Publication: Confirmatory test results in patients with a reactive Anti-HIV test result: four-year data
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Varisli, Ayse Nuriye
Demir, Tülin
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Turkish
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Abstract
Objective: the aim of this study was to evaluate the results of confirmatory tests performed by line immunoassay ILIA) in blood donors and patients with suspected HIV infection, and patients undergoing preoperative or antenatal screening, of whom anti-HIV-1/2 test results were found as repeatedly reactive. Methods: serum samples sent to the microbiology laboratory between January 2014 and December 2017, were tested by the fourth-generation enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which identifies the anti-HIV-1/2 antibodies and p24 antigen together. The repeatedly reactive samples were investigated by LIA method as a confirmatory test. Results: a total of 106 786 patients'sera were screened by ELISA. Of these patients, 47 723 (45%) were male and 59 063 (55%) were female. The distribution included 37 375 (35%) patients from inpatient clinic and intensive care unit, 2040 (2%) blood donors, 1023 (1%) dialysis patients, 4271 (4%) pregnant women, 2135 (2%) patients from infectious diseases department and 59 942 (56%) patients from other outpatient clinics. In sera of 90 (%0.08) patients aged 15-93 years, the HIV1-2 antibody was found as reactive by ELISA. 14 (15.9%) positive, 4 (4.5%) indeterminate and 70 (79.5%) negative results were found in samples investigated by LIA. Two samples which were not repeatedly reactive with ELISA were not tested by the confirmatory test. Confirmed HIV-positive cases over the years were distributed as 3 (21%) in 2014, 2 (14%) in 2015, 4 (29%) in 2016, and 5 (36%) in 2017, and the increase in cases according to years was found statistically significant (p<0.001). Conclusions: in our study, anti-HIV detection rates in patients were found to be consistent with other studies conducted on this subject.79.5% of patients with reactive ELISA and anti-HIV 1-2 tests were considered false-positive. These patients had autoimmune diseases, malignancy, pregnancy, and endocrinological disorders. As a result, HIV positivity among patients investigated by confirmatory tests has increased in recent years. / Amaç: bu çalışmada, anti-HIV-1/2 test sonucu tekrarlayan reaktif olarak bulunan kan donörlerinin, HIV infeksiyonundan şüphelenilen veya ameliyat ve doğum öncesi tarama yapılan hastaların, “line immunoassay” (LIA) ile yapılan doğrulama testi sonuçlarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntemler: Ocak 2014-Aralık 2017 tarihleri arasında mikrobiyoloji laboratuvarına gönderilen serum örnekleri, anti-HIV-1/2 antikorları ve p24 antijenini birlikte tayin eden dördüncü kuşak “enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)” testiyle araştırılmıştır. Tekrarlayan reaktif örnekler, doğrulama testi olarak LIA yöntemiyle incelenmiştir. Bulgular: toplam 106 786 hastanın serumu ELISA yöntemiyle taranmıştır. Bu hastaların 47 723 (%45)’ü erkek, 59 063 (%55)’ü kadındı. Hastaların 37 375 (%35)’i servis ve yoğun bakım ünitesi hastası, 2040 (%2)’ı kan donörü, 1023 (%1)’ü diyaliz hastası, 4271 (%4)’i gebe, 2135 (%2)’i infeksiyon hastalıkları polikliniğine başvuran ve 59 942 (%56)’si diğer polikliniklere başvuran hastalardan oluşmaktaydı. Yaş aralığı 15-93 arasında olan 90 (%0.08) hastanın serumunda ELISA yöntemiyle HIV 1-2 antikoru reaktif olarak bulunmuştur. Bu örneklerin 88’i LIA yöntemiyle araştırılmış ve 14 (%15.9)’ü pozitif, 4 (%4.5)’ü indetermine ve 70 (%79.5)’i negatif bulunmuştur. İkisinde ise ELISA ile tekrarlayan reaktif olarak saptanmadığı için doğrulama testi yapılmamıştır. Doğrulanan HIV-pozitif olgular, 2014’te 3 (%21), 2015’te 2 (%14), 2016’da 4 (%29) ve 2017 yılında 5 (%36) olgu olarak saptanmış ve olguların yıllara göre artışı istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmuştur (p<0.001). Sonuçlar: çalışmamızda hastalarda anti-HIV saptanma oranları bu konuda yapılmış diğer çalışmalarla uyumlu bulunmuştur.
Source:
Klimik Journal / Klimik Dergisi
Publisher:
Aves
Keywords:
Subject
Medicine, general and internal, microbiology