Publication:
A survey of ELF and VLF research on lightning-ionosphere interactions and causative discharges

dc.contributor.coauthorCummer, S. A.
dc.contributor.coauthorMarshall, R. A.
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
dc.contributor.kuauthorİnan, Umran Savaş
dc.contributor.schoolcollegeinstituteCollege of Engineering
dc.date.accessioned2024-11-09T13:46:57Z
dc.date.issued2010
dc.description.abstractExtremely low frequency (ELF) and very low frequency (VLF) observations have formed the cornerstone of measurement and interpretation of effects of lightning discharges on the overlying upper atmospheric regions, as well as near-Earth space. ELF (0.3-3 kHz) and VLF (3-30 kHz) wave energy released by lightning discharges is often the agent of modification of the lower ionospheric medium that results in the conductivity changes and the excitation of optical emissions that constitute transient luminous events (TLEs). In addition, the resultant ionospheric changes are best (and often uniquely) observable as perturbations of subionospherically propagating VLF signals. In fact, some of the earliest evidence for direct disturbances of the lower ionosphere in association with lightning discharges was obtained in the course of the study of such VLF perturbations. Measurements of the detailed ELF and VLF waveforms of parent lightning discharges that produce TLEs and terrestrial gamma ray flashes (TGFs) have also been very fruitful, often revealing properties of such discharges that maximize ionospheric effects, such as generation of intense electromagnetic pulses (EMPs) or removal of large quantities of charge. In this paper, we provide a review of the development of ELF and VLF measurements, both from a historical point of view and from the point of view of their relationship to optical and other observations of ionospheric effects of lightning discharges.
dc.description.fulltextYES
dc.description.indexedbyWOS
dc.description.indexedbyScopus
dc.description.issueA6
dc.description.openaccessYES
dc.description.publisherscopeInternational
dc.description.sponsoredbyTubitakEuN/A
dc.description.sponsorshipOffice of Naval Research
dc.description.sponsorshipNational Science Foundation
dc.description.versionPublisher version
dc.description.volume115
dc.identifier.doi10.1029/2009JA014775
dc.identifier.eissn2169-9402
dc.identifier.embargoNO
dc.identifier.filenameinventorynoIR00592
dc.identifier.issn2169-9380
dc.identifier.quartileN/A
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-77954401695
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1029/2009JA014775
dc.identifier.wos278992200003
dc.keywordsInduced electron-precipitation
dc.keywordsTransient luminous events
dc.keywordsGamma-ray flashes
dc.keywordsInner radiation belt
dc.keywordsAmplitude perturbations
dc.keywordsRed-sprites
dc.keywordsD-region
dc.keywordsOptical-emissions
dc.keywordsSubionospheric transmissions
dc.keywordsElectromagnetic pulses
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)
dc.relation.grantnoN00014-03-1-0333
dc.relation.grantnoATM-0551174, ATM-0634661, ATM-06-42757
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
dc.relation.urihttp://cdm21054.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/IR/id/667
dc.subjectAstronomy and astrophysics
dc.titleA survey of ELF and VLF research on lightning-ionosphere interactions and causative discharges
dc.typeJournal Article
dspace.entity.typePublication
local.contributor.kuauthorİnan, Umran Savaş
local.publication.orgunit1College of Engineering
local.publication.orgunit2Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
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relation.isParentOrgUnitOfPublication8e756b23-2d4a-4ce8-b1b3-62c794a8c164
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