Publication:
Over-the-air OFDM-IM through frequency mixing and modulating reconfigurable intelligent surfaces

dc.contributor.coauthorÇırpan, Hakan Ali
dc.contributor.departmentDepartment of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
dc.contributor.kuauthorBaşar, Ertuğrul
dc.contributor.kuauthorHıdır, Elvan Kuzucu
dc.contributor.schoolcollegeinstituteCollege of Engineering
dc.date.accessioned2024-12-29T09:37:46Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.description.abstractBeyond fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication, reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS) have emerged as a transformative technology that can redefine how we interact with and harness electromagnetic waves. Advancements in meta-materials and metasurfaces have brought about exceptional flexibility in controlling electromagnetic waves at scales smaller than the wavelength. The frequency-mixing RIS (FMx-RIS) has been introduced, considering the benefits of programmable metasurfaces. This method introduces additional frequencies into the original signal, making the communication environment non-linear. Among the different multicarrier transmission methods, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) has become the most commonly used option in wireless communications due to reducing intersymbol interference caused by the frequency selectivity of wireless channels. Upon examining the structure of FMx-RIS, it has been observed that signals similar to OFDM can be obtained at the receiver. This situation indicates the possibility of generating a signal in the air similar to OFDM using an RIS. Therefore, in this study, we propose a novel Over-the-Air OFDM system design by integrating frequency mixing and modulating RIS (FMMx-RIS) to exploit its ability to manipulate the incident wave's magnitude and frequency. The most notable aspect of this innovative scheme is its ability to offer multi-carrier transmission with a straightforward transmitter structure rather than requiring the complex system design typical of OFDM. The novel concept of index modulation (IM), which leverages the spatial domain to transmit extra information more efficiently, enhancing energy and spectrum efficiency, has attracted considerable interest in both academic and industrial fields. Hence, we extend the system model into the Over-the-Air OFDM-IM system by toggling frequency-changing RIS on and off. Furthermore, we analytically assess the average bit error probability (ABEP) of the proposed Over-the-Air OFDM-IM system using the maximum likelihood (ML) decoder. Subsequently, we present comprehensive computer simulation results to demonstrate the significant improvement in bit error rate (BER) performance of the proposed Over-the-Air OFDM-IM system compared to reference systems employing RIS-aided OFDM.
dc.description.indexedbyWOS
dc.description.indexedbyScopus
dc.description.openaccess 
dc.description.publisherscopeInternational
dc.description.sponsoredbyTubitakEuTÜBİTAK
dc.description.sponsorshipThis work was supported by TUBITAK under Grant 120E401.
dc.description.volume5
dc.identifier.doi10.1109/OJCOMS.2024.3427639
dc.identifier.eissn2644-125X
dc.identifier.link 
dc.identifier.quartileQ1
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85199063801
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1109/OJCOMS.2024.3427639
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14288/22480
dc.identifier.wos1286824700009
dc.keywordsOFDM
dc.keywordsReconfigurable intelligent surfaces
dc.keywordsFrequency modulation
dc.keywordsWireless networks
dc.keywordsComplexity theory
dc.keywordsSystem analysis and design
dc.keywordsSymbols
dc.keywords6G
dc.keywordsOrthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)
dc.keywordsIndex modulation (IM)
dc.keywordsOFDM-IM
dc.keywordsReconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)
dc.keywordsOver-the-air modulation
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherIEEE-Inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc
dc.relation.grantno 
dc.relation.ispartofIEEE Open Journal of the Communications Society
dc.rights 
dc.subjectElectrical engineering
dc.subjectElectronic engineering
dc.subjectTelecommunications
dc.titleOver-the-air OFDM-IM through frequency mixing and modulating reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
dc.typeJournal Article
dc.type.other 
dspace.entity.typePublication
local.contributor.kuauthorHıdır, Elvan Kuzucu
local.contributor.kuauthorBaşar, Ertuğrul
local.publication.orgunit1College of Engineering
local.publication.orgunit2Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication21598063-a7c5-420d-91ba-0cc9b2db0ea0
relation.isOrgUnitOfPublication.latestForDiscovery21598063-a7c5-420d-91ba-0cc9b2db0ea0
relation.isParentOrgUnitOfPublication8e756b23-2d4a-4ce8-b1b3-62c794a8c164
relation.isParentOrgUnitOfPublication.latestForDiscovery8e756b23-2d4a-4ce8-b1b3-62c794a8c164

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