The predictive value of first trimester maternal serum pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) level in predicting gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Aims: The aim of this study is to evaluate the predictive value of first trimester biochemical markers in the subsequent development of gestational diabetes mellitus. Methods: Data were retrospectively collected from the file records of 361 pregnant patients, who were admitted to the 1st Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic at Şişli Etfal Education and Training Hospital for first trimester prenatal screening test between 11-14 weeks of their gestation and who later had undergone 50 gram glucose challenge test at 24-28 weeks of their gestation, between November 2007 and February 2011. Age, patient weight, Crown rump length (CRL), gestational week, Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) concentration, PAPP-A multiple of median (MoM) value, Beta-human koryonik gonadotropin (B-HCG) concentration, B-HCG MoM value, 50 and 100 g oral glucose challange test result were recorded from the files. Gestational diabetes was diagnosed according to National Diabates Data Grup cutt-off values and criteria. The association between first trimester biochemical markers and subsequent development of gestational diabetes was evaluated. Results: In this study low PAPP-A and/or HCG MoM values and increased Nuchal translucency (NT) MoM values were found to be statistically significant for subsequent development of gestational diabetes. Conclusion: GDM is an important health problem that carries many risks of complications for both mother and fetus. Pregnant women with GDM may have high blood sugar levels before diagnosis at 24 weeks of gestation, so fetal growth may be negatively affected by maternal hyperglycemia. Use of first trimester screening maternal serum biomarkers may lead to early diagnosis of GDM and interventions to improve maternal and fetal outcomes.