Researcher:
Kuloğlu, Zeynep Ece

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PhD Student

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Zeynep Ece

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Kuloğlu

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Kuloğlu, Zeynep Ece

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    Publication
    Effect of BTN162b2 and CoronaVac boosters on humoral and cellular immunity of individuals previously fully vaccinated with CoronaVac against SARS-CoV-2: A longitudinal study
    (Wiley, 2022) Midilli, Kenan; Tok, Yesim; Yavuz, Serap Simsek; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; Kuloğlu, Zeynep Ece; El, Rojbin; Esken, Gülen Güney; Talay, Zeynep Gülce; Barlas, Tayfun; Kuşkucu, Mert Ahmet; Albayrak, Özgür; Doğan, Özlem; Ergönül, Önder; Can, Füsun; Researcher; Master Student; Other; Researcher; Researcher; Faculty Member; Researcher; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Koç Üniversitesi İş Bankası Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (EHAM) / Koç University İşbank Center for Infectious Diseases (KU-IS CID); Koç University Research Center for Translational Medicine (KUTTAM) / Koç Üniversitesi Translasyonel Tıp Araştırma Merkezi (KUTTAM); N/A; Graduate School of Sciences and Engineering; N/A; N/A; N/A; School of Medicine; N/A; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; Koç University Hospital; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; 170418; 110398; 103165
    Background It is essential to know about immune response levels after booster doses of the two different types of vaccines, mRNA, and the inactivated, currently used against COVID-19. For this purpose, we aimed to determine the effects of BNT162b2 (BNT) and CoronaVac (CV) boosters on the humoral and cellular immunity of individuals who had two doses of CV vaccination. Methods The study was conducted in three centers (Koc University Hospital, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Hospital, and Istanbul University, Istanbul Medical School Hospital) in Istanbul, Turkey. Individuals who had been previously immunized with two doses of CV and no history of COVID-19 were included. The baseline blood samples were collected 3-5 months after the second dose of CV. Follow-up blood samples were taken 1 and 3 months after administration of third doses of CV, or one dose of BNT boosters. Neutralizing antibody titers were measured by plaque reduction assay. The CD4+ T cell, CD8+ T cell, effector CD4+CD38+CD69+ T cell, and effector CD8+CD38+CD69+ T cell ratios were determined by flow cytometry. The intracellular IFN-gamma and IL-2 responses were measured by ELISpot assay. Results We found a 3.38-fold increase in neutralizing antibody geometric mean titers (NA GMT, 78.69) 1 month after BNT booster and maintained at the third month (NA GMT, 80). Nevertheless, in the CV booster group, significantly lower NA GMT than BNT after 1 month and 3 months were observed (21.44 and 28.44, respectively) (p < .001). In the ELISpot assay, IL-2 levels after BNT were higher than baseline and CV booster (p < .001) while IFN-gamma levels were significantly higher than baseline (p < .001). The CD8+CD38+CD69+ and CD4+CD38+CD69+ T cells were stimulated predominantly in the third month of the BNT boosters. Conclusion The neutralizing antibody levels after 3 months of the BNT booster were higher than the antibody levels after CV in fully vaccinated individuals. On the contrary, ratio of the effector T cells increased along with greater IFN-gamma activation after BNT booster. By considering the waning immunity, we suggest a new booster dose with BNT for the countries that already had two doses of primary CV regimens.
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    Publication
    Immunogenicity after two doses of inactivated virus vaccine in healthcare workers with and without previous COVID-19 infection: prospective observational study
    (Wiley, 2022) Yalçın, Tuğba Y.; Topçu, Deniz, I; Aydın, Saliha; Sarı, Nuran; Erol, Çiğdem; Azap, Özlem K.; Arslan, Hande; N/A; Doğan, Özlem; Kuloğlu, Zeynep Ece; Can, Füsun; Faculty Member; PhD Student; Doctor; Koç Üniversitesi İş Bankası Enfeksiyon Hastalıkları Uygulama ve Araştırma Merkezi (EHAM) / Koç University İşbank Center for Infectious Diseases (KU-IS CID); School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; Koç University Hospital; Graduate School of Health Sciences; Koç University Hospital; 170418; N/A; 103165
    Vaccines have been seen as the most important solution for ending the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The aim of this study is to evaluate the antibody levels after inactivated virus vaccination. We included 148 healthcare workers (74 with prior COVID-19 infection and 74 with not). They received two doses of inactivated virus vaccine (CoronaVac). Serum samples were prospectively collected three times (Days 0, 28, 56). We measured SARS-CoV-2 IgGsp antibodies quantitatively and neutralizing antibodies. After the first dose, antibody responses did not develop in 64.8% of the participants without prior COVID-19 infection. All participants had developed antibody responses after the second dose. We observed that IgGsp antibody titers elicited by a single vaccine dose in participants with prior COVID-19 infection were higher than after two doses of vaccine in participants without prior infection (geometric mean titer: 898 and 607 AU/ml). IgGsp antibodies, participants with prior COVID-19 infection had higher antibody levels as geometric mean titers at all time points (p < 0.001). We also found a positive correlation between IgGsp antibody titers and neutralizing capacity (r(s) = 0.697, p < 0.001). Although people without prior COVID-19 infection should complete their vaccination protocol, the adequacy of a single dose of vaccine is still in question for individuals with prior COVID-19. New methods are needed to measure the duration of protection of vaccines and their effectiveness against variants as the world is vaccinated. We believe quantitative IgGsp values may reflect the neutralization capacity of some vaccines.