara ilişkin ortaya çıkan problemler incelenecektir. Son olarak ise uygulamada arz ettiği önem sebebiyle ihtiyati tedbir kararlarının tenfizi ve zorunlu arabuluculuk müessesesinin tanıma ve tenfiz davaları bakımından incelenmesi ile bu hususlara ilişkin çözüm önerileri ele alınacaktır. / Numerous difficulties arise in the recognition and enforcement of foreign decisions, which cause delays in judicial activities and prolong the process. In fact, the conflicting parties often cannot reach their expectations or even have to make much more expenses than they expected to reach the right to a fair trial. In this paper, the problems encountered in practice, such as the determination of the competent court, court fees, security, public order, and enforcement procedure, will be discussed, and solutions will be offered for these problems to be solved. In the first part of the paper, the procedural problems will be discussed and in the second part of the paper, the problems encountered in terms of the preliminary and basic conditions of recognition and enforcement within the scope of Article 50 and 54 of the International Private and Civil Procedure Law numbered 5718 will be examined in detail. Finally, under the titles of provisional measures and mandatory mediation, which are of particular importance in practice, the problems experienced in enforcement and solution recommendations will be evaluatedPublication Metadata only The Turkish constitutional court and Turkey's democratic breakdown: Judicial politics under pressure(De Gruyter, 2024) ; Oder, Bertil Emrah; ; Law School;Under Turkey's democratic breakdown, the Turkish Constitutional Court offers a case study to identify the dynamics of judicial politics in electoral autocracies. Although the Court has been subject to criticism regarding its low commitment to the political pluralism and rights-based approach previously, the current situation presents itself differently. It is marked by a massive erosion in democratic qualities including an abuse of the judiciary against dissents in an unprecedented manner. Yet, the Court is still formally independent and empowered through constitutional norms such as the fixed tenure, retirement age, and jurisdiction in crucial matters. Since the institutional guarantees of the Constitutional Court are untouched, it has still the potential to become a major political player. Therefore, its study may also contribute to the comparative scholarship on the role of constitutional review under new pressures of the third wave autocratization that contraction and expansion dynamics of judiciaries can be better understood. The present study aims to feature the judicial politics of the Court under Turkey's current democratic regression by conceptualizing a resistance-deference paradox on the ground politically significant cases.Publication Metadata only The climate crisis and private companies: how to address the sustainability arbitrage problem(Springer Heidelberg, 2023) Veziroğlu, Cem; Kayıklık, Abdurrahman; Law SchoolIn the presence of pressing challenges related to climate change, there is a wide range of policy proposals concerning the green transition of companies. Although private companies-especially those in the energy sector-have a significant role in the climate crisis, current strategies focus mainly on public companies. Such a single-minded approach to policymaking could give rise to a phenomenon that we term sustainability arbitrage, whereby activities causing climate change gradually shift from public firms to private ones. This may, in turn, create a world where public firms look relatively green while their private rivals become the main driver of activities contributing to the climate crisis. In this paper, we focus on sustainability arbitrage, its manifestations and possible strategies to overcome this problem. We first discuss if the current sustainability-driven corporate governance mechanisms are effective in curbing the sustainability arbitrage problem. In order to prevent sustainability arbitrage, we argue for extending mandatory climate disclosure rules to private companies. We also analyze responsible divestment/phasing out of carbon-intensive assets by public companies as a complementary strategy.Publication Metadata only Interpretation of the scope of international commercial arbitration agreements: a comparison of Swiss and Turkish case law(Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Önay, Işık; Law SchoolDetermining the extent to which parties have agreed to submit their disputes to arbitration is a matter of contract interpretation. It is very rare that an international arbitration convention or national legislation on international arbitration provides specific rules pertaining to interpretation of the scope of arbitration agreements. Therefore, general rules of contract interpretation are usually used as a starting point to construe the scope of international commercial arbitration agreements. Developing specific principles for interpretation is left to courts and arbitral tribunals. This paper focuses on the practice of courts regarding this matter in two countries, i.e., Switzerland and Turkey. The paper firstly provides an overview of the general principles adopted by the courts in the two countries. Then case law in both countries is compared and contrasted with regard to selected scenarios frequently occurring in practice. The comparison of case law reveals how courts' differing approaches to arbitration can make a difference in practice, even where very similar rules are applied. The comparison confirms the reputation of Swiss courts for adopting a pro-arbitration approach. Turkish courts, on the other hand, seem to be more reluctant in construing the scope of international commercial arbitration agreements broadly. This paper argues that the current practice in Turkey does not reflect the legislator's intent and courts should change their practice and adopt a more liberal approach in line with contemporary trends in international commercial arbitration practice.Publication Metadata only Hava yoluyla uluslararası taşımacılığa ilişkin belirli kuralların birleştirilmesine dair sözleşme (Montreal Sözleşmesi) kapsamında tahkim(Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi, 2024) Tarman, Zeynep Derya; Law SchoolBu çalışmada tahkim, tahkim anlaşması, tahkim yeri ve tahkim prosedürü konuları milletlerarası hava taşımacılığı açısından ele alınacaktır. Bu kapsamda, uluslararası hava taşımacılığından doğan uyuşmazlıkların çözümünde 28.5.1999 tarihli Hava Yoluyla Uluslararası Taşımacılığa İlişkin Belirli Kuralların Birleştirilmesine Dair Sözleşme’nin (Montreal Sözleşmesi) tahkime ilişkin 34. maddesi incelenecektir. Montreal Sözleşmesi’nin uygulama alanına ve devlet mahkemelerinin yetkilerine ilişkin kısaca bilgi verildikten sonra tahkim anlaşmasının şekli, tahkim yeri ile maddi hukuk ve usul hukuku kuralları çerçevesinde tahkim prosedürü konuları detaylandırılacaktır. Uyuşmazlık konusunun Sözleşme kapsamına girmemesi ya da uyuşmazlığın Sözleşme’de maddi hukuk kuralları ile doğrudan düzenlenmemesi halinde uygulanacak olan hukukun nasıl tespit edileceği meselesine değinilecektir. Son olarak, Montreal Sözleşmesi kapsamında tahkimin uygulamada tercih edilmeyen bir alternatif uyuşmazlık çözüm mekanizması olmasının nedenleri üzerinde durulacaktır.Publication Metadata only Applicative problems regarding the Turkish certificate of succession(Springer Nature, 2023) Tarman, Zeynep Derya; Law SchoolConsidering the intensifying transnational migrations, multicultural families and the Turkish population living abroad, requesting a Certificate of Succession (the legal document which names a deceased person’s heirs) from Turkish authorities, or the recognition of a foreign Certificate of Succession in Turkey, is gaining increasing practical importance. However, determining the international jurisdiction of Turkish courts for the issuance of a Certificate of Succession containing a foreign element brings up certain debates under Turkish law. The competence of the notary publics in the issuance of a Certificate of Succession is also contentious. In addition, where a Certificate of Succession is requested from a competent Turkish court, the law applicable to succession appears as another issue, especially with regards to the right of inheritance of the surviving spouse in same-sex marriages. Further, the recognition of a foreign Certificate of Succession involves debates and presents obstacles relating to the preconditions and the requirements for recognition. This paper examines the following issues: the doctrinal debates and the problems in practice, with particular attention given to the competent authority to issue a Certificate of Succession in a case with a foreign element, the applicable law in succession cases, and the recognition of foreign Certificates of Succession in Turkey. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.