Publications with Fulltext
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/6
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Publication Open Access A principle of universal strife: Ricoeur and Merleau-Ponty's critiques of Marxist universalism, 1953-1956(University of Pennsylvania Press, 2015) Department of Philosophy; Chouraqui, Frank; Faculty Member; Department of Philosophy; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesPublication Open Access Changing life styles - changing competencies: Turkish migrant youth in Europe(Center for Historical Research / Zentrum für Historische Sozialforschung (HRS), 2010) Department of Psychology; Kağıtçıbaşı, Çiğdem; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities"Veranderte Lebensstile - Veranderte Kompetenzen: Turkische Migrationsjugendliche in Europa". This paper examines the plight of Turkish migrant youth in Europe particularly as migration involves social change in terms of changing life styles which require changing competencies. For the migrant youth to be assets, rather than problems, for the receiving society, their full integration into society should be ensured. This requires the enhancement of their cognitive competence and psycho-social development involving the autonomous-related self. Drawing parallels between rural to urban migration and international migration with regard to the experienced social change, the Turkish Early Enrichment Project (TEEP) is taken up as a case in point. TEEP showed that early childhood enrichment through supporting the mothers among rural to urban migrants in Istanbul, Turkey was beneficial for both the cognitive competence and the psycho-social development of their children. The gains were found to be sustained into young adulthood. Similar programs of intervention and support would be highly beneficial for ethnic migrants in Europe, particularly for Turkish-German youth, given the fact that they tend to do poorly in school. Immigrants' positive youth development, involving the enhancement of autonomous-related self, cognitive competence, psychological and socio-cultural adaptation, promises to provide far reaching benefits to the receiving societies, as well.Publication Open Access Book review: Kein Griff nach der Weltmacht: Geheime Dienste und Propaganda im deutsch-österreichisch-türkischen Bündnis 1914–1918(University of Chicago Press, 2014) Department of History; McMeekin, Sean; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesPublication Open Access Jewish refugees in cyprus and british imperial sovereignty in the eastern mediterranean, 1933–1949(Taylor _ Francis, 2018) Department of History; Rappas, Alexis; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 50773This paper focuses on the use of the British Colony of Cyprus as a clearing ground for Jewish refugees on route to Palestine before, during, and after the Second World War. While acknowledging the historiographical consensus underscoring Cyprus’ renewed strategic importance in the context of British post-Second World War imperial retreat in the East, the article argues that Jewish transmigration revealed new potential uses for the island which in turn contributed to confirm British sovereignty in that possession. Drawing on British and Cypriot sources, the article further shows the transformative impact of Jewish transmigration for Cyprus politics as it induced British authorities, who had established an authoritarian regime in the island in the 1930s, to invoke Cypriot reactions in order to stem the flow of refugees to the island. This paved the way for future policies meant to redefine the relations between rulers and ruled. As the management of refugees coming to Cyprus during the period under scrutiny relied on ever more refined instruments of classification, the paper finally highlights the contribution of Empire to the crafting of official categories to designate people on the move—‘refugees’, ‘illegal immigrants’—which still inform European migration policies.Publication Open Access Rock faces, opium and wine: speculations on the original viewing context of persianate manuscripts(De Gruyter, 2013) Department of Archeology and History of Art; Ergin, Nina Macaraig; Faculty Member; Department of Archeology and History of Art; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; 52311One of the most delightful and interesting features of Islamic miniature painting in the Persian-speaking world is the appearance of hidden faces and figures in the background of compositions, which usually consist of rocky outcrops, tree roots or boulders. Scholars have provided different reasons for this feature, from narrative enhancement to the artists' creativity and imagination. Although accepting these reasons as valid, this paper proposes an additional raison d'etre - that is, the original viewing context of the majlis where wine and opium consumption were part of the entertainment, as both textual and visual evidence demonstrates. Based on first-hand accounts of users of psychoactive substances as well as psychological studies on their effect on creativity and visual perception, I argue that opium and wine consumption caused a perceptional shift that rendered the hidden figures even more entertaining than they would have been in a sober state of mind.Publication Open Access Ottoman royal women's spaces the acoustic dimension(Johns Hopkins University (JHU) Press, 2008) Department of Archeology and History of Art; Ergin, Nina Macaraig; Faculty Member; Department of Archeology and History of Art; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 52311In their discussion of space in relation to gender, historians of women in the Middle East so far have focused primarily on physical and visual access. This paper argues that women's acoustic space merits closer consideration, especially since acoustic methods of communication very often could and did exceed the limits of vision and visually bounded space. This argument is based on three different case studies concerning Ottoman royal women of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries: (1) harem women's auditory access to imperial council meetings; (2) common petitioners' auditory access to the mother of the sultan as she traveled by carriage through the imperial capital during her frequent processions; and (3) Qur'anic recitation and prayers as commissioned by female mosque patrons. These case studies have more wide-ranging implications in that they allow for conceptual experimentation leading towards a refinement of the categories of private/public, male/female space, based on the permeability of acoustic space.Publication Open Access European imperial rule through Ottoman land law: British Cyprus, the Italian Dodecanese and French Mandatory Syria(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2022) Department of History; Rappas, Alexis; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 50773This paper focuses on the articulation between property, sovereignty, and the construction of new political subjectivities in post-Ottoman provinces. Drawing on the cases of British Cyprus, the Italian Dodecanese, and French Mandatory Syria, it shows that European sovereign claims on these territories were pursued through the perpetuation of Ottoman land laws and the reorganisation of the judicial system responsible for implementing them. Dictated by the enduring legal uncertainty regarding the international status of these three provinces, this peculiar path to imperium did not deter European officials from working towards the ambitious goal of creating a class of individual peasant-proprietors, protected in their rights by colonial courts. Acknowledging the differences between these projects, their mutual influences, as well as their relative failure, the article contends that they nonetheless impel us to envision the transition from “Ottoman” to “European” rule as a gradual, multilayered process, instead of a sudden break.Publication Open Access An algebraic approach to physical fields(Elsevier, 2021) Fritz, Tobias; Department of Philosophy; Chen, Lu; Faculty Member; Department of Philosophy; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesAccording to the algebraic approach to spacetime, a thoroughgoing dynamicism, physical fields exist without an underlying manifold. This view is usually implemented by postulating an algebraic structure (e.g., commutative ring) of scalar-valued functions, which can be interpreted as representing a scalar field, and deriving other structures from it. In this work, we point out that this leads to the unjustified primacy of an undetermined scalar field. Instead, we propose to consider algebraic structures in which all (and only) physical fields are primitive. We explain how the theory of natural operations in differential geometry-the modern formalism behind classifying diffeomorphism-invariant constructions-can be used to obtain concrete implementations of this idea for any given collection of fields. For concrete examples, we illustrate how our approach applies to a number of particular physical fields, including electrodynamics coupled to a Weyl spinor.Publication Open Access British workers and Ottoman modernity in nineteenth-century Istanbul(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2021) Department of History; Sefer, Akın; Researcher; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesIn the mid-nineteenth century, when the Ottoman state launched an industrialization campaign within the context of increasing contacts between the Ottoman and British governments, hundreds of British industrial workers migrated to Istanbul to work in Ottoman military factories, along with technology transfer from Britain. This article narrates the history of these workers and of the community they established in Istanbul in a period spanning four decades, from the beginning of the mechanization efforts in the 1830s until the economic crisis in the mid-1870s. Drawing on archival evidence from Ottoman and British sources, it analyzes the larger context of British workers' migration from Britain, their relations with the Ottoman state officials and local workers, and their experiences and struggles in the workplace and the city. Although both British and Ottoman historians have largely ignored their experiences due to their marginal numbers and distinct statuses, these workers actively took part in the Ottoman industrialization process, in the development of capitalist class relations, and in the social, cultural, and spatial transformation of the capital city in the Ottoman age of reforms. By means of this analysis, the article aims to highlight the significance of immigrant workers as actors of the history of large-scale transformations in the late Ottoman Empire as well as underlining the role of trans-imperial labor migration in the history of modernity.Publication Open Access CNN-based page segmentation and object classification for counting population in Ottoman archival documentation(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2020) Department of History; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Can, Yekta Said; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 33267; N/AHistorical document analysis systems gain importance with the increasing efforts in the digitalization of archives. Page segmentation and layout analysis are crucial steps for such systems. Errors in these steps will affect the outcome of handwritten text recognition and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) methods, which increase the importance of the page segmentation and layout analysis. Degradation of documents, digitization errors, and varying layout styles are the issues that complicate the segmentation of historical documents. The properties of Arabic scripts such as connected letters, ligatures, diacritics, and different writing styles make it even more challenging to process Arabic script historical documents. In this study, we developed an automatic system for counting registered individuals and assigning them to populated places by using a CNN-based architecture. To evaluate the performance of our system, we created a labeled dataset of registers obtained from the first wave of population registers of the Ottoman Empire held between the 1840s and 1860s. We achieved promising results for classifying different types of objects and counting the individuals and assigning them to populated places.