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Publication Metadata only A debate over return migration: the case of Turkish guest workers in Germany(Springer, 2016) N/A; Department of International Relations; N/A; İçduygu, Ahmet; Sert, Deniz; Faculty Member; Teaching Faculty; Department of International Relations; Migration Research Program at Koç University (MIReKoç) / Göç Araştırmaları Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (MIReKoç); College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/A; 207882; 25879This chapter aims to provide an overview of the return migration of Turkish guest workers and their family members. While doing so, it also elaborates on the theoretical and conceptual discussions of the notion of return migration, and it discusses the empirical question of how return migration has evolved over time in the case of the guest-worker scheme between Turkey and Germany. There are several reasons that make it worthwhile to elaborate the case of Turkish guest workers in Europe in general (and in Germany in particular) in the context of the whole notion of return migration. First, it is a migratory system that has evolved from temporary migration to permanent settlement over the last five decades. Second, while this transformation has taken place, some migrants have returned home, but others have stayed abroad. Third, as this covers a period since the early 1960s, different generations are involved, including first-generation labor migrants as well as their Europe-born children, and even grandchildren. Finally, as this migration from Turkey includes various types of movements such as labor migration, family reunion, asylum seeking, and clandestine flows, return migration to Turkey also consequently consists of various types of returnees.Publication Metadata only A general view of the responsibility of the manufacturer in Turkish law(Istanbul Univ, Fac Law, 2007) Tarman, Zeynep Derya; Faculty Member; Law School; 177966N/APublication Metadata only A land of milk and butter: how elites created the modern Danish dairy industry(Walter De Gruyter Gmbh, 2021) N/A; Aydın, Yaprak; PhD Student; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; 276714N/APublication Metadata only A new doctrine on the block? the European court of human rights and the responsible courts doctrine(Hart Publ, 2016) Çalı, Başak; Faculty Member; Law School; N/AN/APublication Metadata only All you need is time? Discrepancies between the European Court of Human Rights case law and liberal normative theory on long-term migrants(Cambridge University Press (CUP), 2017) Çalı, Başak; Faculty Member; Koç University Center for Global Public Law (CGPL) / Koç Üniversitesi Küresel Kamu Hukuku Araştırmaları (KÜREMER); Law School; 196519This article, departing from Gila Stopler's 'Rights in Immigration: The Veil as a Test Case', published in the Israeli Law Review in 2010, reviews how the time spent by a long-term migrant, irrespective of legal status, normatively figures in liberal theories of migration and in the case law of the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR). The article detects that in contemporary liberal theories, assigning an independent normative value to time spent by the migrant in the receiving country is a key move in balancing the competing interests of migrants and of the migrant-receiving country, where the right of the country to regulate migration is taken as given: the longer a migrant is present in a country, the stronger her interests become in receiving citizenship status or treatment akin to citizens. The article then surveys the case law of the ECtHR relating to long-term migrants. It finds that time is often one of multiple normative considerations in the balancing exercise, in conjunction with whether a migrant has achieved social integration in the migrant-receiving country and whether the right of the receiving community to regulate migration for reasons of affording citizenship, national security or distributive justice is paramount. The article argues that the lack of an independent normative weight afforded to time in the case law of the ECtHR is not merely a tension between the translation of liberal normative theory to legal policy. It also shows a deeper tension in liberal theories of migration between national liberalism and cosmopolitan liberalism.Publication Open Access Allocation of child's custody after divorce as the junction point of gender equality and the child's best interest(İstanbul Üniversitesi Yayınevi, 2021) N/A; Çelebi, Özgün; Faculty Member; Law School; 261801Allocation of a child's custody after divorce relies upon the universal principle of the child's best interest. Nevertheless, it is argued that despite its seemingly gender-neutral nature, one of the shortcomings caused by the uncertainty of such a principle is that it paves the way for gender discrimination. As a result, the topic of child custody has increasingly been mentioned in the framework of equality between men and women, as shown by references made to the relationship between custody law and gender equality both in international instruments relating to women's rights and in those relating to children's rights. In this paper we analyze the relationship between different interpretation methods of the seemingly gender-neutral principle of the child's best interest and gender equality in the context of allocation of custody after divorce. We go through the tender years, primary caretaker and joint custody concepts, which are the methods used or proposed to be used to concretize the principle of the child's best interest in different law systems and in Turkish law and contemplate whether they enable to achieve the goal of gender equality. On the grounds of these findings we discuss whether it is possible to achieve a child custody law which can reconcile the principle of the child's best interest with gender equality. / Boşanma sonrasında çocuğun velayetinin kimin tarafından icra edileceği sorunu evrensel bir ilke olan çocuğun üstün yararı ilkesi çerçevesinde çözümlenmektedir. Ancak her ne kadar görünürde cinsiyetsiz bir ilke olsa da, kavramın belirsizliğinin yarattığı sakıncalardan birinin, anne ile baba arasında cinsiyete dayalı ayrımcı çözümlere kapı açması olduğu düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle velayet konusu, gittikçe artan biçimde kadın-erkek eşitliği ile ilişkisi çerçevesinde gündeme gelmekte, velayet hukuku ile cinsiyet eşitliği arasındaki ilişki hem kadın haklarına hem de çocuk haklarına ilişkin uluslararası belgelerde karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, boşanma sonrası velayetin düzenlenmesi sorunu bağlamında, cinsiyetsiz bir kural gibi görünen çocuğun üstün yararı ilkesinin yorumlanma biçimlerinin cinsiyet eşitliği ile ilişkileri incelenecektir. Bu çerçevede, çocuğun üstün yararı ilkesini somutlaştırmak için farklı hukuk sistemlerinde ve ülkemizde uygulanan veya uygulanması önerilen anne şefkatine muhtaç olma ölçütü, birincil bakıcı ölçütü ve ortak velayet çözümünün cinsiyet eşitliği amacını gerçekleştirmeye yakın olup olmadıkları irdelenecektir. Elde edilen bulgular çerçevesinde çocuğun üstün yararı ilkesi ile cinsiyet eşitliği hedeflerini bağdaştırabilecek bir velayet hukukunun mümkün olup olmadığı tartışılacaktır.Publication Metadata only An economic analysis of color-blind affirmative action(Oxford Univ Press Inc, 2008) Fryer, Roland G., Jr.; Loury, Glenn C.; Department of Economics; Yüret, Tolga; Teaching Faculty; Department of Economics; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/AThis article offers an economic analysis of color-blind alternatives to conventional affirmative action policies in higher education, focusing on efficiency issues. When the distribution of applicants' traits is fixed (i.e., in the short-run) color blindness leads colleges to shift weight from academic traits that predict performance to social traits that proxy for race. Using data on matriculates at several selective colleges and universities, we estimate that the short-run efficiency cost of "blind" relative to "sighted" affirmative action is comparable to the cost colleges would incur were they to ignore standardized test scores when deciding on admissions. We then build a model of applicant competition with endogenous effort in order to study long-run incentive effects. We show that, compared to the sighted alternative, color-blind affirmative action is inefficient because it flattens the function mapping effort into a probability of admission in the model's equilibrium.Publication Metadata only Approaches to foreign direct investment in legal research(Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd, 2019) Schill, Stephan; Gülay, Kerem; Teaching Faculty; Law School; 294024N/APublication Metadata only Approaching custom identification as a conflict avoidance technique: Tadic and Kupreskic revisited(Cambridge Univ Press, 2018) N/A; N/A; Galand, Alexandre Skander; Researcher; Law School; N/AInternational human rights law (IHRL), international humanitarian law (IHL) and international criminal law (ICL) have trouble staying faithful to the two pillars of customary international law - state practice and opinio juris. In ICL, the Tadic Interlocutory Appeal on Jurisdiction and the Kupreskic Trial Judgement have even gone as far as enunciating new models to identify customs. In this article, I show that the approaches to customs' identification postulated in these two cases were conflict-avoidance techniques used by the International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia (ICTY) to bring together IHRL and IHL. The crux of the matter in the Tadic and Kupreskic cases was that the human rights of the victims of war crimes committed in internal conflicts required that a new approach to customary international law be adopted. Thus, the criminal aspect of IHL (i.e., ICL) was updated, and conceptual conflicts between IHL and IHRL were avoided.Publication Metadata only Arbitrating business and human rights disputes(İstanbul Üniversitesi, 2020) Tarman, Zeynep Derya; Faculty Member; Law School; 177966Keeping the negative impacts of business activities on human rights and the weak position of the victims as well as other parties, the Hague Rules on Business and Human Rights Arbitration (Hague Rules) have recently been adopted with the description that international arbitration holds great promise as a method to be used to resolve human rights disputes involving business. While there are criticisms about the practicability and the usefulness of the Hague rules, with certain consideration for improvement, the Hague Rules can be an effective step towards achieving justice for victims of Business and Human Rights violations and abuses. This paper aims to present first the history of creation and analysis of the effectiveness of the Hague Rules, and second, to elaborate on why arbitration is a good option for Business and Human Rights disputes. After that, the paper will present the challenges related to the applicability of the rules followed by its future implications. / Ticari faaliyetlerin insan hakları üzerindeki olumsuz etkileri ve mağdurların zayıf konumu dikkate alınarak çok uluslu şirketlerin sebep olduğu insan hakları ihlallerinin tahkim yoluyla çözümü için yakın zamanda İş Dünyası ve İnsan Hakları Lahey Tahkim Kuralları (Lahey Kuralları) kabul edilmiştir. Söz konusu Lahey Kurallarının yararlılığı ve elverişliliği konusunda eleştiriler olmakla beraber Kurallar, çok uluslu şirketlerin sebep olduğu insan hakları ihlalleri mağdurlarına adalete erişim konusunda etkin bir yol sunabilir. Bu çalışmanın konusu, Lahey Kurallarının ortaya çıkma sürecini ve tarihçesini kısaca ortaya koyduktan sonra tahkimin insan hakları ihlallerinden doğan uyuşmazlıkların çözümü konusunda neden tercih edilmesi gerektiğini incelemektir. Bu kapsamda, Lahey Kurallarının iş dünyası ve insan hakları uyuşmazlıklarının kendine has özellikleri dikkate alınarak hazırlanmış maddeleri ele alınacaktır. Ayrıca çalışmada Lahey kurallarının eksiklikleri ve geliştirilmesi gereken noktaları üzerinde de durulacaktır.