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Now showing 1 - 10 of 29
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    PublicationOpen Access
    A Lower Paleolithic assemblage from western Anatolia: the lithics from Bozyer
    (Elsevier, 2019) Dinçer, Berkay; Çilingiroğlu, Çiler; Department of Archeology and History of Art; Roosevelt, Christopher Havemeyer; Roosevelt, Christina Marie Luke; Faculty Member; Department of Archeology and History of Art; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; 235112
    In 2005 the Central Lydia Archaeological Survey (CLAS) identified an open-air Lower Paleolithic site called Bozyer near Lake Marmara in the province of Manisa, Turkey. Intensive survey of Bozyer in 2008 resulted in collection of over 300 stone tools. Subsequent systematic analysis attributed 189 of these lithics to a Lower Paleolithic industry. The assemblage is characterized by flakes and retouched flake tools, many of which were produced with the bipolar flaking technique; preferential use of locally available quartz and quartzite over chert; a low proportion of cores, most of which were reused as choppers and chopping tools; and the absence of bifaces and other large cutting tools. With few exceptions, similar assemblages are rare in Anatolia, and comparable industries from Eurasia and the Near East date to the Early Pleistocene period. The lithic industry from Bozyer thus joins other nearby sites in evidencing some of the earliest hominin activities outside Africa, shedding new light on growing understandings of Lower Paleolithic technology, mobility, and activities in Anatolia.
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    An Ottoman holy land: two early modern travel accounts and imperial subjectivity
    (Purdue University Press, 2021) Bashkin, Orit; Department of Comparative Literature; Kim, Sooyong; Faculty Member; Department of Comparative Literature; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 52305
    This study investigates how the Holy Land was experienced and perceived in the early modern era, by comparing the accounts of two travelers representing distinct but complementary vantage points: Evliya Celebi (d. ca. 1685), a Sunni Muslim from Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, and Shemu'el ben David (d. 1673), a Karaite Jew from the Crimean Khanate, a vassal state on the periphery. Considering their specific views of the Holy Land and the kinds of traditions that the two contemporaries relate about the same sites they visited, we argue that both perceived the Holy Land not only through an intersecting scriptural lens, but also through a similar imperial lens that drew attention to and valorized the Ottoman presence over the sacred territory. Thus more broadly, the comparative study offers an alternative non-Eurocentric frame for exploring the relationship between empire, subject, and the holy in the early modern era.
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    Artemis Ephesia, the emperor and the city: impact of the imperial cult and the civic identity of Roman Ephesos
    (Peeters Publishers, 2016) N/A; Van Der Linde, Dies; PhD Student; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A
    Roman Ephesos had a diverse religious community. Numerous studies have focused on one or several Ephesian cults, but few have emphasised the intertwinement of these cults. This article stresses the intimate connection between two of the most important cults of Roman Ephesos - the cult of Artemis Ephesia and the imperial cult - and the Ephesian civic institutions. Though approaching the cults as local institutions, and therefore acknowledging the power relations at play within the city of Ephesos, it also takes the involvement of the Ephesian community into account. The intertwinement of both cultic institutions and the city, summarised by the term 'Ephesian triad', becomes evident through my discussion and interpretation of the urban topography, the religious activities and the civic coinage of Roman Ephesos. In view of its connection with the cult of Artemis Ephesia, the rise and impact of the imperial cult in Ephesos had fundamental consequences for the communal civic identity of Ephesos: did Ephesos continue to be the city of Artemis Ephesia it had been for so long?
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    Auto-affection and ethics
    (ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD, 2024) Department of Philosophy; Direk, Zeynep; Department of Philosophy; College of Social Sciences and Humanities
    This essay starts with the possibility of situating Derrida's aporetic ethics in the domain of normative ethics and argues that Derrida's reflection on ethics is enrooted in the specific way he conceives the phenomenological notion of auto-affection. In the second section, I analyze, in the early work, auto-affection with signs and show its centrality in Derrida's first encounter with Levinas's philosophy. Derrida refuses to substitute the hetero-affective relation to the Other for auto-affection as the source of universal law and normativity. He does not sacrifice universality and tackles the problem of autonomous ethical decision-making even though he welcomes through affectivity the signification of the singular other, which is irreducible to conceptual, emotive, and normative self-relation. This background helps us understand the rootedness of ethical aporias in a reflection on auto-affection.
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    Biometrics and anthropometrics: the twins of Turkish modernity
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2008) Department of Sociology; Ergin, Murat; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 106427
    In the first half of the twentieth century, eugenic debates and policies revolved around positive (encouraging the reproduction of 'superior' individuals) and negative (preventing the reproduction of 'inferior' individuals) applications for the purpose of improving hereditary characteristics and preventing social problems. However, their particular manifestations varied because eugenic agendas responded differently to putative social problems in different local contexts. Despite the wealth of scholarly studies on eugenics, particularly in Germany and the United States, eugenic debates in Turkey have so far not received any attention. The significance of eugenics in the Turkish context stems from its conflation with republican modernization efforts. While Turkish republican reformers were diligently searching for anthropometric proof of the whiteness, Europeanness and ancientness of Turks, they also supported biometric scholarship that proposed eugenic measures to protect and improve recently 'discovered' historical essences. At a time when western eugenicists were classifying non-western peoples as inferior, Turkish reformers creatively adopted the methods and vocabulary of race science to establish the Turks' innate ability to modernize. In order to demonstrate the wide appeal of eugenics in the Turkish context, Ergin presents findings from a content analysis of educational conferences organized by the government between 1938 and 1941, and argues that the future-oriented project of biometrics was as important as the past-oriented project of anthropometrics for the formulation of Turkishness in negotiation with race and modernity.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Bridging the gap between pre-census and census-era historical data: devising a geo-sampling model to analyse agricultural production in the long run for Southeast Europe, 1840–1897
    (Edinburgh University Press, 2020) Gerrits, Piet; Department of History; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Boykov, Grigor; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 33267; N/A
    This research introduces a novel geo-spatial sampling model to overcome a major difficulty in historical economic geography of Bulgarian lands during a crucial period: immediately before and after the de facto independence of the territory from the Ottoman Empire in the second half of the nineteenth century. At its core it seeks to investigate the research question how the Bulgarian independence affected agricultural production in two regions (centered around the cities of Plovdiv and Ruse) of today's Bulgaria, for which there are conflicting yet empirically unsubstantiated claims concerning the economic impact of the political independence. Using our be-spoke geo-sampling strategy we believe, we have sampled regionally representative commensurable agricultural data from the 1840s Ottoman archival documentation, in accord with agricultural censuses conducted by the nascent nation state of Bulgaria in the 1890s.
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    Cartographic interventions: construction of identity through spatial reconfiguration in post/colonial Italy
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2012) Department of Comparative Literature; Ergin, Meliz; Faculty Member; Department of Comparative Literature; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 101428
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    Fabricating "cool" heritage for Northern Ireland: Game of Thrones tourism
    (Wiley, 2020) Baschiera, Stefano; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Rappas, İpek Azime Çelik; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 183702
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    Geospatial mapping of a 16th century transport corridor for Southeast Europe
    (Oxford Univ Press, 2022) Gerrits, Piet; Boykov, Grigor; Department of History; Kabadayı, Mustafa Erdem; Faculty Member; Department of History; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 33267
    We need maximum slope values for carts and pack animals to model the historical traffic of people and goods before the advent of steam and internal combustion engines. With this article, we first calculate maximum slope averages for carts and pack animals by using an extensive geo-referenced and vectorized historical transport network for late 19th-century Southeast Europe. Then by utilizing these slopes and making joint use of the least-cost path, accumulated cost surfaces, and network analyses, we model the movement of carts and pack animals for a large segment of an Ottoman military campaign in 1532, which followed the Via Militaris, between Istanbul and Sofia. Lastly, we compare our modelled routes for carts and pack animals for the 16th century with the existing road infrastructure of the late 19th century.
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    Heritage and scent: research and exhibition of Istanbul's changing smellscapes
    (Routledge Journals, Taylor and Francis Ltd, 2017) Department of Archeology and History of Art; Department of Archeology and History of Art; Davis, Lauren Nicole; Şenocak, Lucienne; PhD Student; Faculty Member; Department of Archeology and History of Art; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/A; 100679
    This paper examines heritage, and particularly intangible heritage, by concentrating on the experience of smell to explore a heritage site in Istanbul, Turkey: the Spice Market. Due to a restoration project, the site became the focus of the 2012 international workshop Urban Cultural Heritage and Creative Practice,' which aimed at documenting the existing and threatened scents of the marketplace. in 2016 a gallery exhibition, Scent and the City,' was created as part of an effort to raise awareness about how scent constitutes an important component of the heritage of place. after providing a brief overview of the marketplace's transformations since its construction in the seventeenthcentury, this paper covers various methods of scent research, including scent walks, mapping, oral history interviews, and artistic performances, and illustrates how the smellscapes of this historic, and now touristic, quarter of Istanbul are changing. By bringing a sensory approach to this important heritage site in Istanbul we demonstrate how an embodied approach, which forefronts scent as intangible heritage and a primary modality, can serve as a catalyst for individuals and communities to access their memories, emotions, and values and increase awareness of the role scent plays in defining locality.