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Publication Metadata only (Post) humanist tangles in social ecology and new materialism(Palgrave, 2017) Department of Comparative Literature; Ergin, Meliz; Faculty Member; Department of Comparative Literature; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 101428This chapter argues that entanglements lie at the core of two prominent schools of ecological thought: social ecology and new materialism. While social ecology, spearheaded by Murray Bookchin, stresses the tangle of ecological and socio-political issues and advocates for a transformative viewpoint in both spheres, new materialism destabilizes the nature/culture dichotomy by reading the production of matter and meaning as co-extensive praxes and by defining phenomena, in Karen Barad’s terms, as the “ontological inseparability of intra-acting agencies.” Ergin reads social ecology and new materialism, respectively, in relation to deconstruction to tease out the different models of entanglement in each school of thought and to elucidate what is at stake in the motif of entanglement. She rethinks these three strands of thought vis-à-vis each other to capture some of the breadth and variety in reconceptualizations of natural-social and material-discursive entanglements.Publication Metadata only A RoBERTa approach for automated processing of sustainability reports(Mdpi, 2022) Tasdemir, Beyza; Yilmaz, Cenk Arda; Demiralp, Goekcan; Atay, Mert; Angin, Pelin; Dikmener, Gokhan; Department of International Relations; Angın, Merih; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 308500There is a strong need and demand from the United Nations, public institutions, and the private sector for classifying government publications, policy briefs, academic literature, and corporate social responsibility reports according to their relevance to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). It is well understood that the SDGs play a major role in the strategic objectives of various entities. However, linking projects and activities to the SDGs has not always been straightforward or possible with existing methodologies. Natural language processing (NLP) techniques offer a new avenue to identify linkages for SDGs from text data. This research examines various machine learning approaches optimized for NLP-based text classification tasks for their success in classifying reports according to their relevance to the SDGs. Extensive experiments have been performed with the recently released Open Source SDG (OSDG) Community Dataset, which contains texts with their related SDG label as validated by community volunteers. Results demonstrate that especially fine-tuned RoBERTa achieves very high performance in the attempted task, which is promising for automated processing of large collections of sustainability reports for detection of relevance to SDGs.Publication Metadata only Comparative ecocriticism: an introduction(Palgrave, 2017) Department of Comparative Literature; Ergin, Meliz; Faculty Member; Department of Comparative Literature; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 101428The introduction explains the rationale of the book, highlighting its contribution to ecocritical theory, comparative ecocriticism, and ecopoetics. The theoretical novelty of the book derives from its comparative and cross-disciplinary approach in the first two chapters which investigate the theoretically fertile links between deconstruction, social ecology, and new materialism. Ergin makes a compelling case for a new poetics structured around the concept of “entanglement,” and outlines entanglements in these three strands of thought so as to demonstrate the relevance of this concept in theoretical terms. She then examines the ecological intersections of nature and society through a comparative analysis of the works of the American poet Juliana Spahr and the Turkish writer Latife Tekin. As the first book-length study of comparative Turkish and American ecocriticism, the book responds to the immense need for theorizing about ecology and poetics across new geographical, cultural, and linguistic contexts.Publication Metadata only Coping with famines in Ottoman Anatolia (1650-1850)(Routledge, 2020) N/A; Çelik, Semih; Researcher; Graduate School of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/AThis chapter attempts to stitch together that sporadic information to construct a longue duree analysis of famines that took place in Ottoman Anatolia for around two centuries defined by crises and reconfiguration. Pioneering studies have offered explanations for the late sixteenth-century political and demographic crisis in Ottoman Anatolia, focusing on the large-scale famines during the 1580–1630 period. Other studies on famines in the Ottoman Empire focus heavily on the later nineteenth century, a time when formal structures and policies of famine relief had been more firmly established by the Ottoman administrators. Historical famine studies seem, over a long period of continuing debates, to have come to an agreement that famines should be identified in connection to whether excessive deaths took place in a region or not. Bread prices in the pre-modern period show substantial short-term fluctuations due to frequent crises related to harvest conditions, transportation difficulties, wars and various other causes.Publication Metadata only Cultural models of nature and society reconsidering environmental attitudes and concern(Sage Publications Inc, 2006) N/A; Department of Sociology; Ignatow, Gabriel; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/ASocial scientists have long debated the factors influencing public concern for the natural environment. This study attempts to contribute to this debate by arguing that environmental concern is shaped by both "spiritual" and "ecological" cultural models of nature-society relations and that by distinguishing between these two, we can better recognize the social sources of variation in concern for the environment. An analysis of questionnaire data from 21 nations from the 1993 International Social Survey Program using ordinary least squares regression models shows that spiritual and ecological environmental worldviews have different social bases. Education generally positively predicts the latter but not the former. Patterns of national differences are noteworthy as well. Thus, conceptualizing public concern for the environment in terms of distinct cultural models may be more revealing than focusing on environmental concern as such.Publication Metadata only Deconstructive ecocriticism(Palgrave, 2017) Department of Comparative Literature; Ergin, Meliz; Faculty Member; Department of Comparative Literature; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 101428This chapter proposes advancing a mode of ecocritical thought free of any transcendental notion of nature, and explores the distinction between nature writing and ecological literature by highlighting the contrast between the Romantic and the revised sublime. Ergin argues that contemporary eco-narratives focus on the revised sublime to present a complex view of natural-social entanglements in light of the new scale of the capitalist-industrialist system and technology. She then turns to Derrida’s work to foreground entanglement as a key concept in deconstruction and to rethink its benefits for ecocritical thought. Ergin introduces the notion of ‘ecological text’ to emphasize textuality as a form of entanglement that proves useful in thinking about ecological interdependence and uncertainty. This chapter advances an improved understanding of the ethics of complicity and responsibility by articulating our embeddedness in the ecological (con)text and its material-discursive network.Publication Metadata only Economic dependency and environmental attitudes in Turkey(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2005) N/A; Department of Sociology; Ignatow, Gabriel; Faculty Member; Department of Sociology; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; N/AStudies of public opinion on environmental issues have been influenced by theories of class conflict and of value change resulting from economic security, but not much by dependency theories. This paper argues that the economic dependence of developing nations on wealthier nations and international lending institutions can substantially affect public opinion within developing nations. Specifically, in developing nations, citizens' awareness of their country's dependence on foreign investment and loans, and of the state's limited sovereignty over domestic environmental issues, can combine to tamp down national support for and knowledge of environmental campaigns even when such campaigns find strong local support, and even when environmental concern is generally strong. A review of two environmental movements and of public opinion in Turkey since the early 1980s suggests that an explanation based on dependency theory, rather than on theories of class conflict or postmaterialism, can best account for how economic processes influence public opinion.Publication Metadata only Economic development, environmental justice, and pro-environmental behavior(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2015) Kentmen-Cin, Cigdem; Department of International Relations; Çarkoğlu, Ali; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 125588Are a country's environmental attitudes linked to its level of economic development? In recent decades, rapid industrialization and the use of cheaper but older production technologies have reduced environmental quality in less developed countries (LDCs). Moreover, these countries have been disproportionally affected by global pollution in that they suffer the effects while having emitted less than industrialized countries. To what extent are people in LDCs ready to make sacrifices to improve environmental conditions? International Social Survey Program 2010 data reveal that people in LDCs are less supportive of international agreements forcing their country to take necessary environmental measures than are citizens in the developed world. Moreover, they are more likely to think that wealthier countries should make more effort to protect the environment, and are less willing to make personal economic sacrifices or change their consumption behavior to accommodate environmental concerns. These results hold even after controlling for post-materialist values, political ideology, personal income, and several other demographic variables.Publication Metadata only Entwined narratives: Latife Tekin's ecopoetics(Palgrave, 2017) Department of Comparative Literature; Ergin, Meliz; Faculty Member; Department of Comparative Literature; College of Social Sciences and Humanities; 101428N/APublication Metadata only Environmental concerns in Turkey: a comparative perspective(I B Tauris & Co Ltd, 2017) Department of International Relations; Çarkoğlu, Ali; Faculty Member; Department of International Relations; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; 125588N/A
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