Ultrasonography and erythrocyte distribution width in patients with plantar fasciitis

Abstract

Background: The measurement of plantar fascia thickness with ultrasonography can be used for both for diagnosis and as a response-to-treatment parameter in plantar fasciitis. Furthermore, with the recent studies, red cell distribution width may be used as an inflammatory marker. Aim of this study is to investigate the association of red cell distribution width and ultrasonography on diagnosis and monitoring of treatment in patients with plantar fasciitis. Methods: Clinically diagnosed 102 patients with plantar fasciitis between the dates January 2016 to July 2018 were analysed. Hemogram, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP) and plantar fascial ultrasonography were obtained on initial evaluation and in 1 month, 2 months and 3 months of the standard nonoperative treatment; American Orthopaedic Foot & Ankle Hindfoot Score (AOFAS) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores were recorded. Posthoc and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for statistical analysis on SPSS 21.0. Results: Red cell distribution width was correlated with plantar fascia thickness by the end of the 1 month (r = 0.26, P = .013). Female sex, BMI over 30 kg/m2, higher red cell distribution width and higher plantar fascia thickness were associated with plantar fasciitis on initial evaluation. Higher red cell distribution width together with higher plantar fascia thickness were also found to be a risk factor for both on initial evaluation and 1 month after treatment in plantar fasciitis. Conclusion: This study shows that association of red cell distribution width and plantar fascia thickness can be not only a diagnostic predictor but also an indicator of treatment response in plantar fasciitis. Level of clinical evidence: Level IV (c) 2020 European Foot and Ankle Society. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.