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Publication Metadata only A RoBERTa approach for automated processing of sustainability reports(Mdpi, 2022) Tasdemir, Beyza; Yilmaz, Cenk Arda; Demiralp, Goekcan; Atay, Mert; Angin, Pelin; Dikmener, Gokhan; Department of International Relations; Angın, Merih; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 308500There is a strong need and demand from the United Nations, public institutions, and the private sector for classifying government publications, policy briefs, academic literature, and corporate social responsibility reports according to their relevance to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is well understood that the SDGs play a major role in the strategic objectives of various entities. However, linking projects and activities to the SDGs has not always been straightforward or possible with existing methodologies. Natural language processing (NLP) techniques offer a new avenue to identify linkages for SDGs from text data. This research examines various machine learning approaches optimized for NLP-based text classification tasks for their success in classifying reports according to their relevance to the SDGs. Extensive experiments have been performed with the recently released Open Source SDG (OSDG) Community Dataset, which contains texts with their related SDG label as validated by community volunteers. Results demonstrate that especially fine-tuned RoBERTa achieves very high performance in the attempted task, which is promising for automated processing of large collections of sustainability reports for detection of relevance to SDGs.Publication Metadata only Cultural models of nature and society reconsidering environmental attitudes and concern(Sage Publications Inc, 2006) N/A; Department of Sociology; Ignatow, Gabriel; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/ASocial scientists have long debated the factors influencing public concern for the natural environment. This study attempts to contribute to this debate by arguing that environmental concern is shaped by both "spiritual" and "ecological" cultural models of nature-society relations and that by distinguishing between these two, we can better recognize the social sources of variation in concern for the environment. An analysis of questionnaire data from 21 nations from the 1993 International Social Survey Program using ordinary least squares regression models shows that spiritual and ecological environmental worldviews have different social bases. Education generally positively predicts the latter but not the former. Patterns of national differences are noteworthy as well. Thus, conceptualizing public concern for the environment in terms of distinct cultural models may be more revealing than focusing on environmental concern as such.Publication Metadata only Economic dependency and environmental attitudes in Turkey(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2005) N/A; Department of Sociology; Ignatow, Gabriel; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/AStudies of public opinion on environmental issues have been influenced by theories of class conflict and of value change resulting from economic security, but not much by dependency theories. This paper argues that the economic dependence of developing nations on wealthier nations and international lending institutions can substantially affect public opinion within developing nations. Specifically, in developing nations, citizens' awareness of their country's dependence on foreign investment and loans, and of the state's limited sovereignty over domestic environmental issues, can combine to tamp down national support for and knowledge of environmental campaigns even when such campaigns find strong local support, and even when environmental concern is generally strong. A review of two environmental movements and of public opinion in Turkey since the early 1980s suggests that an explanation based on dependency theory, rather than on theories of class conflict or postmaterialism, can best account for how economic processes influence public opinion.Publication Metadata only Economic development, environmental justice, and pro-environmental behavior(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Kentmen-Cin, Cigdem; Department of International Relations; Çarkoğlu, Ali; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 125588Are a country's environmental attitudes linked to its level of economic development? In recent decades, rapid industrialization and the use of cheaper but older production technologies have reduced environmental quality in less developed countries (LDCs). Moreover, these countries have been disproportionally affected by global pollution in that they suffer the effects while having emitted less than industrialized countries. To what extent are people in LDCs ready to make sacrifices to improve environmental conditions? International Social Survey Program 2010 data reveal that people in LDCs are less supportive of international agreements forcing their country to take necessary environmental measures than are citizens in the developed world. Moreover, they are more likely to think that wealthier countries should make more effort to protect the environment, and are less willing to make personal economic sacrifices or change their consumption behavior to accommodate environmental concerns. These results hold even after controlling for post-materialist values, political ideology, personal income, and several other demographic variables.Publication Open Access How COVID-19 financially hit urban refugees: evidence from mixed-method research with citizens and Syrian refugees in Turkey(Wiley, 2021) Kirişçioğlu, Eda; Department of International Relations; Elçi, Ezgi; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; 238439; N/APeering through a lens of disasters and inequalities, this article measures the financial impacts of Covid-19 on citizens and refugee communities in Turkey during a relatively early phase of the global pandemic. Our data comes from an online survey (N = 1749) conducted simultaneously with Turkish citizens and Syrian refugees living in Turkey, followed by in-depth online interviews with Syrian refugees. Our findings indicate that the initial Covid-19 measures had a higher financial impact on Syrians than on citizens when controlled for employment, wealth, and education, among other variables. In line with the literature, our research confirms that disasters' socio-economic effects disproportionally burden minority communities. We additionally discuss how Covid-19 measures have significantly accelerated effects on refugees compared to the local population, mainly due to the structural and policy context within which forcibly displaced Syrians have been received in Turkey.Publication Open Access Moral intuitions predict pro-social behaviour in a climate commons game(Elsevier, 2021) Akyazı, Pınar Ertör; Department of Psychology; Akçay, Çağlar; Faculty Member; Department of Psychology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 272053The climate crisis and appeals to tackle it are often framed in moral terms, but few studies tested whether individual variation in moral intuitions correlate with pro-environmental behaviours that may affect the climate commons. In the present study we ask whether moral intuitions regarding harm (care and compassion), fairness, in-group loyalty, stance towards authority, and purity, as quantified by the Moral Foundations Theory, correlate with pro-environmental behaviours. Participants played 10 rounds of a public goods game framed as extraction of a mineral that affects climate commons negatively. We found that participants' extraction in the first round of the game was positively related to loyalty and authority moral foundations. Average extraction over all ten rounds of the game was negatively related to harm and positively related to loyalty moral foundations with small to moderate effect sizes. The fairness dimension was only weakly related to extraction in the first round and not related to average extraction over the entire game. Purity dimension did not relate to extraction neither in the first round nor on average. These results suggest that intrinsic factors such as moral intuitions are likely to play an important role in fostering pro-environmental behaviours to address the climate crisis.Publication Metadata only On environmental concern, willingness to pay, and postmaterialist values - evidence from İstanbul(Sage Publications Inc, 2002) Adaman, F; Zenginobuz, EU; Department of Sociology; Gökşen, Fatoş; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 51292The authors explore the impact of geographical proximity of environmental problems on environmental concern and willingness to pay (WTP) for environmental improvement, with emphasis on the relevance of Inglehart's postmaterialism thesis on this inquiry. A questionnaire was administered to 1,565 respondents in İstanbul. The Contingent Valuation Method was used to measure WTP. Sea pollution in İstanbul (local issue), soil erosion in Turkey (national issue), and ozone depletion (global issue) were issues chosen for valuation. The sample was separated into three subsamples, with each being presented with only one issue. Individuals distinguish between local and global environmental concern. People with materialist values rather than postmaterialist values exhibit more concern for local environmental problems. However, postmaterialist values determine WTP for improvement in both the local and the global environmental problems. Distinguishing among concern for environmental issues, which are differentiated on the basis of geographical proximity, has relevance for the ongoing postmaterialist values debate.Publication Metadata only Ottoman lakes and fluid landscapes: environing, wetlands and conservation in the Marmara Lake Basin, circa 1550–1900(White Horse Press, 2024) Çelik, Semih; Department of Archeology and History of Art; Roosevelt, Christina Marie Luke; Roosevelt, Christopher Havemeyer; Department of Archeology and History of Art; College of Social Sciences and HumanitiesThe study of Ottoman lakes and wetlands from the perspective of management and conservation is an emerging field. Scholars have explored Ottoman strategies for managing agricultural and extractive landscapes, yet detailed investigation of socio-political responses to dynamic wetlands, particularly during periods of drastic climate shifts, requires deeper investigation. Our research on wetlands and lakes moves from the purview of waqfs (pious foundations) to the emergence of the Ottoman Public Debt Administration (OPDA). By examining the shifting perspectives of institutional authority and community responses to it from the early modern period to the nineteenth century, we discuss the complexities of wetland management in the Marmara Lake Basin within the sancak of Saruhan (contemporary Manisa) in western Anatolia. We argue that intimate knowledge of this specific ecosystem played a critical role in mitigating attempts at reclamation and land grabbing and ultimately in developing legal structures of and policies for Ottoman conservation strategies. We situate our discussion within the paradigm of environing made possible by detailed longue-durée archival narratives; these micro-histories afford a dynamic perspective into non-linear responses to ecological and political changes and provide a local lens into the scalar impacts of human agency. © 2024 White Horse Press. All rights reserved.Publication Metadata only Tissue welding by Thulium laser system: predosimetry studies(Routledge, 2009) Bilici, Temel; Tabakoğlu, Özgür; Topaloğlu, Nermin; Kurt, Adnan; Gülsoy, Murat; N/A; Department of Physics; Kalaycıoğlu, Hamit; Sennaroğlu, Alphan; PhD Student; Faculty Member; Department of Physics; Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering; College of Sciences; N/A; 23851Abstract Laser tissue welding predosimetry studies are performed on Wistar rat skin by using diode-pumped and fiber-coupled Thulium (Tm:YAP) laser system emitting at 1980-nm, which is developed for medical applications. The success of laser tissue welding at 100 mW ve 160 mW of Tm:YAP laser powers is analyzed by macroscopy and histology results. Tm:YAP laser dosimetry of 100 mW, 5 second (34,66 W/cm2 ) is found successful for tissue welding studies. / Özetçe Medikal uygulamalar için geliştirilen 1980-nm dalgaboyunda ışıma yapan diyot pompalı Tulyum (Tm:YAP) laser sistemi ile Wistar tipi sıçan derisi üzerinde laser doku kaynağı öndoz çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Tm:YAP laserinin 100 mW ve 160 mW güçlerinde uygulanan laser doku kaynağının başarısı makro fotoğraflar ve histolojik sonuçlar ile analiz edilmiştir. Tm:YAP laser sisteminin 100 mW, 5 saniye (34,66 W/cm2 ) dozu doku kaynağı çalışmaları için başarılı bulunmuştur.Publication Metadata only Understanding eu fisheries management dynamics by engaging stakeholders through online group model-building(Mdpi, 2022) Gambino, Monica; Malvarosa, Loretta; N/A; Gerçek, Erda; Teaching Faculty; Graduate School of Business; N/AThe Common Fisheries Policy (CFP) has a challenging mandate to find the right policy mix to simultaneously achieve all three aspects of sustainability: economic, social, and environmental. But development and implementation of an effective and sustainable fisheries management policy has been a challenge all over the world. The evidence of this failure is found in the continuous decline in fish stocks. Faced with the difficulty in fulfilling this mandate, the European Commission has increasingly been embracing fisheries stakeholders' involvement. Stakeholder involvement in policy development and implementation is important because it tries to bring the relevant interested parties together, understanding and paying attention to what is important to each and every stakeholder, identifying the individual and common issues. This process in turn can foster connections, trust, confidence, and buy-in, and commitment for the implementation of the policy. This research describes a group model-building (GMB) approach using system dynamic methodology as a participatory model building tool, enabling stakeholders to become deeply involved in the identification and modelling of the complex issues faced by the EU fisheries. Given the geographical diversity of the stakeholders, GMB was applied online, both synchronously and asynchronously, providing participants time to carefully reflect on key variables, their relationships, and the behaviour of the overall system. The study demonstrated the need and relevance of an adequate engagement of the stakeholders, with online stakeholder consultation proving an effective method of engagement. Hence, the study is very relevant for both scientists and managers. The GMB process meant the final model evolved significantly from the initial one offered, which pointed to active involvement in and progressive learning from the modelling process itself, as the methodology argues. Two quantitative stock-flow models using actual numbers were built not only to aid the GMB process but to depict how all three aspects of sustainability could actually be met with the right set of policies that consider feedback loops and inherent trade-offs.