Researcher:
Yavuz, Furkan

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Furkan

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Yavuz

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2021 - 20239

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    Responses to hypoxia: how fructose metabolism and hypoxia-inducible factor-1a pathways converge in health and disease
    (Springer Nature, 2023) Kanbay, Mehmet; Çöpür, Sidar; Altıntaş, Alara; Yavuz, Furkan; Faculty Member; Researcher; Undergraduate Student; Undergraduate Student; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; 110580; 368625; N/A; N/A
    Purpose of Review: Oxygen is critical for the high output of energy (adenosine triphosphate) generated by oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondria, and when oxygen delivery is impaired due to systemic hypoxia, impaired or reduced delivery of red blood cells, or from local ischemia, survival processes are activated. Recent Findings: One major mechanism is the activation of hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) that act to reduce oxygen needs by blocking mitochondrial function and stimulating glucose uptake and glycolysis while also stimulating red blood cell production and local angiogenesis. Recently, endogenous fructose production with uric acid generation has also been shown to occur in hypoxic and ischemic tissues where it also appears to drive the same functions, and indeed, there is evidence that many of hypoxia-inducible factors effects may be mediated by the stimulation of fructose production and metabolism. Unfortunately, while being acutely protective, these same systems in overdrive lead to chronic inflammation and disease and may also be involved in the development of metabolic syndrome and related disease. The benefit of SGLT2 inhibitors may act in part by reducing the delivery of glucose with the stimulation of fructose formation, thereby allowing a conversion from the glycolytic metabolism to one involving mitochondrial metabolism. Summary: The use of hypoxia-inducible factor stabilizers is expected to aid the treatment of anemia but, in the long-term, could potentially lead to worsening cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes. We suggest more studies are needed on the use of these agents.
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    Thyroid hormone beta receptor agonists for treatment of kidney disease: a promising agent?
    (Wiley, 2023) N/A; Çöpür, Sidar; Kanbay, Mehmet; Yavuz, Furkan; Researcher; Faculty Member; Undergraduate Student; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; 368625; 110580; N/A
    Background Chronic kidney disease is a common disorder affecting a significant portion of the adult population with high mortality and morbidity. Obesity and hyperlipidemia are prevalent in chronic kidney disease, and they may trigger fat accumulation in renal parenchyma and eventually fatty kidney. Chronic kidney disease and fatty kidney are also strongly associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Because they both lead to detrimental effects on organ function, they both need to be treated effectively to improve the outcome. AimIn this narrative review, we have hypothesized that thyroid hormone beta receptor agonists, a novel drug group, may potentially be beneficial in the management of chronic kidney disease due to its promising outcomes among patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a condition sharing multiple common underlying pathophysiological mechanisms. Results and ConclusionThyroid hormone beta receptors are abundantly expressed in liver and kidney tissues, while both nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and chronic kidney disease share various similar pathophysiological mechanisms and triggers. Therefore, thyroid hormone beta receptor agonists may become a promising tool in the management of patients with chronic kidney disease.
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    The pathophysiology and management of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease patients
    (Taylor & Francis, 2023) Galassi, Andrea; Ciceri, Paola; Cozzolino, Mario; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; Çöpür, Sidar; Kanbay, Mehmet; Yavuz, Furkan; Tanrıöver, Cem; Researcher; Faculty Member; Undergraduate Student; Undergraduate Student; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; 368625; 110580; N/A; N/A
    IntroductionVascular calcification (VC) which is the pathological mineral deposition in the vascular system, predominantly at the intimal and medial layer of the vessel wall, is an important comorbidity in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) leading to significant morbidity and mortality while necessitating appropriate treatment. Our review aims to provide an in-depth analysis of the current understanding of VC.Areas coveredIn this review, we first discuss the pathophysiology of VC in CKD patients, then we explain the methods to predict and assess VC. Afterwards, we provide the currently available as well as the potential therapeutic approaches of VC. We finally discuss our understanding regarding the current situation surrounding VC in our expert opinion section.Expert opinionPredicting, assessing and treating VC is crucial and the future advances in the field of research surrounding VC will potentially occur in one or more of these three areas of clinical management. There is a current lack of evidence and consensus regarding specific therapeutic options for alleviating VC and this situation may not necessitate VC to be determined, detected, and documented before the available options are implemented. Regardless, the prediction and assessment of VC is still important and requires further improvement together with the developments in therapeutic alternatives. The future has the potential to bring better research which would guide and improve the management of this patient group. A more specialized approach consisting of targeted therapies and more tailored management plans for patients with CKD and VC is on the horizon.
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    The use of treatment response assessment maps in discriminating between radiation effect and persistent tumoral lesion in metastatic brain tumors treated with gamma knife radiosurgery
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2021) N/A; N/A; Peker, Selçuk; Samancı, Mustafa Yavuz; Aygün, Murat Serhat; Yavuz, Furkan; Erden, Mert Emre; Nokay, Aziz Emre; Atasoy, Ali İhsan; Bölükbaşı, Yasemin; Faculty Member; Faculty Member; Teaching Faculty; Undergraduate Student; Undergraduate Student; Undergraduate Student; Other; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; N/A; Koç University Hospital; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; Koç University Hospital; N/A; 11480; 275252; 291692; N/A; N/A; N/A; N/A; 216814
    BACKGROUND: Traditional imaging modalities are not useful in the follow-up of irradiated metastatic brain tumors, because radiation can change imaging characteristics. We aimed to assess the ability of treatment response assessment maps (TRAMs) calculated from delayed-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in differentiation between radiation effect and persistent tumoral tissue. METHODS: TRAMs were calculated by subtracting three-dimensional T1 MRIs acquired 5 minutes after contrast injection from the images acquired 60-105 minutes later. Red areas were regarded as radiation effect and blue areas as persistent tumoral lesion. Thirty-seven patients with 130 metastatic brain tumors who were treated with Gamma Knife radiosurgery and who underwent TRAMs perfusion-weighted MRI were enrolled in this retrospective study. RESULTS: The median age was 58 years and the most common primary diagnosis was lung cancer (n = 21). The median follow-up period of patients was 12 months. The overall local control rate was 100% at 1 year and 98.9% at 2 years. The median progression-free survival was 12 months. The mean overall survival was 27.3 months. The radiologic and clinical follow-up showed a clinicoradio-logic diagnosis of a persistent tumoral lesion in 3 tumors (2.3%) and radiation effect in 127 tumors (97.7%). There was a fair agreement between clinicoradiologic diagnosis and TRAMs analysis (k = 0.380). The sensitivity and positive predictive value of TRAMs in diagnosing radiation effect were 96.06% and 99.2%, respectively. TRAMs showed comparable results to perfusion-weighted MRI, with a diagnostic odds ratio of 27.4 versus 20.7, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The presented results show the ability of TRAMs in differentiating radiation effect and persistent tumoral lesions.
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    A review on renal autologous cell transplantation: an investigational approach towards chronic kidney disease
    (Springer Science and Business Media B.V., 2023) Covic, Adrian; N/A; N/A; N/A; Çöpür, Sidar; Yavuz, Furkan; Kanbay, Mehmet; Researcher; Undergraduate Student; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; 368625; N/A; 110580
    Chronic kidney disease is among the most common causes of mortality and morbidity in adult population with limited therapeutic approaches including various medications and kidney replacement therapies. Kidney transplantation is the gold standard therapeutic alternative for the management of chronic kidney disease; nonetheless, important drawbacks include the lack of adequate living or deceased donors, high rates of pre- and post-operative complications including surgical complications, infectious complications and medication-induced adverse effects. With the latest preclinical and in vitro studies demonstrating the potentiality of kidney cells obtained from diseased kidneys to convert into fully functional kidney cells lead to a novel therapeutic alternative referred as autologous selected renal cell transplantation. Even though the clinical studies investigating the efficiency and adverse effects of autologous selected renal cell transplantation are limited, it is no doubt promising. The need for future large-scale studies on chronic kidney disease patients from a diversity of etiologies is clear for the better establishment of the therapeutic potential of autologous selected renal cell transplantation. In this narrative review, our aim is to evaluate the role of renal autologous stem cell therapy in the management of chronic kidney disease. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
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    Future of kidney imaging: functional magnetic resonance imaging and kidney disease progression
    (Wiley, 2022) Sag, Alan A.; Tuttle, Kathherine R.; N/A; N/A; N/A; Çöpür, Sidar; Yavuz, Furkan; Kanbay, Mehmet; Researcher; Undergraduate Student; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; 368625; N/A; 110580
    Introduction Chronic kidney disease (CKD) which is a common cause of death has an increasing trend, but there is no established approach for predicting CKD progression yet. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies such as blood oxygenation level-dependent MRI (BOLD-MRI), diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI-MRI), diffusion-tensor MRI (DTI-MRI) and arterial spin labelling MRI (ASL-MRI) are rising methods for the assessment of kidney functions in native and transplanted kidneys as well as the estimation of CKD progression. Methods Systematic literature review was performed through the Embase (Elsevier), Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley), PubMed/Medline and Web of Science databases, and studies investigating the role of fMRI methods assessing kidney functions in native and transplanted kidneys, as well as the value of fMRI methods to predict CKD progression, were included. Working mechanisms, advantages and limitations of the fMRI modalities were reviewed, and three studies investigating the role of fMRI studies in kidney functions were analysed. Results and conclusion BOLD-MRI signal was found to be inversely correlated with annual eGFR change, and DWI/ADC (apparent diffusion coefficient map) values were shown to be correlated with annual eGFR decline. fMRI methods which are currently used for other systems can be utilized to provide more detailed information about kidney functions, and doctors should be ready to interpret kidney MRIs.
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    The role of body mass index on IgA nephropathy prognosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis
    (Springer, 2022) Covic, Adrian; Ortiz, Alberto; Siriopol, Dimitrie; N/A; Kanbay, Mehmet; Yıldız, Abdullah Burak; Yavuz, Furkan; Faculty Member; Undergraduate Student; Undergraduate Student; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; School of Medicine; 110580; N/A; N/A
    Background Recent studies show that obese patients have worse outcomes in IgA nephropathy as compared to normal weight patients. Materials and methods We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective, retrospective, randomized and nonrandomized studies, which studied the impact of obesity or high body mass index (BMI) on different parameters of IgA nephropathy prognosis and outcome. We searched through PubMed, Ovid/Medline, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (Wiley). Results We included 16 studies in our final analysis with a total of 4258 patients. Overall, there was a significantly lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in IgA nephropathy patients with BMI in the overweight/obese range than in those with normal BMI (mean difference 6.01, 95% CI 2.78-9.24 ml/min/1.73 m(2), P < 0.001), but no significant difference in serum creatinine or proteinuria levels. No studies measured GFR. There were contradictory results regarding the relationship between BMI and blood pressure, histological parameters or outcomes in patients with IgA nephropathy. Conclusions Higher BMI in IgA nephropathy patients might be associated with lower kidney function, but this should be confirmed by measuring GFR. Evidence regarding other kidney damage parameters and outcomes is inconclusive.
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    Visit-to-visit blood pressure variability and risk of dementia in chronic kidney disease patients: why are blood pressure changes so important in cognitive functions?
    (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2022) Kanbay, Mehmet; Yavuz, Furkan; Faculty Member; School of Medicine; 110580; N/A
    Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with cognitive functional impairment or dementia in addition to cardiovascular diseases. Aging of the population and the increasing prevalence of CKD in elderly patients are making dementia more prevalent. Blood pressure (BP) variability is an important risk factor for dementia. Although ample data link high BP variability with the risk of dementia in the general population, data on CKD patients are scarce. An observational cohort study conducted by Park et al., including 103 139 patients, demonstrated a strong association between higher visit-to-visit BP variability and increased risk of dementia in CKD patients. Both higher systolic and diastolic BP variabilities were associated with any type of dementia, including Alzheimer's and vascular dementia. Physicians must be aware of BP variability when evaluating CKD patients with hypertension.
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    Novel strategies in nephrology: what to expect from the future?
    (Oxford University Press (OUP), 2022) Soler, Maria J.; Ortiz, Alberto; Covic, Adrian; Çöpür, Sidar; Kanbay, Mehmet; Tanrıöver, Cem; Yavuz, Furkan; Researcher; Faculty Member; Undergraduate Student; School of Medicine; 368625; 110580; N/A; N/A
    Chronic kidney disease (CKD) will become the fifth global case of death by 2040. Its largest impact is on premature mortality but the number of persons with kidney failure requiring renal replacement therapy (RRT) is also increasing dramatically. Current RRT is suboptimal due to the shortage of kidney donors and dismal outcomes associated with both hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis. Kidney care needs a revolution. In this review, we provide an update on emerging knowledge and technologies that will allow an earlier diagnosis of CKD, addressing the current so-called blind spot (e.g. imaging and biomarkers), and improve renal replacement therapies (wearable artificial kidneys, xenotransplantation, stem cell-derived therapies, bioengineered and bio-artificial kidneys).