The effect of interpersonal psychotherapy on psychosocial problems among breast cancer patients: A systematic review

Abstract

Objective: Breast cancer, one of the most prevalent cancers among women, not only results in significant physical changes but also causes considerable emotional distress and disruptions in social roles and relationships. While depression is the most commonly observed psychiatric disorder in cancer patients, there is a lack of sufficient research on the effectiveness, potential drug interactions, and side effects of antidepressants in this population. This gap underscores the increasing need for non-pharmacological approaches, such as psychotherapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of Interpersonal Psychotherapy (IPT) in addressing psychosocial challenges faced by breast cancer patients. Methods: This systematic review was registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42024576746). A systematic literature search was conducted across five databases: Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and Ovid MEDLINE. The review was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines. Study selection and data extraction were independently performed by two researchers using the Covidence platform. Disagreements were resolved through discussion to reach consensus. Results: Four studies (two randomized controlled trials [RCTs], two pilots) met inclusion criteria. IPT significantly reduced depression, anxiety, and psychological distress, with some studies also reporting improvements in quality of life. One study showed strong effect sizes (Cohen's d > 1.0) for depression. Telephone-based IPT was feasible and beneficial. Findings support IPT as an effective psychosocial intervention for breast cancer patients. Conclusion: IPT appears to be an effective intervention for reducing anxiety and depression and enhancing quality of life in patients with breast cancer. However, further high-quality, large-scale RCTs are needed to strengthen the evidence base and confirm its clinical utility.