Knowledge levels and related factors regarding Human Papillomavirus, Human Papillomavirus diagnostic testing, and Human Papillomavirus vaccination among adolescents

Abstract

Objective: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common viral infection of the reproductive system. Adolescent awareness about HPV-related infections and preventive vaccinations can help reduce the burden of disease and cancer. This study aimed to assess the knowledge levels of high school students, as part of the adolescent population, regarding HPV, HPV screening tests, and HPV vaccination. Methods: This descriptive study was conducted between August 30 and October 30, 2024, among high school students in a district of İstanbul. A total of 214 participants were selected using a purposive sampling method. Data were collected through an online electronic survey using the “Participant Information Form” and the “HPV Knowledge Scale.” Results: Among the participants, 67.3% were female (n= 144), 32.7% were male (n= 70), with a mean age of 16.55 ±1.26 years. The mean score on the HPV Knowledge Scale was 17.56 ± 3.83. The most correctly answered question regarding HPV was “Having multiple sexual partners increases the risk of HPV transmission,” while the most incorrectly answered question was “HPV usually does not require any treatment.” A significant difference was found in HPV Knowledge Scale scores based on gender, mothers’ education level, and prior knowledge about HPV (P < .05). Conclusion: This study found that high school students had a moderate level of knowledge about HPV. It is recommended to provide educational programs for adolescents, who are potential candidates for sexual activity, to raise awareness of HPV prevention and vaccination.