Single-session multilevel vertebroplasty and kyphoplasty: evaluation of safety and efficacy in the treatment of spinal compression fractures

Abstract

Objective: Single-session multi-level vertebroplasty (VP) and kyphoplasty (KP) are minimally invasive techniques for spinal compression fracture treatment.This study aimed to retrospectively evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of three or more KP/VP procedures performed in a single session. Materials and Methods: Between 2017 and 2024, clinical data from 13 patients who underwent single-session multilevel (>3 levels) KP/ VP for spinal compression fractures were retrospectively analyzed. Pain severity was assessed pre-operatively and post-operatively using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), while functional recovery was evaluated using the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI). The procedure-related complication rates, including cement leakage, were also analyzed and categorized according to clinical significance. Results: A significant reduction in pain levels was observed based on VAS scores (p<0.05). The mean pre-operative VAS score was 8.38±1.26, which decreased to 5.15±1.72 in the early post-operative period and further to 2.15±1.14 in the late post-operative period. Similarly, the mean pre-operative ODI score was 70.72±11.65, which decreased to 33.56±10.4* in the late post-operative period (p<0.05). The complication rate related to the procedure remained minimal, with a cement leakage rate of 18%. Conclusion: Single-session multi-level KP and VP are reliable and effective treatment methods for spinal compression fractures, and they can significantly reduce pain and achieve functional improvement with a low complication rate. This approach has been implemented in a limited number of centers worldwide and has a high clinical success rate.