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    Approach to speech and language delay in children from the perspective of pediatrics
    (Marmara University School of Medicine, 2012) Kayıran, Sinan Mahir; Şahin, Seda Atilla; Department of Psychology; Acer, Sena Cüre; Undergraduate Student; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 223822
    During well-child visits, as pediatricians generally focus on physical examination, speech and language delay may be ignored. Speech and language delay is associated with genetic, emotional, neuropsychiatric or idiopathic causes. The prevelance in our country has not been established. When speech and language delay is suspected, the pediatrician should discuss this concern with the family and, if required, refer the child to a speech-language therapist. In this review, the issue is discussed from the perspective of pediatrics and what a pediatrician needs to know. (Marmara Medical Journal 2012;25:1-4) / Sağlam çocuk vizitlerinde, genellikle pediatristler fiziksel incelemeye odaklandığından, konuşma ve dil gecikmesi ihmal edilebilmektedir. Konuşma ve dil gecikmesi genetik, emosyonel, nöropsikiyatrik nedenlerle ya da idiopatik olabilir. Ülkemizdeki prevelans bilimsel çalışmalarla ortaya konulmamıştır. Konuşma ve dil gecikmesinden şüphelenildiğinde, pediatrist bu durumu aile ile tartışmalı ve gerekli gördüğünde bir konuşma terapistine yönlendirmelidir. Bu derlemede, konu pediatri perspektifinden, bir pediatristin bilmesi gerekenler yönüyle tartışılmıştır. (Marmara Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Dergisi 2012;25:1-4)
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    The effect of buzzy and cold spray on pain, anxiety, and fear of children during venipuncture in pediatric emergency department in Turkey; a randomized controlled study
    (W.B. Saunders, 2023) Akarsu, Özlem; Kılıç, Derya; N/A; Semerci, Remziye; Faculty Member; School of Nursing; 216754
    Purpose: It was aimed to evaluate the efficacy of Buzzy and cold spray in reducing pain, anxiety, and fear of children during venipuncture in the emergency department (ED). Methods: This study is an experimental, parallel-group (intervention-control), randomized controlled, single-blind design. The study was conducted with 161 children aged 5–12 years in pediatric ED. Data were collected by the ‘Personal Information Form’, ‘Wong Baker-Facial Expression Rating Scale’, ‘Child Anxiety Statement Scale’, and ‘Child Fear Inventory’. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, Mann Whitney U test, Kruskal Wallis H test, and Intraclass Correlation. Results: Descriptive features of the children were homogeneous. ‘Wong Baker-Facial Expression Rating Scale’, ‘Child Anxiety Statement Scale’, and ‘Child Fear Scale’ score averages of the children in the control group were higher than the children in the Buzzy group and the cold spray group (p < 0.001). The pain scores of the Buzzy group were higher than those in the cold spray group (p < 0.001). The anxiety and fear mean scores of the children in the Buzzy and cold spray groups were similar (p > 0.05). Conclusion: It was determined that Buzzy and cold spray were more effective than standard care in reducing the level of pain, anxiety, and fear in children ages 5–12 years during venipuncture in the pediatric emergency. The cold spray was more effective in reducing pain than Buzzy. Practice implications: Nurses can use Buzzy and cold sprays to manage the fear, anxiety, and pain associated with venipuncture.