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Publication Open Access A longitudinal analysis of customer satisfaction and share of wallet: investigating the moderating effect of customer characteristics(American Marketing Association (AMA), 2007) Cooil, B.; Keiningham, T. L.; Hsu, M.; Department of Business Administration; Aksoy, Lerzan; Faculty Member; Department of Business Administration; College of Administrative Sciences and EconomicsCustomer loyalty is an important strategic objective for all managers. Research has investigated the relationship between custom̀er satisfaction and loyalty in various contexts. However, these predominantly cross-sectional studies have focused on customer retention as the primary measure of loyalty. There has been little investigation into the impact on share of wallet. Using data from the Canadian banking industry, this research aims to (1) provide the first longitudinal examination of the impact of changes in customer satisfaction on changes in share of wallet and (2) determine the moderating effects of customer age, income, education, expertise, and length of relationship. Data from 4319 households using 12,249 observations over a five-year period indicate a positive relationship between changes in satisfaction and share of wallet. In particular, the initial satisfaction level and the conditional percentile of change in satisfaction significantly correspond to changes in share of wallet. Two variables, income and length of the relationship, negatively moderate this relationship. Other demographic and situational characteristics have no impact.Publication Open Access A longitudinal examination of net promoter and firm revenue growth(American Marketing Association (AMA), 2007) Keiningham, Timothy L.; Cooil, Bruce; Andreassen, Tor Wallin; Department of Business Administration; Aksoy, Lerzan; Faculty Member; Department of Business Administration; College of Administrative Sciences and EconomicsManagers have widely embraced and adopted the Net Promoter metric, which noted loyalty consultant Frederick Reichheld advocates as the single most reliable indicator of firm growth compared with other loyalty metrics, such as customer satisfaction and retention. Recently, however, there has been considerable debate about whether this metric is truly superior. This article (1) employs longitudinal data from 21 firms and 15,500-plus interviews from the Norwegian Customer Satisfaction Barometer to replicate the analyses used in Net Promoter research and (2) compares Reichheld and colleagues' findings with the American Customer Satisfaction Index. Using industries Reichheld cites as exemplars of Net Promoter, the research fails to replicate his assertions regarding the "clear superiority" of Net Promoter compared with other measures in those industries.Publication Metadata only Adoption of global consumer culture: the road to global brands(Edward Elgar Publishing Ltd., 2012) N/A; Department of Business Administration; Tunalı, Ayşegül Özsomer; Faculty Member; Department of Business Administration; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 108158The cultural influence of global brands has never been more important. In psychological terms, global brands are perceived as creating an identity, and a sense of achievement for consumers, symbolizing the aspired values of global consumer culture (GCC). Through the process of meaning transfer consumers internalize these values and ideals to their self-concept (McCracken 1986). On one hand, global brands carry the espoused values of the global culture, which refl ects mostly the core values of Western societies, including freedom of choice, free market, and individual rights (Gupta and Govindarajan 2004); on the other hand, consumers actively create and add new meanings to global brands through a process of meaning co-creation. Global brands are defi ned as brands that have widespread global aware-ness, availability, acceptance and demand, often found under the same name with consistent positioning, personality, look and feel in major markets enabled by centrally coordinated marketing strategies and pro-grams (Özsomer and Altaras 2008). Global brands with their consistent positioning benefi t from a unique perceived image worldwide. Consumers equate consumption of global brands with modernity, consumerism, progress, success, effi ciency and a promise of abundance (Holton 2000). Consumers' preferences for global brands are positively associated with the extent to which they believe these brands are available around the world rather than being available only in the local markets (Steenkamp, Batra and Alden 2003). Such a global positioning increases in its strategic appeal as consumers around the world develop similar needs and tastes constituting global consumer segments, such as the affl uent and teenagers (Hassan and Katsanis 1994; Özsomer and Simonin 2004; Ter Hofstede, Wedel and Steenkamp 2002). Multinational corporations (MNCs) are positioned to benefi t sig-nifi cantly from developing and leveraging global brands. In fact, many of the strategic actions of MNCs are fueling the growth of global brands. Focusing their marketing eff orts on fewer global brands enables MNCs to concentrate resources on a portfolio of leading brands with strong growth potential that best meets the needs, aspirations and values of M2841 -OKAZAKI 9781848448582 PRINT.indd 42 M2841 -OKAZAKI 9781848448582 PRINT.indd 42 28/11/2011 15:24 28/11/2011 15:24 Adoption of global consumer culture 43 people around the world. For example, since its Path to Growth strategy was launched in 2000, Unilever has reduced the number of brands from 1600 to 400 leading brands and under 250 tail brands (www.unilever.com). Around the same time, P&G has also pruned its brand portfolio in favor of global brands (Pitcher, 1999), while in 2003 Heinz declared its intention to focus on a smaller number of "power brands" and selling many of its local brands. Similarly, Colgate Palmolive has invested a lot in making Colgate Total a global brand name. These and many other companies are betting their futures on global brands and consumers around the world from advanced to emerging economies are responding favorably. For example, 23 of P&G's and 13 of Unilever's brands have more than a billion dollar in net annual sales.Publication Open Access Captive but mobile: privacy concerns and remedies for the mobile environment(Taylor _ Francis, 2013) Popescu, Mihaela; Department of Media and Visual Arts; Baruh, Lemi; Faculty Member; Department of Media and Visual Arts; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 36113We use the legal framework of captive audience to examine the FTC’s 2012 privacy guidelines as applied to mobile marketing. We define captive audiences as audiences without functional opt-out mechanisms to avoid situations of coercive communication. By analyzing the current mobile marketing ecosystem, we show that the FTC’s privacy guidelines inspired by the Canadian “privacy by design” paradigm fall short of protecting consumers against invasive mobile marketing in at least three respects: (a) the guidelines ignore how, in the context of data monopolies, the combination of location and personal history data threatens autonomy of choice; (b) the guidelines focus exclusively on user control over data sharing, while ignoring control over communicative interaction; (c) the reliance on market mechanisms to produce improved privacy policies may actually increase opt-out costs for consumers. We conclude by discussing two concrete proposals for improvement: a “home mode” for mobile privacy and target-specific privacy contract negotiation.Publication Open Access Looming losses in future time perception(American Marketing Association (AMA), 2010) LeBoeuf, Robyn A.; Department of Business Administration; Department of Business Administration; Bilgin, Baler; Faculty Member; Department of Business Administration; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 108641It is proposed that a future time interval's perceived length will be affected by whether the interval ends with a gain or loss. Confirming this, several experiments indicate that consumers perceive intervals ending with losses as shorter than equivalent intervals ending with gains. The authors explore the mechanisms underlying these effects, and they identify several parallels between the current effects and loss aversion. The authors further show that these changes in time perception influence consumption decisions, and they consider the implications of the findings for theories of time perception and intertemporal choice.Publication Open Access The long-term stock market valuation of customer satisfaction(American Marketing Association (AMA), 2008) Cooil B., Groening C., Keiningham T. L.; Yalçın, Atakan; Department of Business Administration; Aksoy, Lerzan; Faculty Member; Department of Business Administration; College of Administrative Sciences and EconomicsFirm valuation has been an important domain of interest for finance. However, most financial models do not include customer-related metrics in this process. Studies in marketing have found that one particular customer metric, customer satisfaction, improves the ability to predict future cash flows, long-term financial measures, stock performance, and shareholder value. However, most of these studies predominantly employ models that are not directly used in finance practice. This article extends existing literature by examining the impact of customer satisfaction on firm valuation by employing multiples and risk-adjusted abnormal return models borrowed directly from the practice of finance. Data include 3600 firm-quarter observations from the American Customer Satisfaction Index, COMPUSTAT, and Center for Research in Securities Prices databases from 1996 to 2006. The results indicate that a portfolio of stocks consisting of firms with high levels and positive changes in customer satisfaction will outperform the other three possible portfolio combinations (low levels and negative changes, low levels and positive changes, and high levels and negative changes in customer satisfaction) along with Standard & Poor's 500. Initially, the stock market undervalues positive satisfaction information, but the market adjusts in the long run.