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Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/6
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Publication Open Access Computerized counting of individuals in Ottoman population registers with deep learning(Springer, 2020) Department of History; Can, Yekta Said; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; 33267The digitalization of historical documents continues to gain pace for further processing and extract meanings from these documents. Page segmentation and layout analysis are crucial for historical document analysis systems. Errors in these steps will create difficulties in the information retrieval processes. Degradation of documents, digitization errors and varying layout styles complicate the segmentation of historical documents. The properties of Arabic scripts such as connected letters, ligatures, diacritics and different writing styles make it even more challenging to process Arabic historical documents. In this study, we developed an automatic system for counting registered individuals and assigning them to populated places by using a CNN-based architecture. To evaluate the performance of our system, we created a labeled dataset of registers obtained from the first wave of population registers of the Ottoman Empire held between the 1840s–1860s. We achieved promising results for classifying different types of objects and counting the individuals and assigning them to populated places.Publication Open Access Feature and information extraction for regions of Southeast Europe from Corona satellite images acquired in 1968(Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE), 2020) Stratoulias, Dimitris; Department of History; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 33267The Corona spy programme was a series of reconnaissance satellites which delivered more than 860000 images between 1960 and 1972. Since 1995, the data are declassified and a large historic earth observation archive is made accessible to the scientific community. Despite the large volume of information and the high spatial resolution of the satellite imagery, little has been done in the last 25 years in the context of image processing of this data source, a fact which perhaps can be attributed to the technical difficulties of these primitive images such as the lack of metadata, intense spatial and radiometric distortions, low Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and a single panchromatic band. Hence, the photogrammetric challenges to extract useful information are paramount. In this study, we present recent developments arising from our efforts to map settlements and agricultural parcels over the Plovdiv region, Bulgaria from a Corona image acquired in 1968. We, overall, present initial findings from the integration of earth observation into the ERC-StG project UrbanOccupationsOETR and evaluate the usability of such primitive images in feature extraction. We compare the areas corresponding to settlements and correlate them with concurrent population census. Based on the findings, we suggest that settlements and agricultural parcels can be mapped from a Corona KH-4B image with fine radiometric quality.Publication Open Access Koyunun olmadığı yerde keçiye Abdurrahman Çelebi derler: Ankara Eyaleti’nde Tiftik Keçisi ekonomisinin zaman-uzamsal analiz denemesi (1889-1905)(Vehbi Koç Ankara Studies Research Center (VEKAM) / Vehbi Koç Ankara Araştırmaları Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (VEKAM), 2018) Department of History; Çelik, Semih; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesPublication Open Access Sheep go to heaven, (Angora) goats go to hell: a spatio-temporal analysis of Angora Goat economy in the Province of Ankara (1889-1905)(Vehbi Koç Ankara Studies Research Center (VEKAM) / Vehbi Koç Ankara Araştırmaları Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (VEKAM), 2018) Department of History; Çelik, Semih; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesPublication Open Access Developing an automatic layout analysis system for Ottoman population registers(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2021) Department of History; Can, Yekta Said; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; 33267For extracting information from the historical documents, digitization efforts have increased dramatically in the recent decades. Accurate layout analysis will help researchers for developing more robust HTR and OCR techniques which will extract meaningful information from these documents. Variable layouts, low quality and distorted images of historical documents create different problems to deal with when compared to modern document processing. Arabic script features have even more problems for these automatic processing systems. In this study, we have developed a tool for automatically analyzing the layouts of the first Ottoman population registers which are written in Arabic script form. We built a dataset for testing the performance of our system which are chosen from the first population records of the Ottoman Empire between the 1840s and 1860s. We successfully classified two different object types in those documents. / Tarihsel belgelerden bilgi çıkarmak için sayısallaştırma çabaları son yıllarda önemli ölçüde artmı ştır. Doğru yerleşim analizi, araştırmacıların bu belgelerden anlamlı bilgiler elde edecek daha sağlam HTR ve OCR teknikleri geliştirmelerine yardımcı olacaktır. Değişken yerleşimler, düşük kaliteli ve bozuk tarihi belgeler, modern belge işlemeye kıyasla farklı sorunlar yaratmaktadır. Arapça yazılar kendine has bazı özelliklerinden dolayı otomatik işlem sistemleri için daha da fazla sorun yaratmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, ilk Osmanlı nüfus kayıtlarının Arap harfleriyle yazılmış yerleşimlerini otomatik olarak analiz etmek için bir araç geliştirdik. 1840’lar ve 1860’lar arasında Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nun ilk nüfus kayıtlarından seçilen sistemimizin performansını test etmek için bir veri seti oluşturduk. Bu belgelerde iki farklı nesne türünü başarıyla sınıflandırdık.Publication Open Access A preliminary attempt to construct a geospatial, multimodal Ottoman transport network for 1899(Koç University Press (KUP) / Koç Üniversitesi Yayınları (KÜY), 2021) Gerrits, Piet; Department of History; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Özkan, Osman; Koçak, Turgay; Faculty Member; Teaching Faculty; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 33267; N/A; N/APublication Open Access Land cover feature extraction from Corona spy satellite images during the Cold War - 1968(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2021) Stratoulias, Dimitris; Department of History; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 33267For 25 years the Corona reconnaissance satellite mission has been declassified, making available an unprecedented historic archive of very high spatial resolution panchromatic images acquired during the cold war era. During the same time, Bulgaria has observed a decreasing and ageing population and a slow agricultural productivity. In this study, we attempt to map the settlements around the city of Plovdiv, Bulgaria based on textural analysis of a Corona image acquired in 1968. We compare the results with information derived from recent Sentinel-2B and Landsat-8 images. We discuss on the discerning capability of the Corona image in mapping settlements and the potential usability of textural analysis in the context of land use and land cover mapping of historical images. Overall, we present the textural analysis of an image from one of the first satellite missions and report on the potential for feature extraction from such primitive satellite products.Publication Open Access CNN-based page segmentation and object classification for counting population in Ottoman archival documentation(Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI), 2020) Department of History; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Can, Yekta Said; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 33267; N/AHistorical document analysis systems gain importance with the increasing efforts in the digitalization of archives. Page segmentation and layout analysis are crucial steps for such systems. Errors in these steps will affect the outcome of handwritten text recognition and Optical Character Recognition (OCR) methods, which increase the importance of the page segmentation and layout analysis. Degradation of documents, digitization errors, and varying layout styles are the issues that complicate the segmentation of historical documents. The properties of Arabic scripts such as connected letters, ligatures, diacritics, and different writing styles make it even more challenging to process Arabic script historical documents. In this study, we developed an automatic system for counting registered individuals and assigning them to populated places by using a CNN-based architecture. To evaluate the performance of our system, we created a labeled dataset of registers obtained from the first wave of population registers of the Ottoman Empire held between the 1840s and 1860s. We achieved promising results for classifying different types of objects and counting the individuals and assigning them to populated places.Publication Open Access Wild Goat style ceramics at Troy and the impact of Archaic period colonisation on the Troad(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2013) Pernicka, Ernst; Department of Archeology and History of Art; Aslan, Carolyn Chabot; Faculty Member; Department of Archeology and History of Art; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 57663The establishment of colonies along the Hellespont by inhabitants of Ionia, Athens and Lesbos is well-known from historical texts. Recently, stratified contexts at Troy as well as other surveys and excavations have yielded new information about the chronology and material markers of Archaic period settlements in the Troad and the Gallipoli peninsula. The archaeological evidence for colonisation in this region is not clearly seen until the late seventh to early sixth century BC when there is a dramatic change in the material culture. Destruction evidence from Troy indicates that the new settlers probably entered a weakened and depopulated region in the second half of the seventh century BC. The Ionian colonists transplanted their pottery traditions and started production of East Greek style ceramics in the Troad. Neutron Activation Analysis of Wild Goat style ceramics found at Troy offers further confirmation for the existence of Hellespontine Wild Goat style ceramic production centres. The Wild Goat style examples from Troy help to define the characteristics of the Hellespontine group, as well as the chronology and impact of colonisation in this area.Publication Open Access 1899 yılı Osmanlı İmparatorluğu için jeomekansal ve çok modlu bir ulaşım ağı oluşturma denemesi(Koç University Research Center for Anatolian Civilizations (ANAMED) / Koç Üniversitesi Anadolu Medeniyetleri Araştırma Merkezi (ANAMED), 2020) Gerrits, Piet; Department of History; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Özkan, Osman; Koçak, Turgay; Faculty Member; Teaching Faculty; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 33267; N/A; N/A