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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/6
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Publication Open Access An historical geographic information system for Ottoman Studies. The c. 1907 Ottoman Census and Armenian Settlement in Istanbul(Peeters Online Journals, 2020) Ohanian, Daniel; Başkurt, Z. Mehmet; Department of History; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 33267The purpose of this article is to announce the publication of a partial transcription of the c. 1907 Ottoman census that relates to 24,000 Apostolic Armenian Istanbulites and of a historical geographic information system (HGIS), or interactive map, that shows where these individuals lived. Within this framework, the authors first present their argument that an unidentified, microfilmed population register housed in New York is the most substantial portion of this census currently available to researchers. In the second part of their article, they introduce HGISes as tools for the digital humanities and describe the process of creating one.Publication Open Access Memorial soliloquies in post-colonial Rhodes and the ghost of Mediterranean cosmopolitanism(Taylor _ Francis, 2018) Department of History; Rappas, Alexis; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 50773This paper is based on a close reading of Greek and Rodesli (Rhodian Jewish) narratives focusing on the time when Rhodes was under Italian (1912-1943) and then German (1943-1945) rule, the last period when religiously diverse communities coexisted in the island. While Greek historiography seeks to vindicate the island's final integration into the Greek national space, Rodesli memory is meant to preserve the heritage of a community destroyed by the Nazis. Notably, these corpuses make no references to one another. This phenomenon of soliloquy, the article argues, is illustrative of a competitive memory characteristic of recollections of the past in the eastern Mediterranean and challenges nostalgic invocations of a pre-national, cosmopolitan Mediterranean. Broadening the discussion to other post-Ottoman settings, the article draws attention to property redistribution in the aftermath of ethnic cleansing as a major factor in the separation of memory along communal lines. Noting the omnipresence of the figure of the ghost in the literature on the region, the paper finally explores the heuristic potential of hauntology to conceive histories of the region that would be inclusive and yet attentive to the differences in the nature, purpose and reciprocal indifference of the sources and of the asymmetrical relations of power in which they were produced.Publication Open Access Computerized counting of individuals in Ottoman population registers with deep learning(Springer, 2020) Department of History; Can, Yekta Said; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; 33267The digitalization of historical documents continues to gain pace for further processing and extract meanings from these documents. Page segmentation and layout analysis are crucial for historical document analysis systems. Errors in these steps will create difficulties in the information retrieval processes. Degradation of documents, digitization errors and varying layout styles complicate the segmentation of historical documents. The properties of Arabic scripts such as connected letters, ligatures, diacritics and different writing styles make it even more challenging to process Arabic historical documents. In this study, we developed an automatic system for counting registered individuals and assigning them to populated places by using a CNN-based architecture. To evaluate the performance of our system, we created a labeled dataset of registers obtained from the first wave of population registers of the Ottoman Empire held between the 1840s–1860s. We achieved promising results for classifying different types of objects and counting the individuals and assigning them to populated places.Publication Open Access Feature and information extraction for regions of Southeast Europe from Corona satellite images acquired in 1968(Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE), 2020) Stratoulias, Dimitris; Department of History; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 33267The Corona spy programme was a series of reconnaissance satellites which delivered more than 860000 images between 1960 and 1972. Since 1995, the data are declassified and a large historic earth observation archive is made accessible to the scientific community. Despite the large volume of information and the high spatial resolution of the satellite imagery, little has been done in the last 25 years in the context of image processing of this data source, a fact which perhaps can be attributed to the technical difficulties of these primitive images such as the lack of metadata, intense spatial and radiometric distortions, low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and a single panchromatic band. Hence, the photogrammetric challenges to extract useful information are paramount. In this study, we present recent developments arising from our efforts to map settlements and agricultural parcels over the Plovdiv region, Bulgaria from a Corona image acquired in 1968. We, overall, present initial findings from the integration of earth observation into the ERC-StG project UrbanOccupationsOETR and evaluate the usability of such primitive images in feature extraction. We compare the areas corresponding to settlements and correlate them with concurrent population census. Based on the findings, we suggest that settlements and agricultural parcels can be mapped from a Corona KH-4B image with fine radiometric quality.Publication Open Access Koyunun olmadığı yerde keçiye Abdurrahman Çelebi derler: Ankara Eyaleti’nde Tiftik Keçisi ekonomisinin zaman-uzamsal analiz denemesi (1889-1905)(Vehbi Koç Ankara Studies Research Center (VEKAM) / Vehbi Koç Ankara Araştırmaları Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (VEKAM), 2018) Department of History; Çelik, Semih; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesPublication Open Access Savage acts: wars, fairs and empire and a world on display: the St. Louis World's fair of 1904(Oxford University Press (OUP), 1996) Department of History; Drabble, John; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesPublication Open Access Book review: Kein Griff nach der Weltmacht: Geheime Dienste und Propaganda im deutsch-österreichisch-türkischen Bündnis 1914–1918(University of Chicago Press, 2014) Department of History; McMeekin, Sean; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesPublication Open Access Jewish refugees in cyprus and british imperial sovereignty in the eastern mediterranean, 1933–1949(Taylor _ Francis, 2018) Department of History; Rappas, Alexis; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 50773This paper focuses on the use of the British Colony of Cyprus as a clearing ground for Jewish refugees on route to Palestine before, during, and after the Second World War. While acknowledging the historiographical consensus underscoring Cyprus’ renewed strategic importance in the context of British post-Second World War imperial retreat in the East, the article argues that Jewish transmigration revealed new potential uses for the island which in turn contributed to confirm British sovereignty in that possession. Drawing on British and Cypriot sources, the article further shows the transformative impact of Jewish transmigration for Cyprus politics as it induced British authorities, who had established an authoritarian regime in the island in the 1930s, to invoke Cypriot reactions in order to stem the flow of refugees to the island. This paved the way for future policies meant to redefine the relations between rulers and ruled. As the management of refugees coming to Cyprus during the period under scrutiny relied on ever more refined instruments of classification, the paper finally highlights the contribution of Empire to the crafting of official categories to designate people on the move—‘refugees’, ‘illegal immigrants’—which still inform European migration policies.Publication Open Access Sheep go to heaven, (Angora) goats go to hell: a spatio-temporal analysis of Angora Goat economy in the Province of Ankara (1889-1905)(Vehbi Koç Ankara Studies Research Center (VEKAM) / Vehbi Koç Ankara Araştırmaları Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (VEKAM), 2018) Department of History; Çelik, Semih; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesPublication Open Access Developing an automatic layout analysis system for Ottoman population registers(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2021) Department of History; Can, Yekta Said; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; 33267For extracting information from the historical documents, digitization efforts have increased dramatically in the recent decades. Accurate layout analysis will help researchers for developing more robust HTR and OCR techniques which will extract meaningful information from these documents. Variable layouts, low quality and distorted images of historical documents create different problems to deal with when compared to modern document processing. Arabic script features have even more problems for these automatic processing systems. In this study, we have developed a tool for automatically analyzing the layouts of the first Ottoman population registers which are written in Arabic script form. We built a dataset for testing the performance of our system which are chosen from the first population records of the Ottoman Empire between the 1840s and 1860s. We successfully classified two different object types in those documents. / Tarihsel belgelerden bilgi çıkarmak için sayısallaştırma çabaları son yıllarda önemli ölçüde artmı ştır. Doğru yerleşim analizi, araştırmacıların bu belgelerden anlamlı bilgiler elde edecek daha sağlam HTR ve OCR teknikleri geliştirmelerine yardımcı olacaktır. Değişken yerleşimler, düşük kaliteli ve bozuk tarihi belgeler, modern belge işlemeye kıyasla farklı sorunlar yaratmaktadır. Arapça yazılar kendine has bazı özelliklerinden dolayı otomatik işlem sistemleri için daha da fazla sorun yaratmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ilk Osmanlı nüfus kayıtlarının Arap harfleriyle yazılmış yerleşimlerini otomatik olarak analiz etmek için bir araç geliştirdik. 1840’lar ve 1860’lar arasında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun ilk nüfus kayıtlarından seçilen sistemimizin performansını test etmek için bir veri seti oluşturduk. Bu belgelerde iki farklı nesne türünü başarıyla sınıflandırdık.