Peppermint (mentha piperita) essential oil induces dose-dependent cytotoxicity in human laryngeal carcinoma cells (HNO210)

Abstract

Objectives: We investigated the cytotoxic effects of Mentha piperita oil on HNO210 human laryngeal cancer cells. Methods: Every experiment used BHC11100312, BioHippo, cryopreserved HNO210 human laryngeal cancer cells. The cells were cultured in a specific medium containing fetal bovine serum (10%; ATCC 30-2020™) and an antibiotic-antimycotic solution (1%; Gibco, 15240062). Mentha piperita oil was serially diluted to prepare solutions at final concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, and 500 µg/mL. The colorimetric MTT assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) was used to assess the antiproliferative effects. Results: A reduction in cell viability was observed after 24 hours of treatment with Mentha piperita oil, and this reduction was dose-dependent. At concentrations above 200 µg/mL, there was a clear cytotoxic response, with cell survival becoming nearly nonexistent. The growth and metabolic stability of HNO210 cells are significantly suppressed by M. piperita oil in vitro. The essential oil of Mentha piperita exhibits a strong cytotoxic effect on HNO210 cells, decreasing their metabolic activity and ability to proliferate after 24 hours of exposure. The treated cells showed obvious signs of cytoplasmic shrinkage, reduced cell density, and loss of intercellular connections. Membrane blebbing and partial detachment from the culture surface were also observed in the treated cultures, indicating cytotoxic stress and potential apoptotic events. Conclusions: Mentha piperita oil inhibits the vitality of HNO210 laryngeal cancer cells. It exhibits anticancer potential and has a concentration-dependent cytotoxic effect. The antiproliferative properties of Mentha piperita oil make it a promising candidate for developing effective cancer treatments.