Researcher: Mousseau, Demet Yalçın
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Mousseau, Demet Yalçın
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Publication Metadata only The contracting roots of human rights(Sage, 2008) N/A; Department of International Relations; Department of International Relations; Department of International Relations; Mousseau, Michael; Mousseau, Demet Yalçın; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/A; N/AThere is a broad consensus that democracy and economic development are among the key factors that promote better human rights practices in nations, but there is little agreement on how this happens. This article reports evidence that human rights, democracy, and development may all be at least partially explained by a fourth factor: market-contracting. Studies in economic history and sociology have established that in developing countries many exchanges of goods and services occur within social networks of friends and family. New institutionalist approaches posit that daily habits give rise to corresponding values and world-views. This study integrates these two fields of study to show how economic dependency on friends and family can promote perceived interests in discriminating strangers from out-groups and abiding by the orders of leaders. Dependency on strangers on a market, in contrast, can promote more individualistic identities and perceived interests in a state that enforces law and contracts with impartiality. This may cause the governments of nations with marketplace societies to be less likely than others to imprison political opponents and act contrary to law. on a large sample of nations from 1977 to 2000, robust support is found for this view: a change from weak to high levels of market-contracting is associated with a substantial 49% to 61% reduction in risk of state repression in nations. At least some of the variance in state repression accounted for by democracy and development may be attributed to market-contracting. This article introduces a new and robust variable in the field of human rights research, with direct policy implications: to reduce state repression, a crucial task is the achievement of market-oriented economic development.Publication Metadata only Is Turkey democratizing with EU reforms?: an assessment of human rights, corruption and socio-economic conditions(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2012) N/A; Department of International Relations; Department of International Relations; Mousseau, Demet Yalçın; Faculty Member; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/AThis study draws attention to corruption, human rights violations and economic instability as impeding factors of democratization in Turkey until the late 1990s. It is investigated if these conditions have been changing with reforms during Turkey's candidacy to the European Union since 1999. The analysis indicates that the level of politicians' accountability is still low and corruption still continues to be a significant problem. Regarding human rights, whereas physical integrity rights such as protection from torture and political imprisonment have been slightly progressing, political, civil and social rights, such as freedom of expression and association, seem unchanged from the pre-candidacy period. However, economic reforms appear to be effective as income levels have been improving.Publication Metadata only Turkey and the EU: the importance of markets(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2006) N/A; Department of International Relations; Department of International Relations; Mousseau, Demet Yalçın; Faculty Member; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/AThe institutionalisation of a market-oriented economy under the rule of law can be an effective factor for the stability and consolidation of democracy. Turkey has had a weak market economy with weak rule of law, caused in part by an unplanned and irrational state allocation of rents. Just as the European Union promoted democratic consolidation and the rule of law in the Spain, Portugal and Greece, it can accelerate the transformation of Turkey's economy and facilitate the consolidation of Turkey's democratic institutions. The postponement or interruption of Turkey's accession process risks increasing political instability in Turkey and the region. Integration is in the interests of both the EU and Turkey.Publication Metadata only An inquiry into the linkage among nationalizing policies, democratization, and ethno-nationalist conflict: the Kurdish case in Turkey(Routledge Journals, Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2012) N/A; Department of International Relations; Department of International Relations; Mousseau, Demet Yalçın; Faculty Member; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/AThis article analyzes the effects of nationalizing policies of the state, processes of democratization, and uneven socio-economic development on the rise of Kurdish ethno-mobilization led by the PKK terrorist organization since the 1980s in Turkey. Three features of the Turkish modernization context are identified as conducive for the rise and continuation of Kurdish ethno-mobilization: a) a nation-building autocratic state that resisted granting cultural rights and recognition for the Kurds; b) democratization with the exclusion of ethnic politics and rights; c) economic regional inequality that coincided with the regional distribution of the Kurdish population. It is argued that autocratic policies of the state during nation-building accompanied the development of an illiberal democracy and intolerance for cultural pluralism. These aspects of Turkish democracy seem to be incompatible with both the liberal and consociational models of democracy that accommodate ethnicity within multiculturalism.Publication Metadata only Loyalists: war and peace in Northern Ireland.(Univ Texas Press, 2000) N/A; Department of International Relations; Department of International Relations; Mousseau, Demet Yalçın; Faculty Member; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/AN/APublication Metadata only Democratizing with ethnic divisions: a source of conflict?(Sage, 2001) Department of International Relations; Department of International Relations; Mousseau, Demet Yalçın; Faculty Member; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics; N/AThis article investigates the conditions that are conducive to extreme political violence in ethnically heterogeneous nations. Theories of resource mobilization, ethnic competition, and split labor market propose that democratization and economic modernization encourage ethnic competition, increasing the likelihood of extreme political violence within nations experiencing political and economic change. In the light of these theories, the conditions that possibly foster conflict in multi-ethnic nations are identified with respect to levels of democracy, political change (or democratization), and levels of economic development. The effects of these variables on extreme political violence are examined with several logit regression analyses on a pooled time-series sample of 126 nations from 1948 to 1982. The findings show that ethnic heterogeneity is not associated with higher levels of violence within nations, except under certain political conditions. Both democracy and economic development relate to political violence in a curvilinear inverted U-shape form. For ethnically heterogeneous societies, however, the inverted U-curve for democracy is asymmetric, with democracy's pacifying impact relative to semi-democracies only about half as potent as in ethnically homogeneous societies and less than that of strict autocracy.Publication Open Access Book review: Loyalists: war and peace in Northern Ireland by Peter Taylor(The University of Chicago Press, 2000) Department of International Relations; Department of International Relations; Mousseau, Demet Yalçın; College of Administrative Sciences and Economics