Investigation of Methylsulfonamide's capability to prevent Zn2+-induced Aβ Peptide aggregation based on Zn2+ coordination within the zinc binding region of Aβ for treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD)

Abstract

There is no cure for Alzheimer's disease (AD) with the currently suggested therapies. Thus, designing and synthesis of new drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease for safe and effective therapy have become an important task. Metal ions such as Zn2+, Cu2+, and Fe3+ are known to increase the rate of A beta aggregation and exist in amyloid plaques at high concentrations. A beta oligomers, whether formed on the way to amyloid fibril formation or formed off-pathway due to the interaction of A beta monomers with Zn2+, are considered to be the most neurotoxic aggregates. Using NMR and SPR, this study reports the methylsulfonamide inhibition of Zn2+-induced A beta(1-16) dimer formation via methylsulfonamide coordination of Zn2+ within the Zn2+ binding region of A beta, (11EVHH14) and inhibit the H14-Zn2+ coordination between the 11EVHH14 regions of two A beta peptides, preventing their interactions and hence the A beta dimer formation. According to the results of this study, methylsulfonamide has the potential to be used as a drug in Alzheimer's disease for the prevention of the formation of the Zn2+-induced toxic A beta oligomers formed during A beta aggregation.