Publications with Fulltext

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Open Access
The urban renovation of Marseille in Luc Besson's Taxi series
(Sage, 2016) Department of Media and Visual Arts; Rappas, İpek Azime Çelik; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; College of Social Sciences and Humanities
Similar to other post-industrial European cities, Marseille has been going through a process of intense urban renewal over the last 20 years. The symptoms of these changes were indicated in the action film series Taxi as early as the 1990s, when the renewal was beginning to take shape. Four films shot between 1998 and 2007, written and produced by Luc Besson, reflect the urgency felt by the government and commerce in Marseille to promote the city as the Mediterranean capital of global finance and tourism. This article first examines the process of urban renovation in Marseille. After a brief discussion on the city's representation in cinema, the article considers the film industry's interest in post-industrial urban spaces. Finally, it explores how the Taxi series prefigures the city that the urban renewal aspires to: a Marseille rendered more attractive for investments and tourists thanks to increased security measures and sanitised ethnic diversity.
Open Access
Interest rate demands and television viewing-is a single exposure more influential than routine viewing?
(Sage, 2017) Reizer, Abira; Ben Zion, Uri; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Hetsroni, Amir; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; College of Social Sciences and Humanities
This study examined the impact of media consumption, and particularly exposure to television, on decisions regarding interest rate demands. One hundred and fifty-four participants were randomly divided into two groups: in the manipulation group, participants were exposed to a news clip about an Iranian nuclear attack on Israel, whereas in the control group, the participants were not exposed to the film. Both groups filled a questionnaires regarding their interest rate requirements in different situations, their media conception behaviors, and demographic questionnaires. Frequent routine viewing increased the interest rate demands only among participants in the manipulation group, but the manipulation itself did not have a significant effect on interest rate demands. The results are explained in terms of cultivation theory.
Open Access
Aggression and multi-modal signaling in noise in a common urban songbird
(Springer, 2022) Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; Akçay, Çağlar; Yelimlieş, Alper; Önsal, Çağla; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 272053; N/A; N/A
Anthropogenic noise may disrupt signals used to mediate aggressive interactions, leading to more physical aggression between opponents. One solution to this problem is to switch signaling effort to a less noisy modality (e.g., the visual modality). In the present study, we investigate aggressive behaviors and signaling in urban and rural male European robins (Erithacus rubecula) in response to simulated intrusions with or without experimental noise. First, we predicted that urban birds, living in noisier habitats, would be generally more aggressive than rural birds. We also predicted that during simulated intrusions with experimental noise, robins would increase their physical aggression and show a multi-modal shift, i.e., respond with more visual threat displays and sing fewer songs. Finally, we expected the multi-modal shift in response to noise to be stronger in urban birds compared to rural birds. The results showed that urban birds were more aggressive than rural robins, but an increase in aggression with experimental noise was seen only in the rural birds. Urban but not rural birds decreased their song rate in response to noise. Contrary to the multi-modal shift hypothesis, however, there was no evidence of a concurrent increase in visual signals. These results point to a complex role of immediate plasticity and longer-term processes in affecting communication during aggressive interactions under anthropogenic noise. Significance statement Human activity has an enormous effect on wildlife, including on their social behavior. Animals living in urban areas often tend to be more aggressive than those living in rural areas, which may be due to urban acoustic noise making communication between individuals more difficult. In a study with a common songbird, the European robin, we investigated the role of urban acoustic noise in aggression and territorial communication. Urban robins were more aggressive than rural robins, and additional noise in the territory increased aggression in rural but not urban robins. While urban robins decreased their singing effort with additional noise, they did not increase visual signals concurrently. These results suggest that noise can indeed make animals behave more aggressively although the effect may depend on how noisy it is already. These results further our understanding of how human-made noise changes animal communication and social behavior.
Open Access
Corporeal violence in art-house cinema: Cannes 2009
(Taylor _ Francis, 2016) Department of Media and Visual Arts; Rappas, İpek Azime Çelik; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; College of Social Sciences and Humanities
Taking 2009 Cannes Film Festival as a case study this article explores the narrative limits and possibilities of a global movement in art-house cinema: the portrayal of extreme corporeal violence - a movement that ranges from new French extreme to Asian extreme cinema. Cannes 2009 housed a collection of films that display extreme bodily violence, showing acts ranging from brutal rape and dismembering of the body to graphic scenes of torture, genital mutilation and murders. The analysis of a selection of festival films provides an opportunity to track a transnational movement in which graphic scenes of violence become not only a convenient tool to further audience affect, but also a means to reinforce the reality effect. This study, on the one hand, explores how films that display extreme bodily violence as an eruptive force seek memorability in the competitive art-house film market. On the other hand, it suggests that on the eve of the 2009 global financial crisis, showing corporeal affect alludes to the disposability of bodies under a neoliberal economy obsessed with efficiency and adaptability. Hence, the ethical impulse that seeks the production of sympathetic bodies in the audience often goes hand in hand with the marketing of sensationalism.

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