Association between sleep quality and geriatric hip fracture: a prospective comparative study

Abstract

The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between sleep disturbance and geriatric hip fracture. Methods Between January 2023 and August 2024, 90 patients admitted to the Adult Emergency Clinic with the diagnosis of hip fracture were included in the study. In addition, a control group consisted of 90 patients, aged ≥65 years, and undergoing elective orthopedic surgery without prior hip fracture. The Pittsburg Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) test, Bone Mineral Densitometry and Vitamin D and Calcium levels were examined and noted in the inpatient service for both groups of patients two days after surgery. Results A total of 180 patients were included. The fracture group demonstrated higher PSQI scores compared with the control group (6.74 ± 4.02 vs 5.23 ± 3.06, p=0.005). Poor sleep quality (PSQI >5) was more frequent in the fracture group (73.3% vs 33.3%, p<0.001). Serum calcium levels were lower in the fracture group (p<0.001), while vitamin D and DEXA scores were not significantly different (p=0.796 and p=0.119, respectively). Within the fracture cohort, poorer sleep quality was associated with older age and female sex. Conclusion Geriatric hip fracture patients demonstrated poorer sleep quality compared with elective surgical control patients. Screening for sleep problems could help identify high-risk geriatric individuals who may benefit from comprehensive fall-prevention strategies.