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Publication Metadata only Clinical and developmental characteristics of cognitive subgroups in a transdiagnostic sample of schizophrenia spcectrum disorders and bipolar disorder(Elsevier B.V., 2023) Bora, E.; Verim, B.; Akgul, O.; Ildız, A.; Alptekin, K.; Özerdem, A.; Akdede, B. B.; N/A; Ceylan, Deniz; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; 137755Evidence suggests that neurocognitive dysfunction is a transdiagnostic feature of individuals across the continuum between schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. However, there is significant heterogeneity of neuropsychological and social-cognitive abilities in schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder. The current study aimed to investigate the clinical and developmental characteristics of cognitive subgroups within the schizo-bipolar spectrum. 147 clinically stable patients with schizophrenia, schizoaffective or bipolar disorder were assessed using clinical rating scales for current psychotic and affective symptoms, and a comprehensive neuropsychological battery including measures of social cognition (Hinting and Reading the mind from the Eyes (RMET) task)). Developmental history and premorbid academic functioning were also evaluated. The study also included 36 healthy controls. Neurocognitive subgroups were investigated using latent class analysis (LCA). The optimal number of clusters was determined based on the Bayesian information criterion. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the predictors of membership to the globally impaired subgroup. LCA revealed two neurocognitive clusters including globally impaired (n = 89, 60.5%) and near-normal cognitive functioning (n = 58, 39.5%) subgroups. The near-normal cognitive functioning subgroup was not significantly different from healthy controls. The globally impaired subgroup had a higher score of developmental abnormalities (p<0.001), poorer premorbid academic functioning, mothers who were less educated and more severe disorganized speech (p = 0.001) and negative symptoms (p = 0.004) compared to the near-normal cognitive functioning group. History of developmental abnormalities and persistent disorganization rather than diagnosis are significant predictors of the subgroup of individuals with global cognitive impairment in the schizophrenia-bipolar disorder continuum.Publication Open Access High-throughput automated phenotyping of two genetic mouse models of huntington's disease(Public Library of Science, 2013) Oakeshott, Stephen; Shamy, Jul Lea T; El-Khodor, Bassem Fouad; Filippov, Igor V.; Mushlin, Richard A.; Port, Russell G.; Connor, David; Paintdakhi, Ahmad; Menalled, Liliana B.; Ramboz, Sylvie; Howland, David S.; Kwak, Seung; Brunner, Dani; Department of Psychology; Balcı, Fuat; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 51269Phenotyping with traditional behavioral assays constitutes a major bottleneck in the primary screening, characterization, and validation of genetic mouse modelsof disease, leading to downstream delays in drug discovery efforts. We present a novel and comprehensive one-stop approach to phenotyping, the PhenoCube™. This system simultaneously captures the cognitive performance, motor activity, and circadian patterns of group-housed mice by use of home-cage operant conditioning modules (IntelliCage) and custom-built computer vision software. We evaluated two different mouse models of Huntington's Disease (HD), the R6/2 and the BACHD in the PhenoCube™ system. Our results demonstrated that this system can efficiently capture and track alterations in both cognitive performance and locomotor activity patterns associated with these disease models. This work extends our prior demonstration that PhenoCube™ can characterize circadian dysfunction in BACHD mice and shows that this system, with the experimental protocols used, is a sensitive and efficient tool for a first pass high-throughput screening of mouse disease models in general and mouse models of neurodegeneration in particularPublication Metadata only The persistence of cognitive biases in financial decisions across economic groups(Nature Portfolio, 2023) Ruggeri, Kai; Ashcroft-Jones, Sarah; Landini, Giampaolo Abate Romero; Al-Zahli, Narjes; Alexander, Natalia; Andersen, Mathias Houe; Bibilouri, Katherine; Busch, Katharina; Cafarelli, Valentina; Chen, Jennifer; Doubravova, Barbora; Dugue, Tatianna; Durrani, Aleena Asfa; Dutra, Nicholas; Garcia-Garzon, Eduardo; Gomes, Christian; Gracheva, Aleksandra; Grilc, Neza; Heidenry, Zoe; Hu, Clara; Krasner, Rachel; Levin, Romy; Li, Justine; Messenger, Ashleigh Marie Elizabeth; Miralem, Melika; Nilsson, Fredrik; Oberschulte, Julia Marie; Obi, Takashi; Pan, Anastasia; Park, Sun Young; Pascu, Daria Stefania; Pelica, Sofia; Pyrkowski, Maksymilian; Rabanal, Katherinne; Ranc, Pika; Recek, Ziga Mekis; Symeonidou, Alexandra; Tutuska, Olivia Symone; Vdovic, Milica; Yuan, Qihang; Stock, Friederike; Department of Psychology; Gürol, Deniz Mısra; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesWhile economic inequality continues to rise within countries, efforts to address it have been largely ineffective, particularly those involving behavioral approaches. It is often implied but not tested that choice patterns among low-income individuals may be a factor impeding behavioral interventions aimed at improving upward economic mobility. To test this, we assessed rates of ten cognitive biases across nearly 5000 participants from 27 countries. Our analyses were primarily focused on 1458 individuals that were either low-income adults or individuals who grew up in disadvantaged households but had above-average financial well-being as adults, known as positive deviants. Using discrete and complex models, we find evidence of no differences within or between groups or countries. We therefore conclude that choices impeded by cognitive biases alone cannot explain why some individuals do not experience upward economic mobility. Policies must combine both behavioral and structural interventions to improve financial well-being across populations.Publication Metadata only The role of social support on cognitive function among midlife and older adult MSM(Lippincott Williams and Wilkins, 2023) Henderson E.R.; Haberlen S.A.; Coulter R.W.S.; Weinstein A.M.; Meanley S.; Brennan-Ing M.; Mimiaga M.J.; Turan J.M.; Teplin L.A.; Egan J.E.; Plankey M.W.; Friedman M.R.; Department of Psychology; Turan, Bülent; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 219712Objective: This study examines the association between social support and cognitive function among midlife and older MSM living with or without HIV.Design:We analyzed longitudinal data from participants enrolled from October 2016 to March 2019 in the Patterns of Healthy Aging Study, a substudy of the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis to estimate the association between social support and three measures of cognitive function [Trail Making Test (TMT) Part A, TMT Part B to A ratio, and Symbol Digit Modalities Tasks (SDMT)]. We also used linear mixed-effects models to estimate the association between baseline social support and cognitive function across four subsequent time points. We evaluated a multiplicative interaction term between baseline social support and time, in order to determine whether cognitive trajectories over time vary by baseline social support. Results:Social support was associated with lower TMT Part A scores at baseline and over the subsequent 2 years, indicating better psychomotor ability. Social support was associated with higher SDMT scores at baseline and across 2 years, indicating better information processing. We observed no association between social support and TMT B to A ratio at baseline or across 2 years, indicating no effect on set-shifting ability. Longitudinal cognition outcome trajectories did not vary by the level of baseline social support. Conclusion:Social support and cognitive function were associated in this sample over a short time period. Further research should explore causal relationships over the lifespan.