Low-threshold, room-temperature femtosecond CR4+: forsterite laser

Abstract

We describe a low-threshold Cr4+:forsterite laser which can be operated in continuous-wave as well as Kerr-lens mode-locked regimes at room temperature. To achieve low lasing thresholds, a 3-mm-long Cr4+: forsterite crystal with a single-pass absorption of 41% was used to reduce the passive losses. Furthermore, a thin crystal was used to minimize the pump induced thermal gradients. During continuous-wave operation, absorbed threshold pump powers as low as 290 mW were obtained at 20 degrees C in single-pass pumping with a Yb fiber laser. To the best of our knowledge, this is the lowest pump threshold reported to date for Cr4+: forsterite lasers. Furthermore, Kerr-lens mode locking could also be obtained using dispersion compensation with double-chirped mirrors. With an input pump power of 3 W, nearly transform-limited 86-fs pulses were obtained at a repetition rate of 200 MHz and with an average output power of 85 mW.