Determinants of the development of depression in women during the postpartum period

Abstract

This study focuses on a comprehensive examination of sociodemographic, maternal, and neonatal characteristics, aiming to identify the various factors linked with postpartum depression. METHODS: This retrospective study screened women who had given birth at the clinic for depression between May and November 2023. Participants were stratified into two groups according to their risk of depression, and the results were compared. RESULTS: Of the 554 women included, 122 (22%) had Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores ≥11, indicating postpartum depression. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified maternal anemia (odds ratio [OR] = 3.24; 95% CI, 1.67–6.27; p < .001), divorce (OR = 25.10; 95% CI, 2.35–267.28; p = .008), unemployment (OR = 4.17; 95% CI, 1.20–14.30; p = .025), and higher gestational weight gain (OR = 1.14 per kg; 95% CI, 1.08–1.21; p < .001) as significant risk factors for postpartum depression. Other factors, including family history of psychiatric disorders, also contributed to increased risk. CONCLUSION: To reduce postpartum depression rates, it is necessary to enhance mothers’ social and economic conditions. Providing expectant mothers with comprehensive educational programs covering aspects such as pregnancy, baby care, and addiction can be instrumental. Cite this article as: Arslan, O., Giray, B., & Tuğ, N. (2026). Determinants of the development of depression in women during the postpartum period. Florence Nightingale Journal of Nursing, 34, 0359, doi:10.5152/FNJN.2026.25359.