Evaluating diagnostic indicators for air transfer in earthquake-admitted patients: a retrospective analysis from the 2023 Kahramanmaraş-Türkiye Earthquake

Abstract

Introduction In the aftermath of the 2023 Turkey earthquakes, severely damaged hospitals necessitated efficient patient transportation. This research aims to assess the applicability of trauma assessment tools (TRISS, ISS, RTS) in determining transportation methods for earthquake-affected patients when local hospitals are incapacitated, particularly for patients transported by air ambulance and those who self-arrive from a location 1,100 km away. Methodology This retrospective analysis involved 397 patients from a hospital 1,100 km away from the 2023 Turkey Earthquake. We assessed patients who arrived by air ambulance or self-transport following the earthquake, calculating TRISS, ISS, and RTS scores. We sought intergroup differences to establish transportation strategies. Results TRISS and ISS exhibited good predictive value (AUC 0.723 and 0.880, respectively), while RTS was less useful. The median RTS score was 8 for both the Air transfer and Walk-in patients’ groups. The median RTS score was similar for air transfer and walk-in patients. For air transfer patients, most admissions occurred on the first day, while walk-in patients peaked on the eighth day. Conclusion ISS and TRISS effectively identify patients requiring air transport post-earthquake. Distant hospitals should prepare to receive air transferred patients within the first five days, and self-admitted patients from the fourth day onward.