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Publication Open Access Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants(Elsevier, 2021) Zhou, Bin; Carrillo-Larco, Rodrigo M.; Danaei, Goodarz; Riley, Leanne M.; Paciorek, Christopher J.; Stevens, Gretchen A.; Gregg, Edward W.; Bennett, James E.; Solomon, Bethlehem; Singleton, Rosie K.; Sophiea, Marisa K.; Iurilli, Maria L. C.; Lhoste, Victor P. F.; Cowan, Melanie J.; Savin, Stefan; Woodward, Mark; Balanova, Yulia; Cifkova, Renata; Damasceno, Albertino; Elliott, Paul; Farzadfar, Farshad; He, Jiang; Ikeda, Nayu; Kengne, Andre P.; Khang, Young-Ho; Kim, Hyeon Chang; Laxmaiah, Avula; Lin, Hsien-Ho; Margozzini Maira, Paula; Miranda, J. Jaime; Neuhauser, Hannelore; Sundstrom, Johan; Varghese, Cherian; Widyahening, Indah S.; Zdrojewski, Tomasz; Ezzati, Majid; Abarca-Gomez, Leandra; Abdeen, Ziad A.; Rahim, Hanan F. Abdul; Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M.; Acosta-Cazares, Benjamin; Adams, Robert J.; Aekplakorn, Wichai; Afsana, Kaosar; Afzal, Shoaib; Agdeppa, Imelda A.; Aghazadeh-Attari, Javad; Aguilar-Salinas, Carlos A.; Agyemang, Charles; Ahmad, Noor Ani; Ahmadi, Ali; Ahmadi, Naser; Ahmadi, Nastaran; Ahmadizar, Fariba; Ahmed, Soheir H.; Ahrens, Wolfgang; Ajlouni, Kamel; Al-Raddadi, Rajaa; Alarouj, Monira; AlBuhairan, Fadia; AlDhukair, Shahla; Ali, Mohamed M.; Alkandari, Abdullah; Alkerwi, Ala'a; Allin, Kristine; Aly, Eman; Amarapurkar, Deepak N.; Amougou, Norbert; Amouyel, Philippe; Andersen, Lars Bo; Anderssen, Sigmund A.; Anjana, Ranjit Mohan; Ansari-Moghaddam, Alireza; Ansong, Daniel; Aounallah-Skhiri, Hajer; Araujo, Joana; Ariansen, Inger; Aris, Tahir; Arku, Raphael E.; Arlappa, Nimmathota; Aryal, Krishna K.; Aspelund, Thor; Assah, Felix K.; Assuncao, Maria Cecilia F.; Auvinen, Juha; Avdicova, Maria; Azevedo, Ana; Azimi-Nezhad, Mohsen; Azizi, Fereidoun; Azmin, Mehrdad; Babu, Bontha V.; Bahijri, Suhad; Balakrishna, Nagalla; Balanova, Yulia; Bamoshmoosh, Mohamed; Banach, Maciej; Banadinovic, Maja; Bandosz, Piotr; Banegas, Jose R.; Baran, Joanna; Barbagallo, Carlo M.; Barcelo, Alberto; Barkat, Amina; Barreto, Marta; Barros, Aluisio J. D.; Gomes Barros, Mauro Virgilio; Bartosiewicz, Anna; Basit, Abdul; Bastos, Joao Luiz D.; Bata, Iqbal; Batieha, Anwar M.; Batyrbek, Assembekov; Baur, Louise A.; Beaglehole, Robert; Belavendra, Antonisamy; Ben Romdhane, Habiba; Benet, Mikhail; Bennett, James E.; Benson, Lowell S.; Berkinbayev, Salim; Bernabe-Ortiz, Antonio; Bettiol, Heloisa; Bezerra, Jorge; Bhagyalaxmi, Aroor; Bhargava, Santosh K.; Bia, Daniel; Biasch, Katia; Lele, Elysee Claude Bika; Bikbov, Mukharram M.; Bista, Bihungum; Bjerregaard, Peter; Bjertness, Espen; Bjertness, Marius B.; Bjorkelund, Cecilia; Bloch, Katia V.; Blokstra, Anneke; Bo, Simona; Bobak, Martin; Boeing, Heiner; Boggia, Jose G.; Boissonnet, Carlos P.; Bojesen, Stig E.; Bongard, Vanina; Bonilla-Vargas, Alice; Bopp, Matthias; Borghs, Herman; Bovet, Pascal; Boyer, Christopher B.; Braeckman, Lutgart; Brajkovich, Imperia; Branca, Francesco; Breckenkamp, Juergen; Brenner, Hermann; Brewster, Lizzy M.; Briceno, Yajaira; Brito, Miguel; Bruno, Graziella; Bueno-de-Mesquita, H. Bas; Bueno, Gloria; Bugge, Anna; Burns, Con; Bursztyn, Michael; Cabrera de Leon, Antonio; Cacciottolo, Joseph; Cameron, Christine; Can, Gunay; Candido, Ana Paula C.; Capanzana, Mario V.; Capkova, Nadezda; Capuano, Eduardo; Capuano, Vincenzo; Cardoso, Viviane C.; Carlsson, Axel C.; Carvalho, Joana; Casanueva, Felipe F.; Censi, Laura; Cervantes-Loaiza, Marvin; Chadjigeorgiou, Charalambos A.; Chamukuttan, Snehalatha; Chan, Angelique W.; Chan, Queenie; Chaturvedi, Himanshu K.; Chaturvedi, Nish; Chee, Miao Li; Chen, Chien-Jen; Chen, Fangfang; Chen, Huashuai; Chen, Shuohua; Chen, Zhengming; Cheng, Ching-Yu; Cheraghian, Bahman; Dekkaki, Imane Cherkaoui; Chetrit, Angela; Chien, Kuo-Liong; Chiolero, Arnaud; Chiou, Shu-Ti; Chirita-Emandi, Adela; Chirlaque, Maria-Dolores; Cho, Belong; Christensen, Kaare; Christofaro, Diego G.; Chudek, Jerzy; Cifkova, Renata; Cinteza, Eliza; Claessens, Frank; Clarke, Janine; Clays, Els; Cohen, Emmanuel; Concin, Hans; Cooper, Cyrus; Coppinger, Tara C.; Costanzo, Simona; Cottel, Dominique; Cowell, Chris; Craig, Cora L.; Crampin, Amelia C.; Crujeiras, Ana B.; Cruz, Juan J.; Csilla, Semanova; Cui, Liufu; Cureau, Felipe V.; Cuschieri, Sarah; D'Arrigo, Graziella; d'Orsi, Eleonora; Dallongeville, Jean; Damasceno, Albertino; Danaei, Goodarz; Dankner, Rachel; Dantoft, Thomas M.; Dauchet, Luc; Davletov, Kairat; De Backer, Guy; De Bacquer, Dirk; De Curtis, Amalia; de Gaetano, Giovanni; De Henauw, Stefaan; de Oliveira, Paula Duarte; De Ridder, David; De Smedt, Delphine; Deepa, Mohan; Deev, Alexander D.; DeGennaro, Vincent Jr; Delisle, Helene; Demarest, Stefaan; Dennison, Elaine; Deschamps, Valerie; Dhimal, Meghnath; Di Castelnuovo, Augusto F.; Dias-da-Costa, Juvenal Soares; Diaz, Alejandro; Dickerson, Ty T.; Dika, Zivka; Djalalinia, Shirin; Do, Ha T. P.; Dobson, Annette J.; Donfrancesco, Chiara; Donoso, Silvana P.; Doering, Angela; Dorobantu, Maria; Doerr, Marcus; Doua, Kouamelan; Dragano, Nico; Drygas, Wojciech; Duante, Charmaine A.; Duboz, Priscilla; Duda, Rosemary B.; Dulskiene, Virginija; Dushpanova, Anar; Dzakula, Aleksandar; Dzerve, Vilnis; Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk, Elzbieta; Eddie, Ricky; Eftekhar, Ebrahim; Eggertsen, Robert; Eghtesad, Sareh; Eiben, Gabriele; Ekelund, Ulf; El-Khateeb, Mohammad; El Ati, Jalila; Eldemire-Shearer, Denise; Eliasen, Marie; Elliott, Paul; Elosua, Roberto; Erasmus, Rajiv T.; Erbel, Raimund; Erem, Cihangir; Eriksen, Louise; Eriksson, Johan G.; Escobedo-de la Pena, Jorge; Eslami, Saeid; Esmaeili, Ali; Evans, Alun; Faeh, David; Fakhretdinova, Albina A.; Fall, Caroline H.; Faramarzi, Elnaz; Farjam, Mojtaba; Farzadfar, Farshad; Fattahi, Mohammad Reza; Fawwad, Asher; Felix-Redondo, Francisco J.; Felix, Stephan B.; Ferguson, Trevor S.; Fernandes, Romulo A.; Fernandez-Berges, Daniel; Ferrante, Daniel; Ferrao, Thomas; Ferrari, Marika; Ferrario, Marco M.; Ferreccio, Catterina; Ferreira, Haroldo S.; Ferrer, Eldridge; Ferrieres, Jean; Figueiro, Thamara Hubler; Fink, Gunther; Fischer, Krista; Foo, Leng Huat; Forsner, Maria; Fouad, Heba M.; Francis, Damian K.; Franco, Maria do Carmo; Frikke-Schmidt, Ruth; Frontera, Guillermo; Fuchs, Flavio D.; Fuchs, Sandra C.; Fujita, Yuki; Fumihiko, Matsuda; Furdela, Viktoriya; Furer, Ariel; Furusawa, Takuro; Gaciong, Zbigniew; Galbarczyk, Andrzej; Galenkamp, Henrike; Galvano, Fabio; Gao, Jingli; Gao, Pei; Garcia-de-la-Hera, Manoli; Garcia, Pablo; Gareta, Dickman; Garnett, Sarah P.; Gaspoz, Jean-Michel; Gasull, Magda; Gazzinelli, Andrea; Gehring, Ulrike; Geleijnse, Johanna M.; George, Ronnie; Ghanbari, Ali; Ghasemi, Erfan; Gheorghe-Fronea, Oana-Florentina; Ghimire, Anup; Gialluisi, Alessandro; Giampaoli, Simona; Gieger, Christian; Gill, Tiffany K.; Giovannelli, Jonathan; Gironella, Glen; Giwercman, Aleksander; Gkiouras, Konstantinos; Goldberg, Marcel; Goldsmith, Rebecca A.; Gomez, Luis F.; Gomula, Aleksandra; Cordeiro da Silva, Bruna Goncalves; Goncalves, Helen; Goncalves, Mauer; Gonzalez-Chica, David A.; Gonzalez-Gross, Marcela; Gonzalez-Rivas, Juan P.; Gonzalez-Villalpando, Clicerio; Gonzalez-Villalpando, Maria-Elena; Gonzalez, Angel R.; Bonet Gorbea, Mariano; Gottrand, Frederic; Graff-Iversen, Sidsel; Grafnetter, Dusan; Grajda, Aneta; Grammatikopoulou, Maria G.; Gregor, Ronald D.; Grodzicki, Tomasz; Grosso, Giuseppe; Gruden, Gabriella; Gu, Dongfeng; Guan, Ong Peng; Gudmundsson, Elias F.; Gudnason, Vilmundur; Guerrero, Ramiro; Guessous, Idris; Guimaraes, Andre L.; Gulliford, Martin C.; Gunnlaugsdottir, Johanna; Gunter, Marc J.; Gupta, Prakash C.; Gupta, Rajeev; Gureje, Oye; Gurzkowska, Beata; Gutierrez, Laura; Gutzwiller, Felix; Ha, Seongjun; Hadaegh, Farzad; Haghshenas, Rosa; Hakimi, Hamid; Halkjaer, Jytte; Hambleton, Ian R.; Hamzeh, Behrooz; Hange, Dominique; Hanif, Abu A. M.; Hantunen, Sari; Hao, Jie; Hardman, Carla Meneses; Kumar, Rachakulla Hari; Hashemi-Shahri, Seyed Mohammad; Hata, Jun; Haugsgjerd, Teresa; Hayes, Alison J.; He, Jiang; He, Yuna; Heier, Margit; Hendriks, Marleen Elisabeth; Henrique, Rafael dos Santos; Henriques, Ana; Cadena, Leticia Hernandez; Herrala, Sauli; Heshmat, Ramin; Hill, Allan G.; Ho, Sai Yin; Ho, Suzanne C.; Hobbs, Michael; Holdsworth, Michelle; Homayounfar, Reza; Dinc, Gonul Horasan; Horimoto, Andrea R. V. R.; Hormiga, Claudia M.; Horta, Bernardo L.; Houti, Leila; Howitt, Christina; Htay, Thein Thein; Htet, Aung Soe; Htike, Maung Maung Than; Hu, Yonghua; Huerta, Jose Maria; Huhtaniemi, Ilpo Tapani; Huiart, Laetitia; Huisman, Martijn; Husseini, Abdullatif S.; Huybrechts, Inge; Hwalla, Nahla; Iacoviello, Licia; Iannone, Anna G.; Ibrahim, Mohsen M.; Wong, Norazizah Ibrahim; Ikeda, Nayu; Ikram, M. Arfan; Iotova, Violeta; Irazola, Vilma E.; Ishida, Takafumi; Isiguzo, Godsent C.; Islam, Muhammad; Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful; Iwasaki, Masanori; Jackson, Rod T.; Jacobs, Jeremy M.; Jaddou, Hashem Y.; Jafar, Tazeen; James, Kenneth; Jamrozik, Konrad; Janszky, Imre; Janus, Edward; Jarvelin, Marjo-Riitta; Jasienska, Grazyna; Jelakovic, Ana; Jelakovic, Bojan; Jennings, Garry; Jha, Anjani Kumar; Jiang, Chao Qiang; Jimenez, Ramon O.; Joeckel, Karl-Heinz; Joffres, Michel; Johansson, Mattias; Jokelainen, Jari J.; Jonas, Jost B.; Jorgensen, Torben; Joshi, Pradeep; Joukar, Farahnaz; Jozwiak, Jacek; Juolevi, Anne; Jurak, Gregor; Juresa, Vesna; Kaaks, Rudolf; Kafatos, Anthony; Kajantie, Eero O.; Kalmatayeva, Zhanna; Kalpourtzi, Natasa; Kalter-Leibovici, Ofra; Kampmann, Freja B.; Kannan, Srinivasan; Karaglani, Eva; Karhus, Line L.; Karki, Khem B.; Katibeh, Marzieh; Katz, Joanne; Kauhanen, Jussi; Kaur, Prabhdeep; Kavousi, Maryam; Kazakbaeva, Gyulli M.; Keil, Ulrich; Boker, Lital Keinan; Keinanen-Kiukaanniemi, Sirkka; Kelishadi, Roya; Kemper, Han C. G.; Kengne, Andre P.; Keramati, Maryam; Kerimkulova, Alina; Kersting, Mathilde; Key, Timothy; Khader, Yousef Saleh; Khalili, Davood; Khang, Young-Ho; Khaw, Kay-Tee; Kheiri, Bahareh; Kheradmand, Motahareh; Khosravi, Alireza; Kiechl-Kohlendorfer, Ursula; Kiechl, Stefan; Killewo, Japhet; Kim, Dong Wook; Kim, Hyeon Chang; Kim, Jeongseon; Klakk, Heidi; Klimek, Magdalena; Klumbiene, Jurate; Knoflach, Michael; Kolle, Elin; Kolsteren, Patrick; Kontto, Jukka P.; Korpelainen, Raija; Korrovits, Paul; Kos, Jelena; Koskinen, Seppo; Kouda, Katsuyasu; Kowlessur, Sudhir; Koziel, Slawomir; Kratenova, Jana; Kriaucioniene, Vilma; Kristensen, Peter Lund; Krokstad, Steiner; Kromhout, Daan; Kruger, Herculina S.; Kubinova, Ruzena; Kuciene, Renata; Kujala, Urho M.; Kulaga, Zbigniew; Kumar, R. Krishna; Kurjata, Pawel; Kusuma, Yadlapalli S.; Kutsenko, Vladimir; Kuulasmaa, Kari; Kyobutungi, Catherine; Laatikainen, Tiina; Lachat, Carl; Laid, Youcef; Lam, Tai Hing; Landrove, Orlando; Lanska, Vera; Lappas, Georg; Larijani, Bagher; Latt, Tint Swe; Laxmaiah, Avula; Le Coroller, Gwenaelle; Khanh Le Nguyen Bao; Le, Tuyen D.; Lee, Jeannette; Lee, Jeonghee; Lehmann, Nils; Lehtimaki, Terho; Lemogoum, Daniel; Levitt, Naomi S.; Li, Yanping; Lilly, Christa L.; Lim, Wei-Yen; Lima-Costa, M. Fernanda; Lin, Hsien-Ho; Lin, Xu; Lin, Yi-Ting; Lind, Lars; Lingam, Vijaya; Linneberg, Allan; Lissner, Lauren; Litwin, Mieczyslaw; Lo, Wei-Cheng; Loit, Helle-Mai; Lopez-Garcia, Esther; Lopez, Tania; Lotufo, Paulo A.; Lozano, Jose Eugenio; Lovrencic, Iva Lukacevic; Lukrafka, Janice L.; Luksiene, Dalia; Lundqvist, Annamari; Lundqvist, Robert; Lunet, Nuno; Lustigova, Michala; Luszczki, Edyta; Ma, Guansheng; Ma, Jun; Machado-Coelho, George L. L.; Machado-Rodrigues, Aristides M.; Macia, Enguerran; Macieira, Luisa M.; Madar, Ahmed A.; Maggi, Stefania; Magliano, Dianna J.; Magriplis, Emmanuella; Mahasampath, Gowri; Maire, Bernard; Majer, Marjeta; Makdisse, Marcia; Malekzadeh, Fatemeh; Malekzadeh, Reza; Malhotra, Rahul; Mallikharjuna, Kodavanti; Malyutina, Sofia K.; Maniego, Lynell V.; Manios, Yannis; Mann, Jim I.; Mansour-Ghanaei, Fariborz; Manzato, Enzo; Marcil, Anie; Margozzini, Paula; Marild, Staffan B.; Glavic, Mihalea Marinovic; Marques-Vidal, Pedro; Marques, Larissa Pruner; Marrugat, Jaume; Martorell, Reynaldo; Mascarenhas, Luis P.; Matasin, Marija; Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.; Mathur, Prashant; Matijasevich, Alicia; Matlosz, Piotr; Matsha, Tandi E.; Mavrogianni, Christina; Mbanya, Jean Claude N.; Mc Donald Posso, Anselmo J.; McFarlane, Shelly R.; McGarvey, Stephen T.; McLachlan, Stela; McLean, Rachael M.; McLean, Scott B.; McNulty, Breige A.; Benchekor, Sounnia Mediene; Medzioniene, Jurate; Mehdipour, Parinaz; Mehlig, Kirsten; Mehrparvar, Amir Houshang; Meirhaeghe, Aline; Meisinger, Christa; Mendoza Montano, Carlos; Menezes, Ana Maria B.; Menon, Geetha R.; Mereke, Alibek; Meshram, Indrapal I.; Metspalu, Andres; Meyer, Haakon E.; Mi, Jie; Michels, Nathalie; Mikkel, Kairit; Milkowska, Karolina; Miller, Jody C.; Minderico, Claudia S.; Mini, G. K.; Miranda, J. Jaime; Mirjalili, Mohammad Reza; Mirrakhimov, Erkin; Misigoj-Durakovic, Marjeta; Modesti, Pietro A.; Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi; Mohajer, Bahram; Mohamed, Mostafa K.; Mohamed, Shukri F.; Mohammad, Kazem; Mohammadi, Mohammad Reza; Mohammadi, Zahra; Mohammadifard, Noushin; Mohammadpourhodki, Reza; Mohan, Viswanathan; Mohanna, Salim; Yusoff, Muhammad Fadhli Mohd; Mohebbi, Iraj; Mohebi, Farnam; Moitry, Marie; Mollehave, Line T.; Molnar, Denes; Momenan, Amirabbas; Mondo, Charles K.; Monterrubio-Flores, Eric; Monyeki, Kotsedi Daniel K.; Moon, Jin Soo; Moosazadeh, Mahmood; Moreira, Leila B.; Morejon, Alain; Moreno, Luis A.; Morgan, Karen; Moschonis, George; Mossakowska, Malgorzata; Mostafa, Aya; Mostafavi, Seyed-Ali; Mota, Jorge; Motlagh, Mohammad Esmaeel; Motta, Jorge; Andre Moura-dos-Santos, Marcos; Mridha, Malay K.; Msyamboza, Kelias P.; Mu, Thet Thet; Muhihi, Alfa J.; Muiesan, Maria L.; Muller-Nurasyid, Martina; Murphy, Neil; Mursu, Jaakko; Musa, Kamarul Imran; Milanovic, Sanja Music; Musil, Vera; Mustafa, Norlaila; Nabipour, Iraj; Naderimagham, Shohreh; Nagel, Gabriele; Naidu, Balkish M.; Najafi, Farid; Nakamura, Harunobu; Namesna, Jana; Nang, Ei Ei K.; Nangia, Vinay B.; Narake, Sameer; Ndiaye, Ndeye Coumba; Neal, William A.; Nejatizadeh, Azim; Nenko, Ilona; Neovius, Martin; Neuhauser, Hannelore K.; Nguyen, Chung T.; Nguyen, Nguyen D.; Nguyen, Quang V.; Quang Ngoc Nguyen; Nieto-Martinez, Ramfis E.; Niiranen, Teemu J.; Nikitin, Yury P.; Ninomiya, Toshiharu; Nishtar, Sania; Njelekela, Marina A.; Noale, Marianna; Noboa, Oscar A.; Noorbala, Ahmad Ali; Norat, Teresa; Nordendahl, Maria; Nordestgaard, Borge G.; Noto, Davide; Nowak-Szczepanska, Natalia; Al Nsour, Mohannad; Nunes, Baltazar; O'Neill, Terence W.; O'Reilly, Dermot; Ochimana, Caleb; Oda, Eiji; Odili, Augustine N.; Oh, Kyungwon; Ohara, Kumiko; Ohtsuka, Ryutaro; Olie, Valerie; Olinto, Maria Teresa A.; Oliveira, Isabel O.; Omar, Mohd Azahadi; Onat, Altan; Ong, Sok King; Ono, Lariane M.; Ordunez, Pedro; Ornelas, Rui; Ortiz, Pedro J.; Osmond, Clive; Ostojic, Sergej M.; Ostovar, Afshin; Otero, Johanna A.; Overvad, Kim; Owusu-Dabo, Ellis; Paccaud, Fred Michel; Padez, Cristina; Pahomova, Elena; de Paiva, Karina Mary; Pajak, Andrzej; Palli, Domenico; Palmieri, Luigi; Pan, Wen-Harn; Panda-Jonas, Songhomitra; Panza, Francesco; Paoli, Mariela; Papandreou, Dimitrios; Park, Soon-Woo; Park, Suyeon; Parnell, Winsome R.; Parsaeian, Mahboubeh; Pasquet, Patrick; Patel, Nikhil D.; Pavlyshyn, Halyna; Pecin, Ivan; Pednekar, Mangesh S.; Pedro, Joao M.; Peer, Nasheeta; Peixoto, Sergio Viana; Peltonen, Markku; Pereira, Alexandre C.; Peres, Karen G. D. A.; Peres, Marco A.; Peters, Annette; Petkeviciene, Janina; Peykari, Niloofar; Son Thai Pham; Pichardo, Rafael N.; Pigeot, Iris; Pikhart, Hynek; Pilav, Aida; Pilotto, Lorenza; Pitakaka, Freda; Piwonska, Aleksandra; Pizarro, Andreia N.; Plans-Rubio, Pedro; Polasek, Ozren; Porta, Miquel; Poudyal, Anil; Pourfarzi, Farhad; Pourshams, Akram; Poustchi, Hossein; Pradeepa, Rajendra; Price, Alison J.; Price, Jacqueline F.; Providencia, Rui; Puhakka, Soile E.; Puiu, Maria; Punab, Margus; Qasrawi, Radwan F.; Qorbani, Mostafa; Queiroz, Daniel; Tran Quoc Bao; Radic, Ivana; Radisauskas, Ricardas; Rahimikazerooni, Salar; Rahman, Mahfuzar; Raitakari, Olli; Raj, Manu; Rakhimova, Ellina M.; Rao, Sudha Ramachandra; Ramachandran, Ambady; Ramos, Elisabete; Rampal, Lekhraj; Rampal, Sanjay; Rangel Reina, Daniel A.; Rarra, Vayia; Rech, Cassiano Ricardo; Redon, Josep; Reganit, Paul Ferdinand M.; Regecova, Valeria; Revilla, Luis; Rezaianzadeh, Abbas; Ribeiro, Robespierre; Riboli, Elio; Richter, Adrian; Rigo, Fernando; de Wit, Tobias F. Rinke; Ritti-Dias, Raphael M.; Robitaille, Cynthia; Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando; del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez, Maria; Rodriguez-Villamizar, Laura A.; Roggenbuck, Ulla; Rojas-Martinez, Rosalba; Romaguera, Dora; Romeo, Elisabetta L.; Rosengren, Annika; Roy, Joel G. R.; Rubinstein, Adolfo; Ruidavets, Jean-Bernard; Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt, Blanca; Ruiz-Castell, Maria; Rusakova, Iuliia A.; Russo, Paola; Rutkowski, Marcin; Sabanayagam, Charumathi; Sabbaghi, Hamideh; Sachdev, Harshpal S.; Sadjadi, Alireza; Safarpour, Ali Reza; Safi, Sare; Safiri, Saeid; Saidi, Olfa; Saki, Nader; Salanave, Benoit; Salazar Martinez, Eduardo; Salmeron, Diego; Salomaa, Veikko; Salonen, Jukka T.; Salvetti, Massimo; Sanchez-Abanto, Jose; Sans, Susana; Santos, Diana A.; Santos, Ina S.; Santos, Lelita C.; Santos, Maria Paula; Santos, Rute; Saramies, Jouko L.; Sardinha, Luis B.; Sarganas, Giselle; Sarrafzadegan, Nizal; Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu; Saum, Kai-Uwe; Savva, Savvas; Sawada, Norie; Sbaraini, Mariana; Scazufca, Marcia; Schaan, Beatriz D.; Schargrodsky, Herman; Schipf, Sabine; Schmidt, Carsten O.; Schnohr, Peter; Schoettker, Ben; Schramm, Sara; Schultsz, Constance; Schutte, Aletta E.; Sebert, Sylvain; Sein, Aye Aye; Sen, Abhijit; Senbanjo, Idowu O.; Sepanlou, Sadaf G.; Servais, Jennifer; Shalnova, Svetlana A.; Shamah-Levy, Teresa; Shamshirgaran, Morteza; Shanthirani, Coimbatore Subramaniam; Sharafkhah, Maryam; Sharma, Sanjib K.; Shaw, Jonathan E.; Shayanrad, Amaneh; Shayesteh, Ali Akbar; Shi, Zumin; Shibuya, Kenji; Shimizu-Furusawa, Hana; Shin, Dong Wook; Shirani, Majid; Shiri, Rahman; Shrestha, Namuna; Si-Ramlee, Khairil; Siani, Alfonso; Siantar, Rosalynn; Sibai, Abla M.; de Moura Silva, Caroline Ramos; Santos Silva, Diego Augusto; Simon, Mary; Simons, Judith; Simons, Leon A.; Sjostrom, Michael; Slowikowska-Hilczer, Jolanta; Slusarczyk, Przemyslaw; Smeeth, Liam; So, Hung-Kwan; Soares, Fernanda Cunha; Sobngwi, Eugene; Soderberg, Stefan; Soemantri, Agustinus; Sofat, Reecha; Solfrizzi, Vincenzo; Somi, Mohammad Hossein; Sonestedt, Emily; Song, Yi; Sorensen, Thorkild I. A.; Sorgjerd, Elin P.; Soric, Maroje; Jerome, Charles Sossa; Soumare, Aicha; Sparboe-Nilsen, Bente; Sparrenberger, Karen; Staessen, Jan A.; Starc, Gregor; Stavreski, Bill; Steene-Johannessen, Jostein; Stehle, Peter; Stein, Aryeh D.; Stergiou, George S.; Stessman, Jochanan; Stieber, Jutta; Stoeckl, Doris; Stocks, Tanja; Stokwiszewski, Jakub; Stronks, Karien; Strufaldi, Maria Wany; Suka, Machi; Sun, Chien-An; Sundstrom, Johan; Sung, Yn-Tz; Suriyawongpaisal, Paibul; Sy, Rody G.; Syddall, Holly E.; Sylva, Rene Charles; Szklo, Moyses; Tai, E. Shyong; Tammesoo, Mari-Liis; Tamosiunas, Abdonas; Tan, Eng Joo; Tang, Xun; Tanser, Frank; Tao, Yong; Tarawneh, Mohammed Rasoul; Tarqui-Mamani, Carolina B.; Taylor, Anne; Taylor, Julie; Tebar, William R.; Tell, Grethe S.; Tello, Tania; Tham, Yih Chung; Thankappan, K. R.; Theobald, Holger; Theodoridis, Xenophon; Thijs, Lutgarde; Thinggaard, Mikael; Thomas, Nihal; Thorand, Barbara; Thuesen, Betina H.; Timmermans, Erik J.; Tjandrarini, Dwi H.; Tjonneland, Anne; Toft, Ulla; Tolonen, Hanna K.; Tolstrup, Janne S.; Topbas, Murat; Topor-Madry, Roman; Jose Tormo, Maria; Tornaritis, Michael J.; Torrent, Maties; Torres-Collado, Laura; Touloumi, Giota; Traissac, Pierre; Triantafyllou, Areti; Trichopoulos, Dimitrios; Trichopoulou, Antonia; Trinh, Oanh T. H.; Trivedi, Atul; Tshepo, Lechaba; Tsugane, Shoichiro; Tuliakova, Azaliia M.; Tulloch-Reid, Marshall K.; Tullu, Fikru; Tuomainen, Tomi-Pekka; Tuomilehto, Jaakko; Turley, Maria L.; Twig, Gilad; Tynelius, Per; Tzourio, Christophe; Ueda, Peter; Ugel, Eunice; Ulmer, Hanno; Uusitalo, Hannu M. T.; Valdivia, Gonzalo; Valvi, Damaskini; van Dam, Rob M.; van den Born, Bert-Jan; Van der Heyden, Johan; van der Schouw, Yvonne T.; Van Herck, Koen; Hoang Van Minh; Van Schoor, Natasja M.; van Valkengoed, Irene G. M.; van Zutphen, Elisabeth M.; Vanderschueren, Dirk; Vanuzzo, Diego; Varbo, Anette; Vasan, Senthil K.; Vega, Tomas; Veidebaum, Toomas; Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo; Veronesi, Giovanni; Verschuren, W. M. Monique; Verstraeten, Roosmarijn; Victora, Cesar G.; Viet, Lucie; Villalpando, Salvador; Vineis, Paolo; Vioque, Jesus; Virtanen, Jyrki K.; Visvikis-Siest, Sophie; Viswanathan, Bharathi; Vlasoff, Tiina; Vollenweider, Peter; Voutilainen, Ari; Wade, Alisha N.; Walton, Janette; Wambiya, Elvis O. A.; Bebakar, Wan Mohamad Wan; Mohamud, Wan Nazaimoon Wan; Wanderley Junior, Rildo de Souza; Wang, Ming-Dong; Wang, Ningli; Wang, Qian; Wang, Xiangjun; Wang, Ya Xing; Wang, Ying-Wei; Wannamethee, S. Goya; Wareham, Nicholas; Wei, Wenbin; Weres, Aneta; Werner, Bo; Whincup, Peter H.; Widhalm, Kurt; Widyahening, Indah S.; Wiecek, Andrzej; Wilks, Rainford J.; Willeit, Johann; Willeit, Peter; Williams, Emmanuel A.; Wilsgaard, Tom; Wojtyniak, Bogdan; Wong-McClure, Roy A.; Wong, Andrew; Wong, Tien Yin; Woo, Jean; Woodward, Mark; Wu, Frederick C.; Wu, Shouling; Wyszynska, Justyna; Xu, Haiquan; Xu, Liang; Yaacob, Nor Azwany; Yan, Weili; Yang, Ling; Yang, Xiaoguang; Yang, Yang; Yasuharu, Tabara; Ye, Xingwang; Yiallouros, Panayiotis K.; Yoosefi, Moein; Yoshihara, Akihiro; You, San-Lin; Younger-Coleman, Novie O.; Yusoff, Ahmad Faudzi; Zainuddin, Ahmad A.; Zakavi, Seyed Rasoul; Zamani, Farhad; Zambon, Sabina; Zampelas, Antonis; Elisa Zapata, Maria; Zaw, Ko Ko; Zdrojewski, Tomasz; Zejglicova, Kristyna; Vrkic, Tajana Zeljkovic; Zeng, Yi; Zhang, Luxia; Zhang, Zhen-Yu; Zhao, Dong; Zhao, Ming-Hui; Zhen, Shiqi; Zheng, Yingfeng; Zholdin, Bekbolat; Zhu, Dan; Zins, Marie; Zitt, Emanuel; Zocalo, Yanina; Zoghlami, Nada; Zuniga Cisneros, Julio.; Sakarya, Sibel; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; 172028Background: hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods: we used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings: the number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings.Publication Open Access Assessment of the optic nerve, optic disc, and perineural area using shear-wave elastography in patients with multiple sclerosis(Wiley, 2021) Şahin Ediz, Suna; Atalay, Başak; Aydın Cantürk, İlknur; Kabaalioğlu, Adnan; Faculty Member; Koç University HospitalPurpose: to observe and describe the stiffness changes of the optic nerve in the patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with or without optic neuritis and healthy adults via shear wave elastography (SWE). Methods: 70 optic nerves from 35 patients with MS and 60 optic nerves from 30 healthy subjects were included prospectively in the study. The optic nerve (ON), optic disc (OD), and perineural area were evaluated with SWE and optic nerve sheat diameter (ONSD) was measured by ultrasound. Results: The mean age of patients was 39.68 +/- 9.99 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of ONSD, SWE ON, SWE OD, and SWE perineural area levels (P > .05). In the MS group; No statistically significant difference was found between patients with and without optic neuritis for the mean age, gender distribution, duration of MS, types of MS, ONSD, SWE ON, SWE OD, SWE perineural area, and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores (P > .05). No statistically significant difference in terms of ONSD, SWE ON, SWE OD, and SWE perineural area between the MS patients with or without optic neuritis and the control group (P > .05). Conclusion: shear wave elastography measurements of the optic nerve, optic disc, and perineural area do not contribute to the evaluation of optic neuritis in a patient with MS.Publication Open Access COVID-19 booster doses in pregnancy and global vaccine equity(Elsevier, 2022) Magee, L.A.; Von Dadelszen, P.; Heath, P.; Khalil A; Kalafat, Erkan; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; 197389Publication Open Access Pathology associated with adherent perirenal fat and its clinical effect(Wiley, 2021) Ceyhan, Erman; İleri, Fatih; Akı, Fazıl Tuncay; Yazıcı, Mustafa Sertaç; Karçaaltıncaba, Muşturay; Bilen, Cenk Yücel; Baydar, Dilek Ertoy; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; 8025Introduction: the dissection of perirenal fat is of critical importance to kidney surgery and ease of dissection is more important when using minimally invasive approaches. This study aimed to determine the clinical, radiological, and pathological significance of adherent perirenal fat (APF). Materials and methods: this prospective study included 22 patients scheduled for partial nephrectomy and 40 patients for donor nephrectomy. Intraoperative fat dissection time was recorded, and the complexity of perirenal fat dissection was surgeon-classified as easy, moderate, and difficult. Perirenal fat and subcutaneous fat thickness were measured. Measurement of perirenal fat depth and the Hounsfield unit (HU) for both perirenal and subcutaneous fields were performed using computed tomography (CT) images. All specimens were submitted for histopatological analysis. Researchers in each arm were blinded to other researchers' data. Results: mean age of the patients was 51.3 +/- 12.7 years. Mean perirenal fat dissection time was 15.0 +/- 13.5 minutes. Patient demographics, BMI, nor occupational status differed between the 3 complexity of perirenal fat dissection groups. Radiological findings showed that there was a significant correlation between perirenal fat depth and complexity of perirenal fat dissection (P < .05), but not with HU measurements or subcutaneous fat thickness. Surgeon classification of the complexity of perirenal fat dissection was in accordance with the duration of dissection (P < .05). Perinephric fat contained more fibrous tissue in the patients with histologically proven APF than in those without (P < .05). Conclusions: APF is a challenge during kidney surgery. Difficult dissection prolongs the duration of perirenal fat dissection and surgery. Perirenal fat thickness measured via preoperative CT might be used to predict APF.Publication Open Access Clinicopathologic and prognostic features in gallbladder malignancies: retrospective analysis of 5206 cases(Galenos Yayınevi, 2019) Ferhatoglu, Murat Ferhat; Kıvılcım, Taner; Kartal, Abdulcabbar; Gürkan, Alp; N/A; Şenol, Kazım; Doctor; School of MedicineAim: Gallbladder cancer is the sixth most common cancer of the gastrointestinal system. Clinical presentation may not be distinguished from cholelithiasis or cholecystitis and most patients are diagnosed intraoperatively or in the postoperative histologic examination. In this study, we aimed to investigate the association of incidentally detected gallbladder cancer with gallbladder premalignant lesions, age, gender, ultrasonography features and gallbladder stones. Methods: demographic and clinical characteristics and pathology results of 5206 patients who underwent cholecystectomy between January 2012 and December 2015 were evaluated retrospectively. Results: three thousand eight hundred and eighty four (74.6%) patients were female. Pathologic reports showed pre-malignant and malignant lesions in 102 (1.95%) cases. Metaplasia was significantly more common in females, while no significant difference was found in development of dysplasia and cancer between genders. Gallbladder stone was found to be a risk factor for the development of metaplasia. Gallbladder wall thickening and advanced age are the most important risk factors for gallbladder cancer. Conclusion: female gender and gallstone are important risk factors for the development of metaplasia. Advanced age, gallstone and gallbladder wall thickening on ultrasonography are the most important factors in the development cancer. Cholecystectomy should be kept in mind as the most effective method to prevent cancer development in elderly patients with gallbladder stones. / Amaç: safra kesesi kanseri, gastrointestinal sistemin en yaygın altıncı kanseridir. Klinik prezentasyon safra kesesi taşı veya kolesistitden ayırt edilemez ve çoğu hasta intraoperatif veya postoperatif histolojik incelemede tanı alır. Bu çalışmada, insidental olarak tespit edilmiş safra kesesi kanserli olguların safra kesesi pre-malign lezyonları, yaş, cinsiyet, ultrasonografi özellikleri ve safra kesesi taşı ile ilişkisi araştırılmıştır. Yöntemler: Ocak 2012-Aralık 2015 tarihleri arasında kolesistektomi uygulanan 5206 hastanın demografik ve klinik özellikleri, patoloji sonuçları retrospektif olarak değerlendirildi. Bulgular: hastaların 3884’ü (%74,6) kadındı. Patoloji raporlarında 102 (%1,95) olguda pre-malign ve malign lezyonlar olduğu tespit edildi. Metaplazi kadınlarda anlamlı olarak daha fazla iken, displazi ve kanser gelişimi arasında cinsiyete göre anlamlı bir fark bulunamadı. Safra kesesi taşı metaplazi gelişiminde bir risk faktörü olarak bulundu. Safra kesesi duvar kalınlaşmasının ve ileri yaşın safra kesesi kanseri gelişimi için en önemli risk faktörleri olduğu tespit edildi. Sonuç: metaplazi gelişiminde kadın cinsiyet ve taş varlığı önemli faktörlerdir. Ultrasonografide safra kesesi duvar kalınlaşması, ileri yaş, safra kesesinde taşı varlığı kanser gelişiminde en önemli faktörlerdir. Kolesistektomi, ileri yaşta safra kesesi taşı olan hastalarda kanser gelişimini önlemek için en etkili yöntem olarak akılda tutulmalıdır.Publication Open Access Molecular characterization of hepatitis B virus strains isolated from chronic hepatitis B patients in southeastern region of Turkey(Galenos Yayınevi, 2019) Aydın, Mehtap; Sayan, Murat; Akhan, Sıla; N/A; Tekin, Süda; Faculty Member; School of MedicineObjectives: the aim of the present study was to assess the molecular aspects of HBV strains isolated from chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients, in the Southeastern region of Turkey. Materials and methods: the study involved a total of 110 patients, 57 of them were treatment naive. 53 were undergoing nucleos(t)ide analogue (NUC) therapy, whom were diagnosed with CHB between July 2010 and April 2011 in the Southeastern region of Turkey. We analysed the HBV pol gene by amplification and direct sequencing with using polymerase chain reaction. Results: the phylogenetic and genotype analysis showed that all (100%) of the patients were infected with HBV genotype D. The prevalence of antiviral drug-associated potential vaccine-escape mutant was 10.5% among treatment naive and 15% NUC therapy group. S gene mutation among treatment naive group and NUC therapy group were 19% and 26.4%. Conclusion: determination of genotypes/subgenotypes of HBV may provide robust epidemiological data related to their circulation as well as their transmissibility. However, the findings of HBV pol gene mutations may be helpful in the management of rescue strategies in NUCs resistant patients in Southeastern region of Turkey. / Amaç: Türkiye’deki hepatit B enfeksiyonunun prevalansı Güneydoğu Bölgesi’nde diğer bölgelere göre daha yüksektir. Hepatit B genomundaki mutasyonlar kronik hepatit B hastalarının tanı ve tedavisinde güçlüklere sebep olmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, yüksek endemisiteye neden olan sebeplerinin ve belirli bir suşun bölgede yaygın olup olmadığının değerlendirilmesidir. Gereç ve yöntemler: Haziran 2010 ve Nisan 2011 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu Bölgesi’nde kronik hepatit B tanısı alan toplam 110 hasta çalışmaya katıldı. Hastaların 57’si tedavi deneyimsiz iken 53’ü nükleosid analog (NUC) tedavisi almaktaydı. HBV pol geni amplifikasyon ve direct sekanslama polimeraz zincir reaksiyonu ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: HBV virusunun filogenetik ve genotip analizi sonucunda hastaların hepsinin (%100) HBV genotip D ile enfekte olduğu görüldü. Antiviral ilaç ilişkili potansiyel aşı kaçak mutantlarının prevalansının tedavi deneyimsiz grupta %10,5 NUC tedavisi alan grupta %15 olduğu bulundu. S gen mutasyonu tedavi deneyimsiz grupta ve NUC tedavisi alan grupta sırasıyla %19 ve %26,4 olarak saptandı. Sonuç: HBV’nin genotip/subgenotip tayini, virusun yaygınlığı ve bulaşıcılığı hakkında güçlü epidemiyolojik veriler sağlayabilir. Bununla birlikte HBV pol gen mutasyonları ile ilgili bu bulgular, Türkiye’nin Güneydoğu bölgesindeki NUC dirençli hepatit B hastalarında tedavi stratejilerinin yönetiminde yararlı olabilir.Publication Open Access Intravenous iron and maintenance hemodialysis(Massachusetts Medical Society (MMS), 2019) Afşar, Barış; Afşar, Rengin Elsürer; N/A; Kanbay, Mehmet; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; 110580Publication Open Access Clinicalopathological evaluation of soft tissue myxofibrosarcoma(Çukurova Üniversitesi, 2021) Erdoğan, Kıvılcım; Karabağ, Sevil; Gamlı, Alper; Gönlüşen, Gülfiliz; Özbarlas, Hilmi Serdar; Deveci, Mehmet Ali; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; 206311Purpose: the aim of this study is to evaluate the relationship between the clinical course of these tumors by emphasizing the epidemiological data as well as the pathological features of different myxofibrosarcoma cases. Materials and methods: 22 cases of myxofibrosarcoma were included in the single center study. Age, gender, tumor location, size, histopathological features as well as treatment modalities and clinical follow-up of the cases were also evaluated. Additional immunohistochemical studies were applied for the differential diagnosis in pathological evaluation. Results: the mean age of the patients was 54 years old and there is no sex predilection. The extremities are the most common location. Deep located myxofibrosarcoma were highly aggressive unlike superficial counterparts. The grade given as a result of pathological examination is closely related to the clinical course. Since the mean recurrence period is 16 months, long term follow up is required. Recurrence is present in all metastatic cases. Death from the disease occurred only in those with a higher grade. Conclusion: myxofibrosarcomas are rarely seen but diagnostically challenging. Accurate diagnosis is essential to differentiate myxofibrosarcoma from other pleomorphic sarcomas, and to manage the treatment of patients since it may mimic even reactive lesions by histop athologic ally. Superficial and low grade myxofibrosarcoma of present study showed excellent prognosis and it has been presented as a contribution to the literature that these patients may have a good prognosis with correct diagnosis and treatment. / Amaç: bu çalışmada amaç, farklı mikzofibrosarkom vakalarının epidemiyolojik verileri yanı sıra patolojik özelliklerini vurgulayarak bu tümörlerin klinik gidişi ile ilişkisini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: tek merkezli çalışmaya 22 mikzofibrosarkom olgusu dahil edilmiştir. Olguların yaş, cinsiyet, tümör yerleşimi, çapı, histopatolojik özellikleri yanı sıra tedavi yöntemleri, klinik takibi de araştırılmıştır. Patoloji değerlendirmesinde ayırıcı tanıya yönelik ek immünohistokimyasal çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Bulgular: bu seride ortalama yaş 54 olup kadın-erkek oranı eşittir. Ekstremiteler en sık yerleşim yeridir. Yüzeyel yerleşmiş tümörler, derin yerleşim gösterenlere kıyasla belirgin olarak iyi seyretmektedir. Patolojik değerlendirme sonucu verilen grade ile klinik gidiş yakın ilişkilidir. Ortalama rekürrens süresi 16 ay olduğu için olguların uzun dönem takibi gereklidir. Metastaz görülen tüm olgularda öncesinde rekürrens mevcuttur. Hastalıktan ölüm sadece yüksek dereceli olanlarda gerçekleşmiştir. Sonuç: sonuçta bu tümörler çok nadir görülmekle birlikte tanıda zorluk yaratması bakımından önem teşkil etmektedir. Histopatolojik olarak reaktif lezyonlarla bile karışabilmesi nedeniyle doğru tanı koymak hasta yönetiminde şarttır. Bu tümör grubunda bizim serimizde yüzeyel olanlar ve derecesi düşük olanlar çok iyi seyirli olup, doğru tanı ve tedavi ile bu hastaların iyi prognozlu da olabileceği literatüre katkı olarak sunulmuştur.Publication Open Access Evaluation of hydrogen peroxide-assisted endoscopic ultrasonography-guided necrosectomy in walled-off pancreatic necrosis: a single-center experience(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins (LWW), 2021) Günay, Süleyman; Paköz, Betül; Çekiç, Cem; Çamyar, Hakan; Yüksel, Elif Sarıtaş; Topal, Firdevs; Binicier, Ömer Burçak; Alper, Emrah; Faculty Member; School of MedicineHydrogen peroxide is a liquid that functions in mechanical removal of the necrotic tissue via the elimination of tissue debris. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the use of hydrogen peroxide in necrosectomy treatment of walled-off pancreatic necrosis. Records of 24 patients who were diagnosed with pancreatic necrosis or walled-off pancreatic necrosis and underwent endoscopic necrosectomy (EN) were retrospectively assessed. Patients were divided into 2 groups; hydrogen peroxide used for treatment or not used, and these 2 groups were compared. A total of 24 patients underwent endoscopic intervention for walled-off pancreatic necrosis. Procedural success was comparable between the 2 groups. During the post-procedural follow-up, the duration of the hospital stay, recurrence, and complication rates were found to be similar in both groups. The mean number of the endoscopic interventions was significantly lower in the hydrogen peroxide group (4.2 +/- 1.4 vs 6.1 +/- 4.2; P = .01). The use of hydrogen peroxide for EN in walled-off pancreatic necrosis patients seems to have similar efficiency and safety. However, it can be said that the use of hydrogen peroxide could reduce the number of endoscopic procedures.Publication Open Access The relationship between prognostic and organ failure scoring systems such as APACHE II, SAPS II, MODS, SOFA and GCS and quantitative amino acid levels in intensive care unit patients(Galenos Yayınevi, 2021) Basat, Sema Uçak; Sivritepe, Rıdvan; Basat, Okcan; Duygu, Aydın; Eker, Pınar; Özdil, Kamil; Baygül, Arzu Eden; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; 272290Objective: this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the prognostic and organ failure scoring systems and quantitative amino acid levels in patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: a total of 45 patients over 45 years old, who were admitted to the ICU, were included in the study. Physical examinations of all patients were performed, and blood tests (including serum amino acids) were analyzed. Sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA), multiple organ dysfunction score (MODS), simplified acute physiology score II (SAPS II), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation II (APACHE II), and glasgow coma scale (GCS) scores of patients were calculated. Risk ratios were determined according to the mortality and organ failure scores of patients, and patients were grouped as high-risk and low risk. All these parameters were compared between these groups, and the relationship between amino acid levels and risk scores was evaluated. Statistical significance level was determined as a p-value of <0.05. Results: this study was carried out on 45 patients, 23 females and 22 males. The mean age of the patients was 74 +/- 11 years. In high-risk patients compared to low-risk group; methionine, ornithine, and phenylalanine levels according to APACHE II; beta-alanine, cystine, 3-methyl histidine, phenylalanine, and proline levels according to SAPS II; alanine, beta-alanine, phenylalanine, glycine, histidine, methionine, and ornithine levels according to GCS were significant different (p<0.05 for all). We found a significant positive correlation between the APACHE II score and beta alanine (r=0.466; p=0.001), citrulline (r=0.394; p=0.007), ethanolamine (r=0.366; p=0.013), histidine (r=0.353; p=0.017), 3-methyl histidine (r=0.450; p=0.002), ornithine (r=0.445; p=0.002), phenylalanine (r=0.548; p<0.001). There was a significant positive correlation between the SAPS II score and beta alanine (r=0.403; p=0.006), cystathionine (r=0.341; p=0.022), ethanolamine (r=0.356; p=0.017), 3-methyl histidine (r=0.402; p=0.006), ornithine (r=0.349; p=0.019), phenylalanine (r=0.525; p<0.001) and between the MODS score and alanine (r=0.340; p=0.022), beta alanine (r=0.407; p=0.006), cystathionine (r=0.352; p=0.018), ethanolamine (r=0.358; p=0.0169), histidine (r=0.495; p=0.001), 3-methyl histidine (r=0.407; p=0.006), methionine (r=0.462; p=0.001), ornithine (r=0.360; p=0.015), phenylalanine (r=0.621; p<0.001), proline (r=0.445; p=0.002). We found a significant positive correlation between the SOFA score and alanine (r=0.547; p<0.0019), beta-alanine (r=0.354; p=0.0179), arginine (r=0.423; p=0.004), cystathionine (r=0.423; p=0.004), ethanolamine (r=0.437; p=0.003), glycine (r=0.399; p=0.007), histidine (r=0.512; p<0.001), 3-methyl histidine (r=0.327; p=0.028), leucine (r=0.376; p=0.011), methionine (r=0.585; p<0.001), ornithine (r=0.467; p=0.001), phenylalanine (r=0.644; p<0.001), proline (r=0.523; p<0.001), threonine (r=0.371; p=0.012). Also, there was a significant negative correlation between GCS score and beta alanine (r=-0.390; p=0.008), ethanolamine (r=-0.364; p=0.014), glycine (r=-0.360; p=0.015), ornithine (r=-0.510; p=0.000), phenylalanine (r=-0.433; p=0.003). Conclusion: this study found significantly higher methionine, ornithine, phenylalanine, beta-alanine, cystine, 3-methyl histidine, proline, alanine, glycine, and histidine levels in patients with high-risk scores.